检索结果-南通市图书馆

Origin of CD8^+ Effector and Memory T Cell Subsets

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第6期4卷 399-405页

作者： Christian Stemberger Michael Neuenhahn Veit R.buchholz Dirk H.Busch Institute for Medical Microbiology Immunology and HygieneTechnical University Munich Clinical Cooperation Group"Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy"and"Immune-Monitoring" Helmholtz Center Munich–Germany ResearchCenter for Environment Health and Technical University MunichGermany

It is well accepted that CD8＋ T cells play a pivotal role in providing protection against infection with intracellular pathogens and some tumors. In many cases protective immunity is maintained for long periods of time （immunological memory）. Over the past years, it has become evident that in order to fulfill these multiple tasks, distinct subsets of effector and memory T cells have to be generated. Until today, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of subset differentiation and the timing of lineage fate decisions. In this context, it is of special importance to determine at which level of clonal expansion functional and phenotypical heterogeneity is achieved. Different models for T cell subset diversification have been proposed; these differ mainly in the time point during priming and clonal expansion （prior, during, or beyond the first cell division） when differentiation programs are induced. Recently developed single-cell adoptive transfer technology has allowed us to demonstrate that individual precursor cell still bears the full plasticity to develop into a plethora different T cell subsets. This observation targets the shaping of T cell subset differentiation towards factors that are still operative beyond the first cell division. These findings have important implications for vaccine development, as the modulation of differentiation patterns towards distinct subsets could become a powerful strategy to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccines. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： effector T cell memory T cell differentiation

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Electrical and band-gap properties of amorphous zinc-indium-tin oxide thin films

引用

progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2012年第1期22卷 1-6页

作者： D.B. buchholz D.E. proffit M.D. Wisser T.O. Mason R.p.H. Chang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University 2220 Campus Drive Cook Hall Room 2013 Evanston IL 60208 USA

Zinc-indium-tin oxide (ZITO) films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition. Three different material compositions were investigated: ZITO-30, ZITO-50 and ZITO-70 in which 30%, 50% and 70%, respectively, of the indium in the In 2 O 3 structure was replaced by substitution with zinc and tin in equal molar proportions (co-substitution): In 2 2x Zn x Sn x O 3 , where x 0.3, 0.5, 0.7. All ZITO films grown at room temperature were amorphous. The first evidence of crystallinity was observed at higher deposition-temperature as the degree of co-substitution was increased. A decrease in mobility and conductivity was also observed as the degree of co-substitution was increased. The highest mobility for ZITO-30 and ZITO-50 was observed at deposition temperatures just prior to crystallization. The effect of deposition temperature on carrier concentration was minor compared to the effect of oxygen partial pressure during deposition.

关键词： Transparent conducting oxide Semiconductor Oxide Amorphous Deposition temperature

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Comparing techniques for measuring corticosterone in tadpoles

引用

Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 835-845页

作者： pablo BURRACO Rosa ARRIBAS Saurabh S. KULKARNI Daniel R. buchholz Ivan GOMEZ-MESTRE Department of Wetland Ecology Estacion Biologica de Dofiana (EBD-CSIC) C/Americo Vespucio s/n 41092 Sevilla Spain Department of pediatrics Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT 0651 USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

Glucocorticoids play a key role in mediating stress responses in vertebrates. Corticosterone （CORT） is the main glucocorticoid produced in amphibians, birds, and reptiles, and regulates several metabolic functions. The most common methods for quantifying CORT are competitive binding immunoassays： radioimmunoassay （RIA） and enzyme immunoassay （EIA）. RIA has been broadly used since the 1980＇s but it requires radioactivity. Commercial EIA kits permit quantifying hormone levels without radioactivity although the requirement for a larger sample volume may be a strong limitation for measurements involving larval amphibians. Here we used Xenopus laevis tadpoles to compare the performance of three commonly used procedures for determination of CORT： RIA on a chloroform extract of whole-body homogenate, EIA on plasma, and EIA on supematant of whole-body homogenate. We treated tadpoles with exogenous CORT at 0, 25, 50, and 100 nM. RIA could distinguish between 0 and 25 nM, and EIA on plasma between 0 and 50 nM, whereas whole-body homogenate EIA only detected significant differences between 0 and 100 riM. Each procedure presents advantages and disadvantages regarding sensitivity, the use of radioactivity, sample size, handling time, and economic cost. RIA is preferred when studying small-bodied animals from which blood samples cannot be obtained. When CORT level differences are intermediate and blood sampling is possible, EIA on plasma is a good non-radioactive alternative. EIA on whole-body homogenates may be useful to assess qualitative changes in CORT levels when considerable differences are expected. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of previous studies on CORT in amphibians [Current Zoology 61 （5）： 835-845, 2015].

关键词： Corticosterone Radioimmunoassay Enzyme immunoassay Glucocorticoids Amphibians Stress

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Influence of Collective Boulder Array on the Surrounding Time-averaged and Turbulent Flow Fields

引用

Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第6期11卷 1420-1428页

作者： Achilleas G.TSAKIRIS A.N.Thanos pApANICOLAOU Seyed M.HAJIMIRZAIE James H.J.buchholz IIHR-Hydroscience &Engineering The University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52246-1585 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Tennessee at Knoxville 412 John D. Tickle Building Knoxville TN37996 USA South Florida WaterManagementDistrict WestPalm Beach FL 33416 USA

Arrays of large immobile boulders,which are often encountered in steep mountain streams,affect the timing and magnitude of sediment transport events through their interactions with the approach *** their importance in the quantification of the bedload rate,the collective influence of a boulder array on the approach timeaveraged and turbulent flow field has to date been *** overarching objective is,thus,to assess the collective effects of a boulder array on the time-averaged and turbulent flow fields surrounding an individual boulder within the array,placing particular emphasis on highlighting the bed shear stress spatial *** objective of this study is pursued by resolving and comparing the timeaveraged and turbulent flow fields developing around a boulder,with and without an array of isolated boulders being *** results show that the effects of an individual boulder on the time-averaged streamwise velocity and turbulence intensity were limited to the boulder's immediate vicinity in the streamwise(x/d c portantly,the boulder array reduced the applied shear stress exerted on theindividual boulders found within the array,by absorbing a portion of the total applied ***,the array was found to have a "homogenizing" effect on the near-bed turbulence thus significantly reducing the turbulence intensity in the near-bed *** findings of this study suggest that the collective boulder array bears a portion of the total applied bed shear stress as form drag,hence reducing the available bed shear stress for transporting incoming mobile ***,the effects of the boulder array should not be ignored in sediment transport *** effects are enc

关键词： Boulder array Form drag Bed shear stress Time-averaged velocity Turbulence intensity

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Role of colectomy in preventing recurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis in liver transplant recipients

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3171-3180页

作者： Bettina M buchholz panagis M Lykoudis Reena Ravikumar Joerg M pollok Giuseppe K Fusai Department of HpB Surgery and Liver Transplantation Royal Free Hospital London

AIM To study the published evidence on the impact of colectomy in preventing recurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis(r pSC). METHODS An unrestricted systematic literature search in pub Med, EMBASE, Medline Ovid Sp, ISI Web of Science, Lista(EBSCO) and the Cochrane library was performed on clinical studies investigating colectomy in liver transplantation(LT) recipients with and without r pSC in the liver allograft. Study quality was evaluated according to a modification of the methodological index for non-randomized studies(MINORS) criteria. primary endpoints were the impact of presence, timing and type of colectomy on r pSC. Overall presence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), time of IBD diagnosis, posttransplant IBD and immunosuppressive regimen were investigated as secondary *** The literature search yielded a total of 180 publications. No randomized controlled trial was identified. Six retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria of which 5 studies were graded as high quality articles. Reporting of IBD was heterogenous but in four publications, either inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis or in particular active colitis post-LT significantly increased the risk of r pSC. The presence of an intact(i.e., retained) colon at LT was identified as risk factor for r pSC in two of the high quality studies while four studies found no effect. Type of colectomy was not associated with r pSC but this endpoint was underreported(only in 33% of included studies).Neither tacrolimus nor cyclosporine A yielded a significant benefit in disease recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis(pSC).CONCLUSION The data favours a protective role of pre-/peri-LT colectomy in r pSC but the current evidence is not strong enough to recommend routine colectomy for r pSC prevention.

关键词： Recurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis Risk factor Ulcerative colitis Colectomy Liver transplantation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Soft tissue sarcoma with metastasis to the stomach: A case report

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5130-5134页

作者： Lemuel Leon Dent Cesar Yamil Cardona Michael Clause buchholz Roosevelt peebles Julie Denise Scott Derrick Jerome Beech Billy Ray Ballard Department of Surgery Meharry Medical College Department of Gastroenterology Meharry Medical College Department of plastic Surgery Meharry Medical College Department of pathology Meharry Medical College

Soft tissue sarcomas are unusual malignancies comprising 1% of cancer diagnoses in the United States. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma accounts for approximately 5% of sarcomas occurring in adults. The most common site of metastasis is the lung, with other sites being bone, the brain, and the liver. Metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract has rarely been documented. We present an unusual case of high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma with metastasis to the stomach, complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

关键词： Gastrointestinal bleeding Metastatic sarcoma Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

用砂带进行切削加工

引用

组合机床与自动化加工技术 1990年第6期 15-19页

作者： W.buchholz p.Dennis 刘远鹏德

高效砂带磨削方法不但效率高而且成本低,可用来代替车削和铣削,用细颗粒砂带进行精加工可达到很高的表面质量。本文介绍了作者通过试验研究得出的一些参数和结论,可用于指导生产实践。图10幅.

关键词：砂带切削加工

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Measure for Assessing Functions of Time-Varying Effects in Survival Analysis

引用

Open Journal of Statistics 2014年第11期4卷 977-998页

作者： Anika buchholz Willi Sauerbrei patrick Royston Center for Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics Medical Center - University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London London UK

A standard approach for analyses of survival data is the Cox proportional hazards model. It assumes that covariate effects are constant over time, i.e. that the hazards are proportional. With longer follow-up times, though, the effect of a variable often gets weaker and the proportional hazards (pH) assumption is violated. In the last years, several approaches have been proposed to detect and model such time-varying effects. However, comparison and evaluation of the various approaches is difficult. A suitable measure is needed that quantifies the difference between time-varying effects and enables judgement about which method is best, i.e. which estimate is closest to the true effect. In this paper we adapt a measure proposed for the area between smoothed curves of exposure to time-varying effects. This measure is based on the weighted area between curves of time-varying effects relative to the area under a reference function that represents the true effect. We introduce several weighting schemes and demonstrate the application and performance of this new measure in a real-life data set and a simulation study.

关键词： Cox Model Measure of Distance Survival Analysis Time-Varying Effects

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Computational Fracture Analysis of an AFM-Specimen under Mixed Mode Loading Conditions

引用

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2011年第1期10卷 105-112页

作者：朱莉李庆芬 F.G.buchholz College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Institute of Applied Mechanics

Fracture processes in ship-building structures are in many cases of a 3-D character. A finite element （FE） model of an all fracture mode （AFM） specimen was built for the study of 3-D mixed mode crack fracture behavior including modes Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. The stress intensity factors （SIFs） were calculated by the modified virtual crack closure integral （MVCCI） method, and the crack initiation angle assessment was based on a recently developed 3-D fracture criterion--the Richard criterion. It was shown that the FE model of the AFM-specimen is applicable for investigations under general mixed mode loading conditions, and the computational results of crack initiation angles are in agreement with some available experimental findings. Thus, the applicability of the FE model of the AFM-specimen for mixed mode loading conditions and the validity of the Richard criterion can be demonstrated.

关键词： 3-D crack fracture behavior stress intensity factors (SIFs) all fracture mode (AFM) specimen crack initiation angle mixed mode loading conditions

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

优雅与精巧法兰西田园风格图集

引用

丛书名：建筑与设计图书馆

2003年

作者： Barbara buchholz Lisa Skolnik 高晶张滨江译

本书介绍了法兰西田园风格建筑的外部设计、装饰，以及与众不同的细部设计，展现了法兰西田园风格住宅结构的精华和魅力。

ISBN: (纸本)7543314908

本书介绍了法兰西田园风格建筑的外部设计、装饰，以及与众不同的细部设计，展现了法兰西田园风格住宅结构的精华和魅力。

关键词：工业技术建筑科学建筑设计

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

在线全文

汇雅图书（南通市图书馆）

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：