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identification of a CD4 T-cell epitope in the hemagglutinin stalk domain of pandemic H 1N 1 influenza virus and its antigen-driven TCR usage signature in BALB/c mice

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2017年第6期14卷 511-520页

作者： i-Na Lu Sophie Farinelle Aurelie Sausy Claude p Muller Department of infection and immunity Luxembourg Institute of Health Esch-sur-Alzette L-4354 Luxembourg

The stalk region of the influenza virus hemagglutinin is relatively well conserved compared with the globular head domain, which makes it a potential target for use as a universal vaccine against influenza. However, the role of CD4 T cells in the hemagglutinin stalk-specific immune response is not clear. Here we identified a mouse CD4 T-cell epitope that encompasses residues HA2113-131 from the hemagglutinin stalk domain after a sub-lethal infection of influenza. in response to stimulation with the identified epitope, splenocytes derived from the infected mice showed significant polyfunctionality as shown by iL-2, TNF-a and iFN-7 production as well as degranulation. Moreover, mice immunized with the peptide corresponding to this CD4 T-cell epitope exhibited interindividual sharing of the CD4 T-cell receptor i~ sequences, and they had a higher survival rate following a challenge with a lethal dose of pandemic H iN 1 influenza virus. Thus, our data demonstrated a crucial role of hemagglutinin stalk-specific CD4 T cells in the host immune resoonse a^ainst influenza virus infection.

关键词： H1N1 hemagglutinin influenza T-cell receptor

Fracture toughness estimation of ballast stone used in iranian railway

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 892-899页

作者： i.Ferestade p.Hosseini Tehrani R.Heidary Railway Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran

Ballast is a layer composed of crushed stone basically with diameters of 20-60 mm,on which sleepers and rails are *** is used to withstand vertical,horizontal and lateral forces applied on sleepers and to hold the line in operative *** deterioration induced by crashed stones is a major issue of track instability as the ballast layer quality depending on the materials used and their densities should be focused ***,ballast should be resistant against loads applied,and the fracture toughness of ballast stone is of great *** this purpose,the fracture toughness of two kinds of ballast stones used in iranian railway,***(limestone) and Anjylavnd(andesite),is investigated experimentally in this *** quality of ballast stone is evaluated in different weather *** results shown that the Anjylavnd stone is more appropriate for rainy and cold weather when there is a probability of fracturing due to frozen water captured in ballast.

关键词： Ballast Fracture toughness Crack Freezing

Using a 3-D multicellular simulation of spinal cord injury with live cell imaging to study the neural immune barrier to nanoparticle uptake

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Nano Research 2016年第8期9卷 2384-2397页

作者： Alan p. Weightman Stuart i. Jenkins Divya M. Chari Cellular and Neural Engineering Group Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine Huxley Building Keele University Keele ST55BG UK

Development of nanoparticle （Np） based therapies to promote regeneration in sites of central nervous system （CNS; i.e, brain and spinal cord） pathology relies critically on the availability of experimental models that offer biologically valid predictions of Np fate in vivo. However, there is a major lack of biological models that mimic the pathological complexity of target neural sites in vivo, particularly the responses of resident neural immune cells to Nps. Here, we have utilised a previously developed in vitro model of traumatic spinal cord injury （based on 3-D organotypic slice arrays） with dynamic time lapse imaging to reveal in real-time the acute cellular fate of Nps within injury foci. We demonstrate the utility of our model in revealing the well documented phenomenon of avid Np sequestration by the intrinsic immune cells of the CNS （the microglia）. Such immune sequestration is a known translational barrier to the use of Np-based therapeutics for neurological injury. Accordingly, we suggest that the utility of our model in mimicking microglial sequestration behaviours offers a valuable investigative tool to evaluate strategies to overcome this cellular response within a simple and biologically relevant experimental system, whilst reducing the use of live animal neurological injury models for such studies.

关键词： organotypic slice culture microglia immune barrier corticosteroid dexamethasone time lapse microscopy

Formation of Nanoscale intermetallic phases in Ni Surface Layer at High intensity implantation of Al ions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第5期20卷 583-586页

作者： i.A.Bozhko S.V.Fortuna i.A.Kurzina i.B.Stepanov E.V.Kozlov Yu.p.Sharkeev Tomsk State University of Architecture & Building 2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaNuclear Physics InstituteTomsk Polytechnic University2a Lenin Str.Tomsk 634050RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003.RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials ScienceRussian Academy of Sciences2/1 Pr.AkademicheskiiTomsk 634021Russia

The results of experimental study of nanoscale intermetallic formation in surface layer of a metal target at ion implantation are presented. To increase the thickness of the ion implanted surface layer the high intensive ion implantation is used. Compared with the ordinary ion implantation, the high intensive ion implantation allows a much thicker modified surface layer. pure polycrystalline nickel was chosen as a target. Nickel samples were irradiated with Al ions on the vacuum-arc ion beam and plasma flow source 'Raduga-5'. it was shown that at the high intensity ion implantation the fine dispersed particles of Ni3Ai, NiAl intermetallic compounds and solid solution Al in Ni are formed in the nickel surface layer of 200 nm and thicker. The formation of phases takes place in complete correspondence with the Ni-Ai phase diagram.

关键词： High intensive ion implantation ion-plasma source intermetallic nanophases

Hydrogen transport in metals: integration of permeation, thermal desorption and degassing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第12期33卷 1433-1447页

作者： E.i.Galindo-Nava B.i.Y.Basha p.E.J.Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Department of Engineering Lancaster University

A modelling suite for hydrogen transport during electrochemical permeation, degassing and thermal desorption spectroscopy is presented. The approach is based on Fick＇s diffusion laws, where the initial concentration and diffusion coefficients depend on microstructure and charging conditions. The evolution equations are shown to reduce to classical models for hydrogen diffusion and thermal desorption spectroscopy. The number density of trapping sites is found to be proportional to the mean spacing of each microstructural feature, including dislocations, grain boundaries and various precipitates. The model is validated with several steel grades and polycrystalline nickel for a wide range of processing conditions and microstructures. A systematic study of the factors affecting hydrogen mobility in martensitic steels showed that dislocations control the effective diffusion coefficient of hydrogen. However,they also release hydrogen into the lattice more rapidly than other kind of traps. it is suggested that these effects contribute to the increased susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement in martensitic and other high-strength steels. These results show that the methodology can be employed as a tool for alloy and process design, and that dislocation kinematics play a crucial role in such design.

关键词： Hydrogen Diffusion Modelling Trapping permeation Desorption

Effect of Nb addition on the microstructural,mechanical and electrochemical characteristics of AlCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第10期27卷 1332-1340页

作者： N.Malatji A.p.i.popoola T.Lengopeng S.pityana Tshwane University of Technology PretoriaSouth Africa Council for Scientific and industrial Research PretoriaSouth Africa

AlCrFeNiCuNbx(x=0.05,0.15,and 0.26)high-entropy alloys(HEAs)were successfully fabricated using the laser metal deposition *** laser power of 1600 W and scanning speed of 1.2 m/min were used during laser processing of the *** microstructural,mechanical,and electrochemical characteristics of the alloys were evaluated using various advanced characterization *** showed that the alloys exhibited a dual-phase structure with dendritic *** inclusion of Nb in the AlCrFeNiCu alloy matrix promoted the formation of fine eutectic structures and changed the shape of the grains from columnar to *** Cu content decreased with the increase in the content of Nb,whereas the Al content increased with the increase in the content of *** findings indicated that the presence of Nb in the alloy promoted the formation and enhanced the stability of the body-centered cubic(bcc)*** of the alloys that contained Nb also exhibited high hardness,compressive strength,and wear ***,the low current density and positive shift in potential exhibited by HEAs with appropriate addition of Nb highlighted the superior anticorrosive properties.

关键词： high-entropy alloys microstructure microhardness friction wear loss corrosion resistance

Environmental performance assessments of different methods of coal preparation for use in small-capacity boilers: experiment and theory

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international Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第5期10卷 57-71页

作者： A.N.Kozlov E.p.Maysyuk i.Yu.ivanova Melentiev Energy Systems institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Irkutsk130Lermontov664033Russia

The purpose of this article is to receive environmental assessments of combustion of different types of coal fuel depending on the preparation(unscreened,size-graded,briquetted and heat-treated)in automated boilers and boilers with manual *** assessments were made on the basis of data obtained from experimental methods of coal preparation and calculated methods of determining the amount of pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions,as well as the mass of ash and slag *** main pollutants from coal combustion are calculated:particulate matter,benz(a)pyrene,nitrogen oxides,sulfur dioxide,carbon *** the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide is *** a result of conducted research it is shown that the simplest preliminary preparation(size-graded)of coal significantly improves combustion efficiency and environmental performance:emissions are reduced by 13%for hard coal and up to 20%for brown *** introduction of automated boil-ers with heat-treated coal in small boiler facilities allows to reduce emissions and ash and slag waste by 2-3 *** best environmental indicators correspond to heat-treated lignite,which is characterized by the absence of sulfur dioxide emissions.

关键词： Coal preparation Automated and hand-fed coal boilers Environmental performance metrics

processes underlying the laser photochromic effect in colloidal plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates

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Chinese physics B 2020年第3期29卷 412-419页

作者： A E Ershov V S Gerasimov i L isaev A p Gavrilyuk S V Karpov institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS 660036KrasnoyarskRussia Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk660041Russia Kirensky institute of physics Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS660036KrasnoyarskRussia Siberian State University of Science and Technology Krasnoyarsk 660014Russia

We have studied the dynamic and static processes occurring in disordered multiparticle colloidal Ag aggregates with natural structure and affecting their plasmonic absorption spectra under pico-and nanosecond pulsed laser radiations, as well as the physical origin responsible for these processes. We have shown that depending on the duration of the laser pulse,the mechanisms of laser modification of such aggregates can be associated both with changes in the resonant properties of the particles due to their heating and melting(picosecond irradiation mode) and with the particle shifts in the resonant domains of the aggregates(nanosecond pulses) which depend on the wavelength, intensity, and polarization of the *** mechanisms result in formation of a narrow dip in the plasmonic absorption spectrum of the aggregates near the laser radiation wavelength and affect the shape and position of the dip. The effect of polydispersity of nanoparticle aggregates on laser photochromic reaction has been studied.

关键词： nanoparticle surface plasmon resonance photochromic process pulsed laser radiation

Effect of Thermo-Mechanical processing on precipitate Formation in Next Generation HSLA Steel

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Journal of iron and Steel Research international 2011年第S1期18卷 478-481页

作者： Mukherjee S Timokhina i B Ringer S p Hodgson p D Centre for Material and Fibre innovation Deakin UniversityGeelongVic 3217Australia Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of SydneyNSWAustralia

Development of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) using a conventional rolling setup is one of the biggest challenges to steel *** has been found that fine precipitation in a soft matrix,formed after hot rolling,can markedly improve the mechanical *** this work,three dimensional atom probe tomography (3D-ApT) has been used to study the formation of precipitates in thermomechanically simulated steel.3D-ApT data reveals co-existence of numerous nano clusters with ***,quantitative analysis of the nano clusters and precipitates shows clusters are as small as 1nm in *** are found to be disc shaped with the composition of equilibrium precipitates (TiMo)***,3D-ApT is seen as an ideal technique to complement TEM to understand the nanoscale features in thermomechanically processed steel for further improvements in the mechanical properties of AHSS.

关键词： TMCp 3D-ApT precipitate cluster