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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1655-1657页

作者： Sarah buchholz Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Introduction:TAU isoforms as disease mediators:The microtubule-associated protein TAU is predominantly present in the axons of neurons under physiological *** Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and related tauopathies,TAU also mislocalizes("TAU missorting")to the soma and the dendrites,where it eventually forms aggregates,the so-called neurofibrillary tangles(for review see Zimmer-Bensch and Zempel,2021;Zempel,2023).

关键词： Alzheimer Zimmer tau

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实验室的轻量级足迹

科学新闻 2024年第2期 62-63页

作者： Maj-Britt buchholz 倪伟波荷兰玛西玛公主儿童肿瘤医学中心

我沮丧地走进实验室开会。几个月来，我一直在尝试将实验室的一些塑料废物通过3D打印变为工具，但进展并不顺利。“我只打印了3个小物件。”我告诉同事。他们知道我致力于减少我们研究的环境足迹。于是有人问道：“也许我们首先应该考...

我沮丧地走进实验室开会。几个月来，我一直在尝试将实验室的一些塑料废物通过3D打印变为工具，但进展并不顺利。“我只打印了3个小物件。”我告诉同事。他们知道我致力于减少我们研究的环境足迹。于是有人问道：“也许我们首先应该考虑如何避免产生这么多的塑料垃圾？”另一个人插话道：“我们能弄清楚自己消耗了多少能源以及如何减少这种消耗吗？”他们的问题使我精神振奋，并引发了我们在实验室操作方式上的一系列变化。开始攻读博士学位时，我知道自己在癌症研究方面的工作产生了大量废物，

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Cost burden following esophagectomy:A single centre observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2255-2269页

作者： Vered buchholz Dong Kyu Lee David S Liu Ahmad Aly Stephen A Barnett Riley Hazard peter Le Benjamin Kioussis Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Laurence Weinberg Department of Surgery Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesiology and pain Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalSeoul 14566GoyangSouth Korea Department of Surgery Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HospitalHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Critical Care The University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Cost analyses of patients undergoing esophagectomy is valuable for identifying modifiable expenditure drivers to target and curtail costs while improving the quality of *** aimed to define the cost-complication relationship after esophagectomy and delineate the incremental contributions to *** To assess the relationship between the hospital costs and potential cost drivers post esophagectomy and investigate the relationship between the cost-driving variables(predicting variables)and hospital costs(dependent variable).METHODS In this retrospective single center study,the severity of complications was graded using the Clavien-Dindo(CD)classification *** esophagectomy complications were categorized and defined according to consensus *** costing data included the in-hospital costs of the index admission and any unplanned admission within 30 postoperative *** used correlation analysis to assess the relationship between key clinical variables and hospital costs(in United States dollars)to identify cost drivers.A mediation model was used to investigate the relationship between these variables and hospital *** A total of 110 patients underwent primary esophageal *** median admission cost was $47822.7(interquartile range:35670.2-68214.0).The total effects on costs were $13593.9(95%CI:10187.1-17000.8,ppplications,and $42552.2(95%CI:8309-76795.4,p=0.015)if a key esophagectomy complication *** esophagectomy complications drove the costs directly by $11415.7(95%CI:992.5-21838.9,p=0.032).CONCLUSION The severity and number of complications,and the development of key esophagectomy complications significantly contributed to total hospital *** institutional initiatives and strategies are needed to enhance patient outcomes and minimize costs.

关键词： Anesthesia Esophagectomy Complications Cancer Surgery

Towards greener polymers:Trends in the German chemical industry

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 33-44页

作者： Adam W.Franz Stefan buchholz Rolf W.Albach Rolf Schmid BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau 63457Germany Association for Chemistry and Economics German Chemical SocietyFrankfurt am Main 60444Germany Stuttgart University and Bio4Business Stuttgart 70569Germany

Global plastics production is expected to exceed 400 million tons and reach 600 million tons by *** synthesis currently accounts for approximately 3%of global greenhouse gas *** 60%of all polymers are produced for *** include shopping bags,packaging materials,mulch films,and soluble polymers for cosmetics and other ***,only a portion of single-use plastic is recycled or disposed of in incinerators or *** estimated 20%is not disposed of properly and pollutes the global environment,especially the *** response to these challenges,the United Nations,European Union,and many nation-states are developing regulatory frameworks that encourage the chemical industry to produce plastics with a smaller environmental footprint and often support this through research *** solutions include:(1)the use of green energy,green hydrogen,bio-based feedstocks,or CO_(2) in synthesis;(2)the reuse or recycling of plastics through conversion or pyrolysis;and(3)the production of biodegradable *** German chemical industry contributes approximately one-third of polymer production in the *** is embedded in the EU regulatory and research landscape and anchored in the European Green Deal,which aims for carbon neutrality by *** this paper,we describe how BASF and Evonik,two leading German chemical companies with strong but different polymer portfolios,respond to the call for greener polymers and how technologies are being developed to make polyurethanes,a particularly important and difficult-to-recycle family of elastomers and duromers,renewable and *** the environmental footprint of plastics requires not only innovative materials but also proper governance,regulatory and collection systems,and public willingness to *** an international comparison of these competencies,expressed by the"polymer management index"(pMI),Germany achieved a top position.

关键词： plastics recycling Biobased plastics Biodegradable plastics polymer management index European Green Deal

A MULTI -NATIONAL RETROSpECTIVE STUDY OF RESOURCE UTILIZATION AS-SOCIATED WITH GLAUCOMA DISEASE pROGRESSION IN EUROpE

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国际眼科杂志 2003年第1期3卷 32-32页

作者： C.E.Traverso S.Gandolfi S.p.Kelly The Glaucoma Outcomes Study Gr J.G.Walt p.buchholz J.J.Doyle K.M.Amaya S.V.Kotak San Martino Ospedale Ospedale Maggiore ItalyBolton Hos-pitals NHS Trust UKAustria France Germany Italy and UKAllergan CA USAAllergan GermanyThe Analytica Group NY USAThe Analytica Group NY USAThe Analytica Group NY USA

Objectives: To conduct a multi-national retrospective chart review with the purposes of assessing resource utilization, progression, and costs associated with treating glaucoma in Europe. Methods: patient chart data was reviewed to assign patients to all stages of glaucoma progression. The Bascom palmer Glaucoma Staging System (GSS) was selected, as most adaptable because

关键词：欧洲青光眼资源利用研究进展多国别回顾性队列分析

Evaluation of the mechanisms of damage to flexible ureteroscopes and suggestions for ureteroscope preservation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第4期7卷 433-438,页

作者： p.Sooriakumaran R.Kaba H.O.Andrews N.p.N.buchholz Department of Urology Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildfordGU2 7XXUK Department of Urology St Bartholomew's HospitalLondon EC1A 7BEUK

Aim： To investigate the causes and costs of flexible ureteroscope damage, and to develop recommendations to limit damage. Methods： The authors analysed repair figures and possible causes of damage to 35 instruments sent for repair to a leading UK supplier over a 1-year period, and calculated cost figures for maintenance of the instruments as opposed to repair and replacement costs. Results： All damages were handling-induced and therefore did not fall under the manufacturer＇s warranty： 28 % were damaged by misfiring of the laser inside the instrument; 72 %, mainly crushing and stripping of the ureteroscope shaft tube, were likely to have occurred during out-of-surgery handling, washing and disinfection. Seventeen （4 %） instruments were not repaired and consequently taken out of service due to the extensive costs involved. Eighteen （51%） ureteroscopes were repaired at an average cost of 10 833 USD. Conclusion： Damages to flexible ureteroscopes bear considerable costs. Most damages occur during handling between surgical procedures. Thorough adherence to handling procedures, and courses for theater staff and surgeons on handling flexible instruments may help to reduce these damages and prove a cost-saving investment. The authors provide a list of recommended procedural measures that may help to prevent such damages.

关键词： ureteroscopes manufacturer's assessment durability instrument handling

Simulating small-scale climate change effects-lessons from a short-term field manipulation experiment on grassland arthropods

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 662-670页

作者： Sascha buchholz Dorothee Rolfsmeyer Jens Schirmel Department of Ecology TU Berlin Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Munster Robert-Koch-Straβe 26 48149 Munster Ecosystem Analysis University ofKoblenz-Landau Fortstraβe 7 76829 Landau Germany

Climate change is expected to cause major consequences on biodiversity. Understanding species-specific reactions, such as species shifts, species declines, and changes in population dynamics is a key issue to quantify large-scale impacts of climate change on biotic communities. As it is often impossible or at least impracticable to conduct large-scale experiments on biotic responses to climate change, studies at a smaller scale may be a useful alternative. In our study, we therefore tested responses of grassland arthropods （carabid beetles, spiders, grasshoppers） to simulated climate change in terms of species activity densities and diversity. We conducted a controlled field experiment by changing water and microclimatic conditions at a small scale （16 m2）. Roof constructions were used to increase drought-like conditions, whereas water supply was enhanced by irrigation. In all, 2 038 carabid beetles （36 species）, 4 893 spiders （65 species）, and 303 Orthoptera （4 species） were caught using pitfall traps from May to August, 2010. During our experiment, we created an artificial small-scale climate change; and statistics revealed that these changes had short-term effects on the total number of individuals and Simpson diversity of the studied arthropod groups. Moreover, our results showed that certain species might react very quickly to climate change in terms of activity densities, which in turn might influence diversity due to shifts in abundance patterns. Finally, we devised methodological improvements that may further enhance the validity of future studies.

关键词： carabid beetles drought global wanning grasshoppers irrigation spiders

Using resistance distance from circuit theory to model dispersal through habitat corridors

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Journal of plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 385-393页

作者： Jan Thiele Sascha buchholz Jens Schirmel Institute of Landscape Ecology University of MünsterHeisenbergstr.2Münster 48149Germany Department of Ecology TU BerlinRothenburgstr.12Berlin 12165Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research(BBIB) Altensteinstr.34Berlin 14195Germany Institute of Environmental Sciences University Koblenz-LandauFortstr.7Landau 76829Germany

Aims Resistance distance(RD),based on circuit theory,is a promising metric for modelling effects of landscape configuration on dispersal of organ-isms and the resulting population and community *** values of RD reflect the likelihood of a random walker to reach from a source to a certain destination in the *** it has successfully been used to model genetic structures of animal populations,where it most often outperforms other isolation metrics,there are hardly any applications to plants and,in particular,to plant community *** aims were to test if RD was a suitable metric for studying dispersal processes of plants in narrow habitat corridors(linear landscape ele-ments[LLE]).This would be the case,if dispersal processes(seed dis-persal and migration)resembled random ***,we compared the model performance of RD against least-cost distance(LCD)and Euclidean distance(ED).Finally,we tested the suitability of different cost surfaces for calculations of LCD and *** We used data from 50 vegetation plots located on semi-natural LLE(field margins,ditches,road verges)in eight agricultural landscapes of Northwest *** mapped LLE,including hedges and tree rows,from aerial images in a Geographic Information System,con-verted the maps into raster layers,and assigned resistance values to the raster cells,where all cells outside of LLE received infinite resist-ance and,thus,represented barriers to *** all pairs of plots within study areas,we calculated Jaccard similarity assuming that it was a proxy(or correlate)of dispersal events between ***,we calculated RD and LCD of the network of LLE and ED between the *** modelled the effects of distance metrics on community similarity using binomial generalized linear mixed *** Findings ED was clearly the least suitable isolation ***,we found that RD performed better than LCD at modelling Jaccard *** varied markedly betwee

关键词： connectivity floristic similarity isolation landscape migration least-cost distance

A method to evaluate the bioactive function of fruit extracts of Chinese wild Citrus with microtubular activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第4期16卷 867-873页

作者： GUAN Xin TAN Si Günther buchholz peter Nick ZHOU Zhi-qin College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Southwest University Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Molecular Cell Biology Botanical Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe D-76128 Germany RLp AgroScience/AIplanta-institute for plant Research Neustadt an der Weinstrasse D-67435 Germany Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologies et Environnement EA-3991 Universit6 de Haute-Alsace Colmar 68000 France Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions Ministry of Education Chongqing 400716 P.R. China

China is one of the most important centers of origin for Citrus genetic resources. Due to the high content of secondary metabolites, mining wild Chinese Citrus for novel medical applications is promising. In this study, extracts of Chinese wild species from different taxonomical groups were screened for potential effects on microtubules （MTs） in vitro. MT density as a readout for nucleation, and frequency distribution over MT lengths as a readout for elongation and decay were determined by quantitative image analysis via a standardized coverslJp assay using fluorescently labelled neurotubulin. Extract from peels of Citrus ichangensis Swing. strongly increased the density of MTs; whereas, extract from peels of Cfurs limon （L.） Burm.f. exerted the opposite effect. Extract from pulp of Citrus limonia Osbeck promoted MT elongation, and in addition induced a small population of very long MTs. These data suggest that wild Chinese Citrus harbour compounds that act specifically on different aspects of MT nucleation, elongation, and decay.

关键词： fruit extract natural product-based pharmaceuticals Chinese wild Citrus microtubules secondary plant metabolites

Origin of CD8^+ Effector and Memory T Cell Subsets

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第6期4卷 399-405页

作者： Christian Stemberger Michael Neuenhahn Veit R.buchholz Dirk H.Busch Institute for Medical Microbiology Immunology and HygieneTechnical University Munich Clinical Cooperation Group"Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy"and"Immune-Monitoring" Helmholtz Center Munich–Germany ResearchCenter for Environment Health and Technical University MunichGermany

It is well accepted that CD8＋ T cells play a pivotal role in providing protection against infection with intracellular pathogens and some tumors. In many cases protective immunity is maintained for long periods of time （immunological memory）. Over the past years, it has become evident that in order to fulfill these multiple tasks, distinct subsets of effector and memory T cells have to be generated. Until today, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of subset differentiation and the timing of lineage fate decisions. In this context, it is of special importance to determine at which level of clonal expansion functional and phenotypical heterogeneity is achieved. Different models for T cell subset diversification have been proposed; these differ mainly in the time point during priming and clonal expansion （prior, during, or beyond the first cell division） when differentiation programs are induced. Recently developed single-cell adoptive transfer technology has allowed us to demonstrate that individual precursor cell still bears the full plasticity to develop into a plethora different T cell subsets. This observation targets the shaping of T cell subset differentiation towards factors that are still operative beyond the first cell division. These findings have important implications for vaccine development, as the modulation of differentiation patterns towards distinct subsets could become a powerful strategy to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccines. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： effector T cell memory T cell differentiation