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Field Relationships,Geochemistry,Zircon Ages and Evolution of a Late Archaean to palaeoproterozoic Lower Crustal Section in the Hengshan Terrain of Northern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第5期79卷 605-632页

作者： A. KRoNER S.A. WILDE p.j. o＇brien LI jianghai C.W. pASSCHIER N.p. WALTE LIU Dunyi Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany School of Applied Geology Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Potsdam Postfach 601553 D-01553 Potsdam Germany Department of Geology Peking University Beijing 109009 China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037 China

The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses, intruded by mafic dykes of gabbroic composition. Many highly strained rocks were previously misinterpreted as supracrustal sequences and represent mylonitized granitoids and sheared dykes. our single zircon dating documents magmatic granitoid emplacement ages between 2.52 Ga and 2.48 Ga, with rare occurrences of 2.7 Ga gneisses, possibly reflecting an older basement. A few granitic gneisses have emplacement ages between 2.35 and 2.1 Ga and show the same structural features as the older rocks, indicating that the main deformation occurred after -2.1 Ga. Intrusion of gabbroic dykes occurred at -1920 Ma, and all Hengshan rocks underwent granulite-facies metamorphism at 1.88-1.85 Ga, followed by retrogression, sheafing and uplift. We interpret the Hengshan and adjacent Fuping granitoid gneisses as the lower, plutonic, part of a late Archaean to early palaeoproterozoic japan-type magmatic arc, with the upper, volcanic part represented by the nearby Wutai complex. Components of this arc may have evolved at a continental margin as indicated by the 2.7 Ga zircons. Major deformation and Hp metamorphism occurred in the late palaeoproterozoic during the Luliang orogeny when the Eastern and Western blocks of the North China Craton collided to form the Trans-North China orogen. Shear zones in the Hengshan are interpreted as major lower crustal discontinuities post-dating the peak of Hp metamorphism, and we suggest that they formed during orogenic collapse and uplift of the Hengshan complex in the late palaeoproterozoic （〈1.85 Ga）.

关键词： Archaean to palaeoproterozoic geology zircon age Hengshan terrain North China Craton

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Taxonomic species recognition should be consistent

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 17-18页

作者： Stephen j.o'brien Shu-jin Luo Guy Harvey oceanographic Center Halmos College of Arts and Sciences Nova Southeastern University The State Key Laboratory of protein and plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Criteria for species naming have been contentious since the time of Carl *** no clear’right or wrong’convention for species naming,biologists strive to simply convince their *** NSR compendium offers detailed guidance [1-6] that adds quantitative genomic inference to the *** taxonomic assemblages (***,fish,fungi,insects,terrestrial and marine invertebrates,plants,bacteria) are sufficiently distinctive that any generalization is fraught with natural exceptions.

关键词： pHYLoGEoGRApHY

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A near infrared spectroscopy calibration for the prediction of fresh grass quality on Irish pastures

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Information processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 243-253页

作者： Darren j.Murphy Bernadette o’brien Michael o’Donovan Tomas Condon Michael D.Murphy Teagasc Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreMooreparkFermoyCo.CorkIreland Department of process Energy and Transport EngineeringMunster Technological UniversityCorkIreland

The aim of this study was to develop near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)calibrations to predict quality parameters,dry matter(DM,g kg1)and crude protein(Cp,g kg1 DM),in fresh un-dried *** of these parameters would enable more precise allocation of quality herbage to grazing *** ryegrass samples(n=1615)were collected over the 2017 and 2018 grazing seasons at Teagasc Moorepark to develop a NIRS calibration *** samples were collected for an independent validation dataset(n=197)during the 2019 grazing *** were scanned using a FoSS 6500 spectrometer at 2 nm intervals in the range of 1100~2500 nm and absorption was recorded as log 1/Reflec*** wet chemistry analysis was carried out for both parameters and the resultant data were calibrated against spectral data by means of modified partial least squares regression.A range of mathematical spectral treatments were examined for each calibration,which were ranked in order of standard error of prediction(SEp)and ratio of percent deviation(RpD).Best performing calibrations achieved high predictive precision for DM(R2=0.86 SEp=9.46 g kg1,RpD=2.60)and moderate precision for Cp(R2=0.84 SEp=20.38 g kg1 DM,RpD=2.37).These calibrations will aid the optimisation of grassland management and the development of precision agricultural technologies.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy Fresh grass analysis Grassland management Grass quality precision agriculture

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野外农场工作站:一个新的农业生态试验点的空间结构

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journal of plant Ecology 2022年第6期15卷 1118-1124页

作者： Michael j.o’brien Elisa p.Carbonell Christian Schöb Biology GeologyPhysics and Inorganic ChemistryÁrea de Biodiversidad y ConservaciónUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosMóstolesSpain Asociación Aprisco Torrejón el RubioSpain Agroecology Solutions S.L. Torrejón el RubioSpain

Dehesa生态系统对整个伊比利亚半岛有着重要的社会和经济价值。在气候变化下评估该系统的时间动态对于维护和保护这些极具价值的生态系统非常重要。本论文展示了Dehesa生态系统一个观测样点的基础数据,这些数据为在Dehesa生态系统内进... 详细信息

Dehesa生态系统对整个伊比利亚半岛有着重要的社会和经济价值。在气候变化下评估该系统的时间动态对于维护和保护这些极具价值的生态系统非常重要。本论文展示了Dehesa生态系统一个观测样点的基础数据,这些数据为在Dehesa生态系统内进行长期动态监测,以及开展检验森林恢复力驱动机制的实验模拟奠定了基础。初步调查表明,Dehesa的森林结构是典型的,说明其是研究该生态系统时间动态的典型样地。我们展示这些基础数据是为了鼓励国际科学家通过直接实验项目或meta分析进行合作。

关键词：农业 Dehesa 经济价值冬青栎(Quercus ilex) 空间结构时间动态树林

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parallel loop recovery with quiescent compensation for high performance feedback control of systems with imperfect actuators

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Control Theory and Technology 2019年第3期17卷 201-215页

作者： Y.V.o'brien j.F.o'brien Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wyoming Laramie WY 82073 U.S.A.

Actuator limits and imperfections introduce multiple nonlinearities in a feedback *** standard mild-feedback systems (e.g.,pID) are intrinsically robust to such nonlinearities,the stability of large feedback systems is *** eliminates from consideration the usage of imperfect actuators in large feedback applications and available disturbance rejection as a result is not *** implementation of multiple-path nonlinear dynamic compensation (NDC),however,allows the combination of large feedback and imperfect actuation and is the focus of this *** nonlinearities due to actuator imperfection are often difficult to model,the stability of the NDC systems is assessed using multivariable absolute stability *** features of a parallel loop recovery system with loop transmission modulus reduction compensation in the quiescent condition are compared to an alternative approach of strict modulus reduction via nonlinear compensation for stability *** of the loop recovery approach is illustrated using experimental data from a voice-coil actuated disturbance rejection system.

关键词： Feedback control imperfect actuators nonlinear dynamic compensation

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The overview of antimicrobial peptide-coated implants against oral bacterial infections

聚集体(英文)

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聚集体(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 3-18页

作者： Zhe Sun Li Ma Xiaodong Sun Alastair j.Sloan Neil M.o’brien-Simpson Wenyi Li Department of Stomatology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina Department of Endodontics Gaoxin branch of Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandongChina Melbourne Dental School Division of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia ACTV Research Group Melbourne Dental SchoolDivision of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and BiotechnologyThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia

Dental implants are the most common therapeutic approach for resolving tooth loss and *** technical advances in treatment,implant failure rates can be as high as 23%with the major cause of peri-implantitis:a multi-species bacterial *** an annual growth rate in implant placements of 8.78%per annum,implant failure caused by bacterial infection is a significant oral and general health *** rise in antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria further adds pressure to implant failure;thus,there is a need for adjunctive therapy to improve implant *** to the broad spectrum of activity and a low risk of inducing bacterial resistance,peptide antibiotics are emerging as a promising implant coating material to reduce/prevent peri-implantitis and improve dental implant success *** this review,we summarised the current strategies of coating antimicrobial peptides(AMps)onto dental implant material surfaces with multi-functional properties to enhance osteoblast growth and prevent bacterial *** review compared the recent reported literature on dental implant coating with AMps,which will provide an overview of the current dental implant coating strategies using AMps and insights for future clinical applications.

关键词： antimicrobial coating antimicrobial peptides dental implants implant-associated infection peptide release peri-implant disease

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Impaired glymphatic function in the early stages of disease in a TDp-43 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 707-717页

作者： Akram Zamani Adam K.Walker Ben Rollo Katie L.Ayers Raysha Farah Terence j.o’brien David K.Wright Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Queensland Brain Institute The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia The Murdoch Children’s Research Institute The Royal Children’s HospitalParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Department of pediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Department of Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3052Australia

Background: Multiple lines of evidence suggest possible impairment of the glymphatic system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To investigate this, we used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess glymphatic func-tion early in the course of disease in a transgenic mouse with doxycycline (Dox)-controlled expression of cytoplasmic human TDp-43 (hTDp-43ΔNLS), mimicking the key pathology implicated in ALS. Methods: Adult TDp-43 transgenic and littermate monogenic control mice underwent longitudinal multimodal MRI one and three weeks after the cessation of Dox feed, together with weekly rotarod assessments of motor per-formance. Glymphatic function was assessed using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to track the clearance of an MR contrast agent injected into the cisterna magna. Results: Compared to their littermate controls, TDp-43 mice exhibited progressive neurodegeneration including that within the primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex and corticospinal tract, significant weight loss includ-ing gastrocnemius atrophy, and shortened telomere length. Furthermore, in the presence of this ALS-like phenotype, these mice have significantly disrupted glymphatic function. Conclusions: Although the relationship between glymphatic clearance and ALS disease progression remains to be elucidated, these changes occurred very early in the disease course. This provides initial evidence to suggest that the glymphatic system might be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of ALS.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion-weighted imaging Neurodegeneration Cerebrospinal fluid Telomere

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Tipping points among social learners： Tools from varied disciplines

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 298-306页

作者： R. Alexander BENTLEY Michael j. o＇brien Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1UU UK Department of Anthropology University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA

There is a long and rich tradition in the social sciences of using models of collective behavior in animals as jumping-off points for the study of human behavior, including collective human behavior. Here, we come at the problem in a slightly different fashion. We ask whether models of collective human behavior have anything to offer those who study animal behavior. our brief example of tipping points, a model first developed in the physical sciences and later used in the social sciences, suggests that the analysis of human collective behavior does indeed have considerable to offer [Current Zoology58 (2): 298–306, 2012].

关键词：社会科学引爆人类行为工具学习行为模式动物行为物理科学

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Applying molecular genetic tools to tiger conservation

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 351-362页

作者： Shu-jin LUo Warren E.joHNSoN Stephen j.o’brien School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory of Genomic Diversity National Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA

The utility of molecular genetic approaches in conservation of endangered taxa is now commonly *** the past decade,conservation genetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA sequencing and microsatellite genotyping have provided powerful tools to resolve taxonomy uncertainty of tiger subspecies,to define conservation units,to reconstruct phylogeography and demographic history,to examine the genetic ancestry of extinct subspecies,to assess population genetic status non-invasively,and to verify genetic background of captive tigers *** genetic status of tiger subspecies and populations and implications for developing strategies for the survival of this charismatic species both in situ and ex situ are discussed.

关键词： conservation genetics mitochondrial DNA microsatellite subspecies tiger

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Habitual sedentary time and stationary time are inversely related to aerobic fitness

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 260-266页

作者： Myles W.o'brien Madeline E.Shivgulam jennifer L.petterson Yanlin Wua Ryan j.Frayne Said Mekari Derek S.Kimmerly Division of Kinesiology School of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Department of Family Medicine Universitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

A one metabolic-equivalent-of-task increase in peak aerobic fitness(peak MET)is associated with a clinically relevant improvement in survival risk and all-cause *** co-dependent impact of free-living physical behaviours on aerobic fitness are poorly *** purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of theoretically re-allocating time spent in physical behaviours on aerobic *** hypothesized that substituting sedentary time with any physical activity(at any intensity)would be associated with a predicted improvement in aerobic *** volume rate of oxygen uptake(Vo_(2)peak)was assessed via indirect calorimetry during a progressive,maximal cycle ergometer protocol in 103 adults(52 females;[38±21]years;[25.0±3.8]kg/m^(2);Vo_(2)peak:[35.4±11.5]ml⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1)).Habitual sedentary time,standing time,light-(LpA),moderate-(MpA),and vigorous-physical activity(VpA)were assessed 24-h/day via thigh-worn inclinometry for up to one week(average:[6.3±0.9]days).Isotemporal substitution modelling examined the impact of replacing one physical behaviour with *** time(β=0.8,95%CI:[-1.3,-0.2])and standing time(β=0.9,95%CI:[-1.6,-0.2])were negatively associated with Vo_(2)peak,whereas VpA was positively associated with relative Vo_(2)peak(β=9.2,95%CI:[0.9,17.6]).Substituting 30-min/day of VpA with any other behaviour was associated with a 2.4–3.4 higher peak *** standing time was associated with a lower aerobic *** little as 10-min/day of VpA predicted a clinically relevant 0.8–1.1 peak MET ***,replacing any time with relatively small amounts of VpA is associated with improvements in aerobic fitness.

关键词： physical activity intensity Cardiorespiratory fitness objective activity monitoring Sedentary activity Isotemporal substitution modelling

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