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Linguistic Single-Valued Neutrosophic power Aggregation Operators and Their Applications to Group Decision-Making problems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第2期7卷 546-558页

作者： Harish garg Nancy School of Mathematics Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology Deemed University

Linguistic single-valued neutrosophic set(LSVNS)is a more reliable tool,which is designed to handle the uncertainties of the situations involving the qualitative *** the present manuscript,we introduce some power aggregation operators(AOs)for the LSVNSs,whose purpose is to diminish the influence of inevitable arguments about the decision-making *** it,first we develop some averaging power operators,namely,linguistic single-valued neutrosophic(LSVN)power averaging,weighted average,ordered weighted average,and hybrid averaging AOs along with their desirable ***,we extend it to the geometric power AOs for *** on the proposed work;an approach to solve the group decision-making problems is given along with the numerical ***,a comparative study and the validity tests are present to discuss the reliability of the proposed operators.

关键词： Aggregation operator(AO) group decision making linguistic neutrosophic numbers neutrosophic set power operators

pERFACT procedure:A new concept to treat highly complex anal fistula

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第13期21卷 4020-4029页

作者： pankaj garg Mahak garg Indus Super Specialty Hospital Haryana 134113India

AIM: To check the efficacy of the pERFACT procedure in highly complex ***: The pERFACT procedure(proximal superficial cauterization, emptying regularly fistula tracts and curettage of tracts) entails two steps: superficial cauterization of mucosa at and around the internal opening and keeping all the tracts clean. The principle is to permanently close the internal opening by granulation tissue. This is achieved by superficial electrocauterization at and around the internal opening and subsequently allowing the wound to heal by secondary intention. Along with this, all the tracts are curetted and it is ensured that they remain empty and clean in the postoperative period until they heal completely. The latter step also facilitates the closure of the internal opening by preventing collected fluid in the tracts from entering the internal opening and thus not letting it close. Objective incontinence scoring was done preoperatively and 3 mo after the ***: Fifty-one patients with complex fistula-inano were prospectively enrolled. The median followup was 9 mo(5-14 mo). The mean age was 42.7 ± 11.3 years. Male:female ratio was 43:8. Fistula was recurrent in 76.5%(39/51), horseshoe in 50.1%(26/51), had multiple tracts in 52.9%(27/51), had an associated abscess in 41.2%(21/51), was anterior in 33.3%(17/51), the internal opening was not found in 15.7%(8/51) and 9.8%(5/51) of fistulas had a supralevator extension. Seven patients were excluded(5 lost to follow up, 2 with tuberculosis leading to/associated with fistula-in-ano). The success rate was 79.5%(35/44) and the recurrence rate was 20.5%(9/44). Out of these recurrences, three underwent reoperation(2 pERFACT procedure, 1 fistulotomy) and all three were successful. Thus, the overall success rate was 86.4%. The only complication was a non-healing tract in 9.1%(4/44) of patients. There was no significant change in objective incontinence scores three months after the operation. The pain was minim

关键词： Anal fistula Fistula-in-ano Incontinence Recurrent

Characterization of value-added chemicals derived from the thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation of sewage sludge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 185-198页

作者： Milan Malhotra Anurag garg Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowai Mumbai 400076India

We evaluated the effect of hydrothermal pretreatments,i.e.,thermal hydrolysis(TH)and wet oxidation(WO)on sewage sludge to promote resource *** hydrothermal processes were performed under mild temperature conditions(140°C–180°C)in a high pressure *** reaction in acidic environment(pH=3.3)suppressed the formation of the color imparting undesirable Maillard’s *** oxidative conditions resulted in higher volatile suspended solids(VSS)reduction(~90%)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal(~55%)whereas TH caused VSS and COD removals of~65%and~27%,respectively at a temperature of 180°*** TH,the concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins in treated sludge were 400–1000 mg/L and 1500–2500 mg/L,***,WO resulted in solids solubilization followed by oxidative degradation of organics into smaller molecular weight carboxylic acids such as acetic acid(~400–500 mg/L).Based on sludge transformation products generated during the hydrothermal pretreatments,simplified reaction pathways are ***,the application of macromolecules(such as proteins),VFAs and nutrients present in the treated sludge are also *** future study should focus on the development of economic recovery methods for various value-added compounds.

关键词： Hydrothermal pretreatment Reaction kinetics Reaction pathway Sewage sludge Thermal hydrolysis Wet oxidation

garg incontinence scores: New scoring system on the horizon to evaluate fecal incontinence. Will it make a difference?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 204-210页

作者： petr Tsarkov Inna Tulina parvez Sheikh Darya D Shlyk pankaj garg Department of Colorectal Surgery Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Department of Oncologic Colorectal Surgery Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Department of Colorectal Surgery Saifee HospitalMumbai 400004MaharashtraIndia Department of Colorectal Surgery Garg Fistula Research InstitutePanchkula 134113HaryanaIndia

The main aim of this opinion review is to comment on the recent article published by garg et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:4593–*** authors in the published article developed a new scoring system,garg incon-tinence scores(GIS),for fecal incontinence(FI).FI is a chronic debilitating disease that has a severe negative impact on the quality of life of the *** IV criteria define FI as multiple episodes of solid or liquid stool passed into the clothes at least twice a *** associated social stigmatization often leads to significant under-reporting of the condition,which further impairs *** important point is that the complexity and vagueness of the disease make it difficult for the patients to properly define and report the magnitude of the problem to their *** to this,the management becomes even more *** issue is resolved up to a considerable extent by a scoring *** were several scoring systems in use for the last three *** prominent of them were the Cleveland Clinic scoring system or the Wexner scoring system,*** Hospital or Vaizey’s scores,and the FI severity ***,there were several shortcomings in these scoring *** the opinion review,we tried to analyze the strength of GIS and compare it to the existing scoring *** main pitfalls in the existing scoring systems were that most of them gave equal weightage to different types of FI(solid,liquid,flatus,etc.),were not comprehensive,and took only the surgeon’s perception of FI into *** GIS,almost all shortcomings of previous scoring systems had been addressed:different weights were assigned to different types of FI by a robust statistical methodology;the scoring system was made comprehensive by including all types of FI that were previously omitted(urge,stress and mucus FI)and gave priority to patients’rather than the physicians’perceptions while developing the scoring *** to this,GIS in

关键词： Fecal incontinence Scoring system Urge Stress Flatus

Suitable triggering algorithms for detecting strong ground motions using MEMS accelerometers

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2015年第1期14卷 27-35页

作者： Ravi Sankar Jakka Siddharth garg Department of Earthquake Engineering Indian Institute of Technology

With the recent development of digital Micro Electro Mechanical System （MEMS） sensors, the cost of monitoring and detecting seismic events in real time can be greatly reduced. Ability of MEMS accelerograph to record a seismic event depends upon the efficiency of triggering algorithm, apart from the sensor＇s sensitivity. There are several classic triggering algorithms developed to detect seismic events, ranging from basic amplitude threshold to more sophisticated pattern recognition. Algorithms based on STA/LTA are reported to be computationally efficient for real time monitoring. In this paper, we analyzed several STA/LTA algorithms to check their efficiency and suitability using data obtained from the Quake Catcher Network （network of MEMS accelerometer stations）. We found that most of the STA/LTA algorithms are suitable for use with MEMS accelerometer data to accurately detect seismic events. However, the efficiency of any particular algorithm is found to be dependent on the parameter set used （i.e., window width of STA, LTA and threshold level）.

关键词： strong ground motion triggering algorithms seismic event detection MEMS accelerometers STA/LTA based algorithms

E-Learning during COVID-19 Outbreak: Cloud Computing Adoption in Indian public Universities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2471-2492页

作者： Amit Kumar Bhardwaj Lalit garg Arunesh garg Yuvraj Gajpal L.M.Thapar School of Management Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyDera BassiPunjabIndia Faculty of Information&Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta Supply Chain Management Asper School of BusinessUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegCanada

In the COVID-19 pandemic situation,the need to adopt cloud computing(CC)applications by education institutions,in general,and higher education(HE)institutions,in particular,has especially increased to engage students in an online mode and remotely carrying out *** adoption of CC across various sectors,including HE,has been picking momentum in the developing countries in the last few *** the Indian context,the CC adaptation in the HE sector(HES)remains a less thoroughly explored sector,and no comprehensive study is reported in the ***,the aim of the present study is to overcome this research vacuum and examine the factors that impact the CC adoption(CCA)by HE institutions(HEIs)in *** scope of the study is limited to public universities(pUs)in *** are,in total,465 Indian pUs and among these 304 pUs,(i.e.,65%pUs)are surveyed using questionnaire-based *** study has put forth a novel integrated technology adoption framework consisting of the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM),Technology-Organization-Environment(TOE),and Diffusion of Innovation(DOI)in the context of the *** integrated TAM-TOE-DOI framework is utilized in the study to analyze eleven hypotheses concerning factors of CCA that have been tested using structural equation modelling(SEM)and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).The findings reveal that competitive advantage(CA),technology compatibility(TC),technology readiness(TR),senior leadership support,security concerns,government support,and vendor support are the significant contributing factors of CCA by Indian *** study contends that whereas the rest of the factors positively affect the pUs’intention towards CCA,security concerns are a significant reason for the reluctance of these universities against adopting *** findings demonstrated the application of an integrated TAM-TOE-DOI framework to assess determining factors of CCA in Indian ***,the study has given useful insights into the suc

关键词： Cloud computing higher education institutions public universities adoption techniques TAM TOE DOI structural equation modeling(SEM)

Assessing forest fragmentation in north-western Himalaya:a case study from Ranikhet forest range,Uttarakhand,India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 319-327页

作者： Mohit Sharma Anusheema Chakraborty J.K.garg p.K.Joshi University School of Environment Management Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Department of Natural Resources TERI University School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University

The northwestern Himalaya harbors high levels of biodiversity due to its unique topography, climatic conditions and heterogeneity. Forest fragmentation is one of the major threats causing a decline in biodiversity in the Himalayan region. We assesses forest fragmentation and changes in land use land cover（LULC） patterns using multi-temporal satellite data over a time span of four decades（1976–2013）. Fragmentation analysis using the Landscape Fragmentation Tool（LFT） reveals a decrease in core and edge areas by 14 and 2.3 %, respectively; while an increase in non-forest, patch area and perforation area by 2.1, 0.4, and 14 %, respectively. The LULC dynamics show that the areas under dense forest and scrub forest have decreased by 2.8 % and 1.9 %, respectively; and there is an increase in open forest, crop land and fallow land area by 2.6, 1.7 and 2.1 %, respectively. The quantification of landscape heterogeneity is undertaken with the help of landscape metrics computed using FRAGSTATS at class and landscape level, showing signs of increased fragmentation. Our study provides baseline database that can support the future biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management initiatives.

关键词： fragmentation landscape patch biodiversity heterogeneity Himalayan climatic FRAGSTATS showing northwestern