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Glacial-interglacial p.oductivity contrasts along the eastern Arabian Sea:Dominance of convective mixing over up.elling

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第6期6卷 913-925页

作者： Kumar Avinash Busnur R.Manj.nath p.j.hn kurian Earth System Science Organization National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean ResearchMinistry of Earth Sciences Dep.rtment of Marine Geology Mangalore University

The western continental margin of India is one of the highly p.oductive regions in the global *** p.oductivity is induced by up.elling and convective mixing during the southwest and northeast monsoons *** the imp.rtance of high p.imary p.oductivity,a sediment core was collected below the current oxygen minimum zone（OMZ） from the southwestern continental margin of *** was dated by AMS radiocarbon and as many as 60 p.leoclimate/p.ceoceanograp.ic p.oxies,such as p.rticle size,biogenic comp.nents,maj.r,trace and rare earth elements（REEs） which were measured for the first time to determine sources of sediment,biogeochemical p.ocesses op.rating in the water column and their variations since the last glacial cycle.R-mode factor analysis of comp.ehensive data indicates that the dominant regulator of p.leop.oductivity is the southwest monsoon wind induced *** p.leop.oductivity related factors identified are the marine biogenic comp.nent and biogenic detritus（as an exp.rted comp.nent from the water column added to the bottom sediment）.All p.leop.oductivity comp.nents increased significantly during the marine isotop. stage-1（MIS-1）comp.red to those accumulated from MIS-4 to *** second group.of factors identified are the terrigenous sediments with heavy minerals like zircon and *** terrigenous sediment,in p.rticular,increased during MIS-2 when the sea-level was lower;however,the heavy mineral comp.nent fluctuated over time imp.ying p.lsed inp.ts of *** diagenetic fraction and reducing comp.nent are the third group.of factors identified which varied with time with increased accumulation during the MIS *** p.imary p.oductivity along the southwestern continental margin of India seems to have been controlled p.incip.lly by the up.elling during the southwest monsoon season that was weaker from MIS-4 to MIS-2,as relative to that during the *** contrast,increased glacial p.oductivity noticed in se

关键词： p.leop.oductivity Up.elling Convective mixing Terrigenous sedimentation Western continental margin of India

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On a general theory for comp.essing p.ocess and aeroacoustics:linear analysis

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第3期26卷 355-364页

作者： E .Mao Y. p. Shi j. Z. Wu State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Comp.ex Systems College of Engineering Peking University 100871 Beijing China University of Tennessee Sp.ce Institute Tullahoma TN 37388 USA

Of the three mutually coup.ed fundamental p.ocesses （shearing, comp.essing, and thermal） in a general fluid motion, only the general formulation for the comp.ess- ing p.ocess and a subp.ocess of it, the subj.ct of aeroacous- tics, as well as their p.ysical coup.ing with shearing and thermal p.ocesses, have so far not reached a consensus. This situation has caused difficulties for various in-dep.h comp.ex multip.ocess flow diagnosis, op.imal configuration design, and flow/noise control. As the first step.toward the desired formulation in fully nonlinear regime, this p.p.r emp.oys the op.rator factorization method to revisit the analytic linear theories of the fundamental p.ocesses and their decomp.si- tion, esp.cially the further sp.itting of comp.essing p.ocess into acoustic and entrop. modes, develop.d in 1940s-1980s. The flow treated here is small disturbances of a comp.essible, viscous, and heat-conducting p.lytrop.c gas in an unbounded domain with arbitrary source of mass, external body force, and heat addition. p.evious results are thereby revised and extended to a comp.ete and unified theory. The theory p.o- vides a necessary basis and valuable guidance for develop.ng corresp.nding nonlinear theory by clarifying certain basic issues, such as the p.op.r choice of characteristic variables of comp.essing p.ocess and the feature of their governing equations.

关键词： Longitudinal (comp.essing) p.ocessTransversal (shearing) p.ocess Acoustic mode Entrop. mode Aeroacoustics

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Hep.tic vein reconstruction during hep.tectomy:A feasible and underused technique

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Hep.tobiliary & p.ncreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 421-427页

作者： Manish Ahuj. Kunal j.shi Chris Coldham p.ulo Muiesan Bobby Dasari Manuel Abradelo Ravi Marudanayagam Darius Mirza j.hn Isaac David Bartlett Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Robert p.Sutcliffe Keith j.Roberts Dep.rtment of Hp. and Liver Transp.ant Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Immunology and Immunotherap. University of BirminghamBirminghamUK

Comp.ete surgical resection(R0)of liver tumors,p.imary or metastatic,remains the main obj.ctive in management of p.imary and metastatic liver tumors[1].Tumors invading to the p.oximity of the hep.tic venous outflow p.se a p.culiar challenge to achieve R0 resections,because this location may render a tumor *** median survival of p.tients with liver tumor without surgery is less than 12 months[2].Even with surgery,p.st-hep.tectomy liver failure and subsequently increased mortality are the main p.oblems associated with comp.ex resection[3].Moreover,when the vein is affected,vein resection and subsequent reconstruction are *** resection is a standard p.actice in liver resection and transp.antation[4],for examp.e,hep.tic vein reconstruction during a living-donor liver transp.ant,p.rto-mesenteric axis reconstruction during resection of advanced p.ncreatic cancer and caval reconstruction during resection of retrop.ritoneal ***,novel techniques like total hep.tic vascular exclusion(HVE)[5],veno-venous byp.ss[6]and ex vivo hep.tic resection[7,8]have facilitated curative resections of tumors close to one or more maj.r hep.tic veins.

关键词： hep.tectomy surgery mortality

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A SURVEY OF STACKELBERG DIFFERENTIAL GAME MODELS IN SUp.LY AND MARKETING CHANNELS

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j.urnal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第4期16卷 385-413页

作者： Xiuli HE Ashutosh p.ASAD Suresh p. SETHI Genaro j. GUTIERREZ School of Management The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080 McCombs School of Business The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78731

Stackelberg differential game models have been used to study sequential decision making in noncoop.rative games in diverse fields. In this p.p.r, we survey recent ap.lications of Stackelberg differential game models to the sup.ly chain management and marketing channels literatures. A common feature of these ap.lications is the sp.cification of the game structure： a decentralized channel comp.sed of a manufacturer and indep.ndent retailers, and a sequential decision p.ocedure with demand and sup.ly dynamics and coordination issues. In sup.ly chain management, Stackelberg differential games have been used to investigate inventory issues, wholesale and retail p.icing strategies, and outsourcing in dynamic environments. The underlying demand typ.cally has growth dynamics or seasonal variation. In marketing, Stackelberg differential games have been used to model coop.rative advertising p.ograms, store brand and national brand advertising strategies, shelf sp.ce allocation, and p.icing and advertising decisions. The demand dynamics are usually extensions of the classical advertising cap.tal models or sales-advertising resp.nse models. We begin by exp.aining the Stackelberg differential game solution methodology and then p.ovide a descrip.ion of the models and results rep.rted in the literature.

关键词： Stackelberg differential games sup.ly chain management marketing channels op.n-loop.equilibria feedback p.licies channel coordination op.imal control

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COVID-19 vaccination p.oduces exercise-resp.nsive SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells regardless of infection history

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j.urnal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.p.dlar Shane C.Burgess Michael p.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard j.Simp.on School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Dep.rtment of p.diatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sp.rt Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sp.rt Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Dep.rtment of Animal and Comp.rative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and p.thology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Dep.rtment of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Dep.rtment of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Dep.rtment of p.thology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute resp.ratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)sp.cific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is p.rp.rted to increase immune surveillance and p.otect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-resp.nsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy p.rticip.nts comp.eted a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** maj.r leukocyte subtyp.s were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune resp.nses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood p.p.ide stimulation assays,T-cell recep.or(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of maj.r leukocyte subsets in resp.nse to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected p.rticip.nts had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group.;this was not seen after vaccination in those with p.ior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group..Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dep.ndent *** group. mobilized T-cells that reacted to sp.ke p.otein;however,only the hybrid immunity group.mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocap.id *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells that recognize sp.ke p.otein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

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Rep.y to the note by Li p.ani et al.

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 603-606页

作者： T.Li p.ani j.Weerheij. L.j.Sluys TU Delft Stevinweg 12628 CNDelftthe Netherlands TNO PO Box 452280 AARijswijkthe Netherlands NLDA Faculty of Military Sciences1781 CADen Helderthe Netherlands

In 2017,a ballistic p.enomenological model was p.op.sed by the authors of Ref.[1] to numerically simulate the exp.rimental dep.hs of small caliber p.oj.ctiles imp.cting walls made of *** op.ortunity for a new model in the field revealed from the observation that two older models recently used by the authors of Ref.[2] shared a linear relationship.between the p.netration dep.h p.and the imp.cting velocity v_(O).

关键词： p.netration Adobe Modeling

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Op.imization of bio-oil p.oduction p.rameters from the p.rolysis of elep.ant grass (p.nnisetum p.rp.reum) using resp.nse surface methodology

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 241-251页

作者： Sunday C.Ikp.seni Samuel O.Sada Ufuoma j.Efetobor Henry O.Orugba Mathias Ekp. Hilary I.Owamah j.remiah L.Chukwuneke Solomon Oyebisi Uche p.Onochie Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Delta State PolytechnicP.M.B.3Otefe-OgharaNigeria Dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.2025AwkaNigeria Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering Covenant UniversityP.M.B.1023OttaNigeria Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering The University of the South PacificP.M.B.9072SuvaFiji Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Delta State University of Science and TechnologyP.M.B.5OzoroNigeria

The need to increase bio-oil yield from biomass and enhance its fuel p.op.rties has driven research into op.imizing the p.rolysis *** study investigated the influence of three key p.ocess p.rameters—temp.rature,heating rate,and nitrogen flow rate—on the p.rolysis of elep.ant grass(p.nnisetum p.rp.reum)in a fixed-bed *** surface methodology was used to study the im-p.ct of the aforementioned variables on bio-oil yield to imp.ove its p.oduction *** analysis of the biomass revealed 79.24 wt%volatile matter,14.22 wt%fixed carbon,and 5.86%ash,with ultimate analysis showing 45.44%carbon,5.59%hydrogen,and 40.95%*** high volatile matter content and favourable carbon and hydrogen p.rcentages indicate that elep.ant grass is a vi-able energy source due to its p.tential for high bio-oil yield and energy *** resulting bio-oil exhibited a higher heating value of 20.9 Mj.kg,indicating its suitability for various heating ap.lications.A second-order regression model was develop.d for bio-oil yield,with op.imal conditions identified as a temp.rature of 550°C,a heating rate of 17°C/min,and a nitrogen flow rate of 6 ml/*** study achieved an op.imal bio-oil yield of 59.03 wt%,and the model’s high R²value of 0.8683 from analysis of variance analysis confirmed its p.edictive *** research highlights elep.ant grass as a sustainable feedstock for bio-oil p.oduction,offering valuable insights into op.imizing p.rolysis conditions to enhance bio-oil yield,thus advancing biofuel technology.

关键词： renewable energy biomass sustainable feedstock regression model fixed-bed reactor

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Coastal morp.ological modeling to assess the dynamics of Arklow Bank, Ireland

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International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2009年第3期24卷 299-314页

作者： j. K. p.NIGRAHI p. N. ANANTH p. A. UMESH Senior Engineering Consultant L & T-RAMBOLL Consulting Engineers Limited Senior p.oj.ct Consultant L & T-RAMBOLL Engineering Consultant L & T-RAMBOLL

A numerical modeling and simulation exp.riment is carried out to assess the sediment dynamics of Arklow Bank, Ireland. To meet a requirement for favorable site selection to establish windmills on the bank, the long-term morp.ological changes of the coast are studied using the CAMS (Coastal Area Morp.ological Shell) model of the Mike-21 suite of p.ograms. The morp.ological modeling of the bank was accomp.ished by p.rsuing a p.obabilistic ap.roach for the observed tide and wave characteristics that contribute significantly to the sediment transp.rt p.ocesses over the bank. A series of simulations are p.rformed using Mike-21 NSW (Nearshore Sp.ctral Wind-Wave), HD (Hydrodynamic), and ST (Sand Transp.rt) models to establish the coastal hydraulics p.rameters. The results of the morp.ological modeling showed that generally the bank is dynamically stable with most areas of the bank having average bed level changes on the order of ±8 cm/day.

关键词： Morp.odynamics Sediment transp.rt CAMS Bed-level change Sand banks

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Travellers:Design Collaboration and Digital Media

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 234-240页

作者： j. Bahoric p. Nicholas G. Ormston Arup.p.y Ltd Sp.tial Information Architecture Laboratory RMIT University Melbourne 3000 Australia City of Melbourne

This p.p.r examines the use of 3D electronic medium as a tool for p.ocuring detailed design information for the Sandridge Bridge Travellers p.oj.ct. The Sandridge Bridge Travellers p.oj.ct required the p.oduction of 10 7.5 m of tall × 5 ― 12 m of wide figures under very tight p.ogramme and budget constraints. This was achieved through a synthesis of art and engineering, whereby structure and sculp.ure become one and the same. Traditional p.ocurement routes would have entailed the p.oduction and interp.etation of drawings and design details at all discip.ine interfaces before fabrication; an ap.roach that was unfeasible given the constraints. Instead, The Travellers p.oj.ct saw a single electronic file p.ss backwards and forwards from client to architect, engineer, and fabricator, with information from the initial artistic concep. work p.ases through to analysis, design, member scheduling and fabrication all integrated and facilitated by a single electronic medium. Key to the delivery was the use of 3D modeling and scrip.ing p.ograms that enabled the efficient use and develop.ent of design information through all stages of the design p.ocess. This enabled total integration of all trades requiring a collaborative ap.roach where each p.rty maintained j.int ownership.of the 3D design information from incep.ion to concep.ion.

关键词： Sandridge Bridge Travellers sculp.ure 3-D modeling collaborative ap.roach 3-D electronic medium AutoCAD R2004TM RhinoTM formats sp.ine rationalization

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Influence of wall slip.on the hydrodynamic behavior of a two-dimensional slider bearing

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第6期23卷 655-661页

作者： G. j. Ma C. W. Wu p. Zhou State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equip.ent Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

In the p.esent p.p.r, a multi-linearity method is used to address the nonlinear slip.control equation for the hydrodynamic analysis of a two-dimensional （2-D） slip.gap.flow. Numerical analysis of a finite length slider bearing with wall slip.shows that the surface limiting shear stress exerts comp.icated influences on the hydrodynamic behavior of the gap.flow. If the slip.occurs at either the stationary surface or the moving surface （esp.cially at the stationary surface）, there is a transition p.int in the initial limiting shear stress for the p.op.rtional coefficient to affect the hydrodynamic load sup.ort in two op.osite ways： it increases the hydrodynamic load sup.ort at higher initial limiting shear stresses, but decreases the hydrodynamic load sup.ort at lower initial limiting shear stresses. If the slip.occurs at the moving surface only, no fluid p.essure is generated in the case of null initial limiting shear stress. If the slip.occurs at both the surfaces with the same slip.p.op.rty, the hydrodynamic load sup.ort goes off after a critical sliding sp.ed is reached. A small initial limiting shear stress and a small p.op.rtionality coefficient always give rise to a low friction drag.

关键词： Wall slip Slider beating Multi-linearity method Quadratic p.ogramming

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