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Towards an ultrafast 3D imaging scanning liDAr system:a review

photonics research 2024年第8期12卷 1709-1729页

作者： ZhI li YAQI hAn licAn WU ZIhAn ZAnG MAOlin DAI SZE YUn SET ShInJI YAMAShITA QIAn li h.Y.FU Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan research center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of TokyoTokyo 153-8904Japan School of Electronic and computer Engineering Peking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

light detection and ranging(liDAr),as a hot imaging technology in both industry and academia,has undergone rapid innovation and *** current mainstream direction is towards system miniaturization and *** are many metrics that can be used to evaluate the performance of a liDAr system,such as lateral resolution,ranging accuracy,stability,size,and *** recently,with the continuous enrichment of liDAr application scenarios,the pursuit of imaging speed has attracted tremendous research ***,for autonomous vehicles running on motorways or industrial automation applications,the imaging speed of liDAr systems is a critical *** this review,we will focus on discussing the upper speed limit of the liDAr *** on the working mechanism,the limitation of optical parts on the maximum imaging speed is *** beam scanner has the greatest impact on imaging *** provide the working principle of current popular beam scanners used in liDAr systems and summarize the main constraints on the scanning ***,we highlight the spectral scanning liDAr as a new paradigm of ultrafast ***,to further improve the imaging speed,we then review the parallel detection methods,which include multiple-detector schemes and multiplexing ***,we summarize the liDAr systems with the fastest point acquisition rate reported *** the outlook,we address the current technical challenges for ultrafast liDAr systems from different aspects and give a brief analysis of the feasibility of different approaches.

关键词： liDAr scanner system

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rBc aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov p.B.Ermolinskiy O.n.Scheglovitova n.n.Sklyankina A.V.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.priezzhev Faculty of physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia n.F.Gamaleya national research center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

red blood cells(rBcs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,rBc properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(nO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(Ec)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the rBc-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced nO on rBc aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the nO e®ect on rBc aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** rBc aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of Ec were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The rBc deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that nO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only nO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of rBc aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of nO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,nO decreased the rBc-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of rBc adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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Single-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao li chun-hsien chEn Kam K.h.nG Xin YUAn cho Yin YIU human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a single pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** changes in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding single-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-pilot Operations(DpO)to Single-pilot Operations(SpO)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded using a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in SpO were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial SpO measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating SpO-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering Single pilot operations Behaviour changes Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

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Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： raphael h.O.Araujo Andre O.Werneck Gilmar M.de Jesus Danilo r.p.Silva Graduation program in health Sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil School of public health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia center for Epidemiological research in nutrition and health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of psychological Medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK public health post-Graduate program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Department of physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristovao 490100-000Brazil

We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and health *** article started an important discussion about a physical activity(pA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to pA *** we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for pA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to pA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.

关键词： promotion inequalities furthermore

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network Embedding Algorithm for Vulnerability Assessment of power Transmission lines Using Integrated Structure and Attribute Information

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cSEE Journal of power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 351-360页

作者： Xianglong lian Tong Qian Zepeng li Xingyu chen Wenhu Tang Q.h.Wu School of Electric power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

In power systems,failures of vulnerable lines can trigger large-scale cascading failures,and vulnerability assessment is dedicated to locating these lines and reducing the risks of such *** on a structure and attribute network embedding(SAnE)algorithm,a novel quantitative vulnerability analysis method is proposed to identify vulnerable lines in this ***,a two-layered random walk network with topological and electrical properties of transmission lines is ***,based on the weighted degree of nodes in the two-layered network,the inter-layer and intra-layer walking transition probabilities are developed to obtain walk ***,a Word2Vec algorithm is applied to obtain lowdimension vectors representing transmission lines,according to obtained walk sequences for calculating the vulnerability index of transmissions ***,the proposed method is compared with three widely used methods in two test *** show the network embedding based method is superior to those comparison methods and can provide guidance for identifying vulnerable lines.

关键词： network embedding random walk transmission lines vulnerability assessment

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Spatial distributions of soil nutrients affected by land use,topography and their interactions,in the Loess plateau of china

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International Soil and Water conservation research 2024年第1期12卷 227-239页

作者： Wenxin Zhou changjia li Wenwu Zhao lindsay c.Stringer Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface processes and resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkYorkUK York Environmental Sustainability Institute University of YorkYorkUK

Soil nutrient availability and their spatial distributions are strongly related to land use and landscape *** study aims to address the knowledge gap regarding the interaction between these factors and the underlying *** selected five land uses(grassland with Artemisia gmelinii,woodland with robinia pseudoacacia,shrubland with caragana korshinskii and hippophae rhamnoides,and apple orchard with Malus pumila)and nine slope positions across hillslopes in the Loess plateau,china,to investigate their combined effects on the contents and stocks of soil organic carbon(SOc),total nitrogen(Tn)and total phosphorus(Tp).parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were conducted to determine the significant differences in the means or the medians of the soil nutrient *** showed that the SOc and Tn contents of shrubland with caragana korshinskii were statistically significantly greater than those of the grassland(pc and Tn contents generally decreased from the upper slope to the middle slope,and to the foot slope for the grassland,woodland and shrublands,and on the contrary,an increasing trend from the upper slope,to the middle slope,and to the foot slope was identified for the apple *** study highlights that land use,slope position and their interaction have significant effects on the spatial distributions of soil *** provides essential empirical evidence for the identification of the optimal vegetation type and slope positions in land management and vegetation restoration activities.

关键词： Soil organic carbon Total nitrogen Total phosphorus Slope position Vegetation restoration

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and planetary physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli c.Bicknell c.Bouldin G.Branduardi-raymont T.crawford J.p.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher r.canchal J.A.carter A.cheney Y.collado-Vega h.connor T.crawford n.Eaton c.Feldman c.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov c.Gordillo h-p.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.hailey D.hall r.hampson J.hasiba O.hetherington A.holland S-Y.hsieh M.W.J.hubbard h.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz c.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas hesse r.nakamura K.Oksavik n.Østgaard h.Ottacher r.Ottensamer c.pagani S.parsons p.patel J.pearson G.peikert F.S.porter T.pouliantis B.h.Qureshi W.raab G.randal A.M.read n.M.M.roque M.E.rostad c.runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard r.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller Tianran Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton c.Wang S.Yang School of physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria national Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEc European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John hopkins University Applied physics Laboratory MD 20723USA nASA/Goddard Space Flight centre MD 20771USA center for Space physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China centro de Astrobiologia(cAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the chinese Academy of Sciences(cAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind charge eXchange(SWcX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,china and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area ccD

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Metagenomic analysis revealing the metabolic role of microbial communities in the free amino acid biosynthesis of Monascus rice vinegar during fermentation

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2317-2326页

作者： hang Gao Jian Zhang li liu lijun Fu Yan Zhao Germán Mazza Xin Zhang Beijing Academy of Food Sciences 100068 BeijingChina Institute for research and Development in process Engineering Biotechnology and Alternative Energies(PROBIENCONICET-UNCo)8300 NeuquénArgentina

Free amino acid(FAA)is the important component of vinegar that infl uences quality perception and consumer *** is one of the major metabolites produced by microorganisms;however,the microbial metabolic network on FAA biosynthesis remains *** metagenomic analysis,this work aimed to elucidate the roles of microbes in FAA biosynthesis during Monascus rice vinegar *** profiles from functional analyses showed 14 dominant genera with high contributions to the metabolism *** metabolic network for FAA biosynthesis was then constructed,and the microbial distribution in different metabolic pathways was *** results revealed that 5 functional genera were closely involved in FAA *** study illuminated the metabolic roles of microorganisms in FAA biosynthesis and provided crucial insights into the functional attributes of microbiota in vinegar fermentation.

关键词： Monascus rice vinegar Metagenomic analysis Free amino acid synthesis Metabolic pathway Microbial distribution

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche c.calvaruso p.De Donato M.-p.Turpault InrAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UMr 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(p)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(n)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree *** calcium(ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： natural drought Beech forest canopy resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves nutrition

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progress on the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4

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national Science review 2024年第2期11卷 33-49页

作者： Shuai li Tianyu liu chang liu Yayu Wang hai-Zhou Lu X.c.Xie Department of physics Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech) Quantum Science center of Guangdong-hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering International Quantum Academy Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Department of Physics Renmin University of China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University Frontier Science center for Quantum Information hefei national Laboratory International center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Institute for nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum computing Fudan University

Topological materials, which feature robust surface and/or edge states, have now been a research focus in condensed maTher physics. They represent a new class of materials exhibiting nontrivial topological phases,and provide a platform for exploring exotic transport phenomena, such as the quantum anomalous hall effect and the quantum spin hall effect. recently, magnetic topological materials have attracted considerable interests due to the possibility to study the interplay between topological and magnetic *** particular, the quantum anomalous hall and axion insulator phases can be realized in topological insulators with magnetic order. MnBi2Te4, as the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator discovered, allows the examination of existing theoretical predictions; it has been extensively studied, and many new discoveries have been made. here we review the progress made on MnBi2Te4from both experimental and theoretical aspects. The bulk crystal and magnetic structures are surveyed first, followed by a review of theoretical calculations and experimental probes on the band structure and surface states, and a discussion of various exotic phases that can be realized in MnBi2Te4. The properties of MnBi2Te4thin films and the corresponding transport studies are then reviewed, with an emphasis on the edge state transport. possible future research directions in this field are also discussed.

关键词： MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator antiferromagnetic quantum anomalous hall effect axion insulator

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