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美国页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发进展

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 807-828页

作者： MCMAHON T p LARSON T E ZHANG T SHUSTER M 美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校杰克逊地质科学学院经济地质局奥斯汀78758-4445德克萨斯州美国

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比... 详细信息

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比世)、早二叠世、晚侏罗世和晚白垩世(塞诺曼期—土伦期),构造沉积环境主要包括克拉通内盆地、前陆盆地和被动大陆边缘盆地。古生界富烃页岩主要分布于以下6个盆地:阿巴拉契亚盆地(尤蒂卡页岩和马塞勒斯页岩)、阿纳达科盆地(伍德福德页岩)、威利斯顿盆地(巴肯页岩)、阿卡马盆地(费耶特维尔页岩)、沃思堡盆地(巴内特页岩)和二叠盆地(狼营组和斯帕瑞组/骨泉组页岩)。中生界富烃页岩主要发育在西墨西哥湾盆地(海恩斯维尔组和鹰滩组)和落基山盆地群(以丹佛和粉河盆地的尼尔布拉勒组页岩为主)。通过对各页岩区带的详细分析发现,页岩的岩相和矿物成分存在差异,“页岩储层”并非只是页岩,很多情况下页岩油气还产自粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩等多种岩石类型。美国的页岩油气资源丰富,页岩油地质资源量超过0.246×1012 t,页岩气地质资源量超过290×1012 m3。在开启“页岩革命”的水平井水力压裂技术出现之前,美国经过了长达20年的勘探开发实践和理论技术积累。自2007年至2023年,美国页岩油气产量从约11.2×104t/d油当量增加到超过300.0×104t/d油当量,2017年页岩油气产量超过了常规油气,2023年在油气总产量中的占比增加到60%以上。页岩油气的开发主要得益于钻完井技术的改进,“立体开发”的攻关,以及重复压裂、提高原油采收率和“U”形井等技术的应用。基于美国丰富的页岩资源基础和技术的不断进步,页岩油气的产量将继续为全美的油气生产做出更大贡献。

关键词：美国页岩油页岩气页岩储层非常规储层油气产量资源评价

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A study of the correlation between dengue and weather in Kandy City, Sri Lanka (2003 -2012) and lessons learned

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2015年第1期4卷 345-358,344页

作者： N D B Ehelepola Kusalika Ariyaratne W M N p Buddhadasa Sunil Ratnayake Malani Wickramasinghe The Teaching(General)Hospital-Kandy KandySri Lanka Faculty of Engineering University of RuhunaHapugalaSri Lanka

Background:Weather variables affect dengue *** study aimed to identify a dengue weather correlation pattern in Kandy,Sri Lanka,compare the results with results of similar studies,and establish ways for better control and prevention of ***:We collected data on reported dengue cases in Kandy and mid-year population data from 2003 to 2012,and calculated weekly *** obtained daily weather data from two weather stations and converted it into weekly *** studied correlation patterns between dengue incidence and weather variables using the wavelet time series analysis,and then calculated cross-correlation coefficients to find magnitudes of ***:We found a positive correlation between dengue incidence and rainfall in millimeters,the number of rainy and wet days,the minimum temperature,and the night and daytime,as well as average,humidity,mostly with a five-to seven-week ***,we found correlations between dengue incidence and maximum and average temperatures,hours of sunshine,and wind,with longer lag *** incidences showed a negative correlation with wind ***:Our results showed that rainfall,temperature,humidity,hours of sunshine,and wind are correlated with local dengue *** have suggested ways to improve dengue management routines and to control it in these times of global *** also noticed that the results of dengue weather correlation studies can vary depending on the data analysis.

关键词： Dengue Weather Aedes Wavelet analyses Time series Neglected diseases Climate change Sri Lanka Disease vectors

EM Scattering from Rough Surface

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1997年第4期8卷 34-39页

作者： Lu Guizhen & Mao Zhiji p. O. Box 29, Beijing Broadcasting Institute, 100024, p. R. China p. O. Box 29 Beijing Broadcasting Institute 100024 P. R. China

In this paper, Laplace transform method is used to solve the problem of wave scattering from the rough surface. The rough surface is described by y=ζ (x, z) . First, we make Laplace transform to y variable, then do the Fourier transform to x and z variables. In the k space, we can obtain the solution of the problem of wave scattering by simple algebraic operation. Finally, the Laplace inverse transform is performed by complex variable method and Fourier inverse transform by stationary phase method.

关键词： EM scattering Laplace transform Fourier transform.

protection of Childhood in Greece

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2005年第3期16卷 187-192页

作者： Deligeoroglou E Christopoulos p Salakos N Roupa Z Sotiropoulou p papadimitriou p Division of Family planning 2nd Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Aretaieion Hospital University of Athens Athens14564 Greece Dept of Health Visitors Technological Institute of Athens Athens14564 Greece

The early childhood care is important not only for individual Greek children and families but also for Greek society at large. Furthermore, it needs to be secured that the burden of labour and the raising of child is not only a woman＇s duty. There is a broad recognition that a strategy for developing early childhood services and childcare to support mother＇s labour force participation is in the public interest and should be the primary scope of the national health and social care policy. The inadequate organization of the child welfare system has adverse effects on the well-being, and function of the family. Only the improvement of the expected protection can lead to social politics that will give a chance to mother and child to live in conditions fitting human value and dignity. Herein, we presented the regulations and services along with health care professionals that refer to the protection of child in Greece.

关键词： protection of child health care professionals social care system

Thermoelectric transport enhancement of Te-rich bismuth antimony telluride(Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3+x))through controlled porosity

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Journal of Materiomics 2020年第3期6卷 532-544页

作者： Ian T.Witting Jann A.Grovogui Vinayak p.Dravid G.Jeffrey Snyder Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University2220 Campus DriveCook Hall 2036EvanstonIL60208USA

Alloys of Bi_(2)Te_(3) and Sb_(2)Te_(3) are the best performing p-type thermoelectrics near room temperature and have been the subject of extensive engineering *** improvement is achieved by introducing defects that effectively scatter phonons and reduce thermal ***,outstanding results are often difficult to reproduce as the process variables involved are difficult to control or possibly ***,a reproducible and controllable method of fabricating porous Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3+x) is *** effective medium theory(EMT)predicts no benefit,improvements in the thermoelectric quality factor,B(which determines the maximum zT of a materials),were as high as 45% parallel to the pressing direction for a sample of roughly 20% *** study of microstructural evolution with increasing porosity is facilitated by a combination of Scanning/Transmission Electron Microscopy(S/TEM)and Electron Backscattered Diffraction(EBSD).This study reveals a statistically significant shift in the distribution of grain boundaries favoring lower energy twins,which coincides with an increase in the presence of stepped twin *** work demonstrates the potential benefits of careful grain boundary engineering and the need for further detailed studies of the dependence of thermal and electrical transport on grain boundary structure and orientation in these alloys.

关键词： Bismuth antimony telluride Thermoelectric porosity Transport modeling Foaming

New adaptive quasi-sliding mode control for nonlinear discrete-time systems

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第1期19卷 154-160页

作者： Wang Weihong1,2 & Hou Zhongsheng3 1. School of Tra?c and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing 100044, p. R. China 2. Dept. of Automation, Taiyuan Univ. of Science & Technology, Taiyuan 030024, p. R. China 3. Advanced Control Systems Lab, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing 100044, p. R. China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong Univ. Beijing 100044 P. R. China Dept. of Automation Taiyuan Univ. of Science & Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China Advanced Control Systems Lab School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong Univ. Beijing 100044 P. R. China

A new adaptive quasi-sliding mode control algorithm is developed for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems, which is especially useful for nonlinear systems with vaguely known dynamics. This design is model-free, and is based directly on pseudo-partial-derivatives derived on-line from the input and output information of the system using an improved recursive projection type of identification algorithm. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the adaptive quasi-sliding mode control system is stable and convergent.

关键词： quasi-sliding mode control adaptive control model-free control pseudo-partial-derivative

SIMULATION OF INVENTORY pOLICY FOR pRODUCT WITH pRICE AND TIME-DEpENDENT DEMAND FOR DETERIORATING ITEM

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第1期3卷 1-30页

作者： D.SHUKLA U.K.KHEDLEKAR R.p.S.CHANDEL S.BHAGWAT Department of Mathematics and Statistics Dr.Hari Singh Gour Central University Sagar M.P.India Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Model Science College Jabalpur M.P.India Department of Business Management Dr.Hari Singh Gour Central University Sagar M.P.India

In a declining market for goods,we optimize the net profit in business when inventory management allows change in the selling prices n times over time *** are computing optimal number of changes in prices,respective optimal prices,and optimal profit in each of the cycle for a deteriorating *** paper theoretically proves that for any business setup there exists an optimal number of price settings for obtaining maximum *** results are supported by numerical examples for different setups(data set)and it is found that for every setup the dynamic pricing policy out-performs the static pricing *** our model,the deterioration factor has been taken into *** deteriorated units are determined by the recurrence *** we studied the effect of different parameters on optimal policy with *** managerial purposes,we have provided some“suggested intervals”for choosing parameters depending upon initial demand,which help to predict the best prices and arrival of customers(demand).

关键词： Dynamic pricing deterioration time-dependent price sensitive demand optimal policy optimal number of change in price

Management of recurrent hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16409-16417页

作者： Miguel Jiménez-pérez Rocío González-Grande Francisco Javier Rando-Mu?oz Liver transplantation and hepatology unit UGC de Aparato Digestivo Hospital Regional Universitario Department of Abdominal Diseases Hospital Nij Smellinghe Ziekenhuis

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of death from liver disease and the leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States and Western Europe. LT represents the best therapeutic alternative for patients with advanced chronic liver disease caused by HCV or those who develop hepatocarcinoma. Reinfection by HCV of the graft is universal and occurs in 95% of transplant patients. This reinfection can compromise graft function and patient survival. In a few cases, the histological recurrence is minimal and non-progressive; however, in most patients it follows a more rapid course than in immunocompetent persons, and frequently evolves into cirrhosis with graft loss. In fact, the five-year and ten-year survival of patients transplanted because of HCV are 75% and 68%, respectively, compared with 85% and 78% in patients transplanted for other reasons. There is also a pattern of recurrence that is very severe, but rare (patitis, which often involves rapid graft loss. patients who present a negative HCV viremia after antiviral treatment have better survival. Many studies published over recent years have shown that antiviral treatment of post-transplant HCV hepatitis carried out during the late phase is the best option for improving the prognosis of these patients. Until 2011, pEGylated interferon plus ribavirin was the standard of care, resulting in a sustained virological response in around 30% of recipients. The addition of protease inhibitors, such as boceprevir or telaprevir, to the standard of care, or the use of other direct-acting antiviral drugs may involve therapeutic changes in the context of HCV recurrence. This may result a better prognosis for these patients, particularly those with severe recurrence or factors predicting rapid progression of fibrosis. However, the use of these agents in LT still requires clarification in terms of safety and efficacy.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Liver transplantation Recurrence Treatment

Occurrence,toxicity,production and detection of Fusarium mycotoxin:a review

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Food production, processing and Nutrition 2019年第1期1卷 79-92页

作者： Fang Ji Dan He A.O.Olaniran M.p.Mokoena Jianhong Xu Jianrong Shi Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and QualityMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation(Nanjing)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and NutritionJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina Discipline of Microbiology School of Life ScienceCollege of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsuChina

Fusarium mycotoxin contamination of both foods and feeds is an inevitable phenomenon ***,nivalenol,zearalenone,T-2 toxin and fumonisin B1 are the most studied Fusarium *** of mycotoxins has also been studied *** mycotoxins occur frequently in foods at very low concentrations,so there is a need to provide sensitive and reliable methods for their early *** present review provides insight on the types,toxicology and occurrence of Fusarium *** further elucidates various detection methods of mycotoxin production from Fusarium strains,with a special focus on chromatographic and immunochemical techniques.

关键词： Fusarium mycotoxins Toxicology Occurrence Detection