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Changes in Soil C and N Contents and Mineralization Across a Cultivation Chronosequence of p.ddy Fields in Subtrop.cal China

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p.dosp.ere 2005年第5期15卷 554-562页

作者： LI Zhong-p.i ZHANG Tao-Lin HAN Feng-Xiang p. felix-henningsen Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory Mississippi State University Starkville MS 39759 （USA） Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation Justus-Liebig-University Giessen D-35392 （Germany）

Dynamics of soil organic matter in a cultivation chronosequence of p.ddy fields were studied in subtrop.cal *** of soil organic matter was determined by measuring CO2 evolution from soil during 20 days of laboratoryincubation. In the first 30 years of cultivation, soil organic C and N contents increased rap.dly. After 30 years, 0-10 cmsoil contained 19.6 g kg-1 organic C and 1.62 g kg-1 total N, with the corresp.nding values of 18.1 g kg-1 and 1.50g kg-1 for 10-20 cm, and then remained stable even after 80 years of rice cultivation. During 20 days incubation themineralization rates of organic C and N in surface soil (0-10 cm) ranged from 2.2% to 3.3% and from 2.8% to 6.7%,resp.ctively, of organic C and total N contents. Biologically active C size generally increased with increasing soil organicC and N contents. Soil dissolved organic C decreased after cultivation of wasteland to 10 years p.ddy field and thenincreased. Soil microbial biomass C increased with number of years under cultivation, while soil microbial biomass Nincreased during the first 30 years of cultivation and then stabilized. After 30 years of cultivation surface soil (0-10 cm)contained 332.8 mg kg-1 of microbial biomass C and 23.85 mg kg-1 of microbial biomass N, which were 111% and 47%higher than those in soil cultivated for 3 years. It was suggested that surface soil with 30 years of rice cultivation insubtrop.cal China would have attained a steady state of organic C content, being about 19 g kg-1.

关键词： cultivation chronosequence mineralization p.ddy fields soil C soil N

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Exp.oring the size of Andean condor foraging group. along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Trop.cal Andes: Ecological and conservation imp.ications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： Diego Mendez felix Hernan Vargas JoséHernan Sarasola p.dro p.Oleaa Dep.rtamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The p.regrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro p.ra el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rap.ces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de La p.mp.(INCITAp.CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

p.tterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging group.,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle exp.ored desp.te strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group.*** documented the group.size-frequency p.ttern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryp.us gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses exp.rimentally p.aced in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging group.,we examined the relationship.between their size and sp.cies'p.p.lation p.rameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming group. that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shap.d a"lazy-J curve"typ.cal p.ttern of size-frequency distribution whereby few group.(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(p.size related to altitude in that most larger group. formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger group. are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of p.p.lation size,group.size could be an adap.ive resp.nse of condors via local enhancement for imp.oving individual scavenging *** information gap. on this top.c still exist,thus we p.ovide a set of questions to address them,esp.cially amidst the unrestricted imp.cts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group.size scavenger social foraging vultures.

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Factors Affecting Cotrimoxazole p.op.ylactic Therap. Comp.iance in HIV p.tients Attending a Care and Treatment Clinic at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 456-468页

作者： Stanley Mwita felix Tarimo Rahma Mbalamla Dep.rtment of p.armaceutics and p.armacy p.actice Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences Mwanza Tanzania Dep.rtment of Biochemistry Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences Mwanza Tanzania

Introduction: Cotrimoxazole p.op.ylactic Therap. (Cp.) comp.iance lowers the risk of op.ortunistic infections and other Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related diseases. The aim of this study was to examine factors that influence comp.iance with Cp. among HIV p.tients in the Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods: A descrip.ive cross-sectional study was conducted at the BMC between Ap.il 1, 2021, and June 30, 2021. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire. Data are p.esented in frequency, p.rcentages, and cross-tabulation tables. A p.value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The p.evalence of comp.iance with Cp. by self-rep.rted measurement was 158 (63.7%). Most Cp.-comp.iant p.rticip.nts were more likely to have a sp.use who is familiar with Cp., have a family member who is aware of their HIV status, and be aware of the benefits of Cp.. The majority of p.rticip.nts who comp.ied with Cp. were more likely to have exp.rienced counseling during refill, felt that the length of time sp.nt seeing doctors for treatment was reasonable, and received accurate information from them. Conclusion: Most adult HIV p.tients attending CTC at BMC were rep.rted to be in comp.iance with Cp.. These findings suggest that imp.oving social sup.ort and p.tient-p.ovider communication may be effective strategies for imp.oving comp.iance with Cp. among HIV p.tients.

关键词： Factors Comp.iance Co-Trimoxazole p.op.ylactic Therap. HIV/AIDS Tanzania Bugando Medical Centre

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Comp.ex Effective Relative p.rmittivity of Soil Samp.es from the Taunus Region (Germany)

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 961-967页

作者： Katja Lauer Christian Albrecht Christina Salat p.ter felix-henningsen Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation Research Centre for BioSystems Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ) Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Dep.rtment of Underground Sp.ce for Storage and Economic Use Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

The most imp.rtant p.rameter affecting ground-p.netrating radar （Gp.） measurements is the comp.ex effective relative p.rmittivity εr^＊,eff because it controls the p.op.gation velocity and the reflection of Gp. p.lses. Knowing εr^＊,eff of soils p.ssed through by electromagnetic waves increases accuracy in soil thickness and interface identification. Comp.ex effective relative p.rmittivity εr^＊,eff= εr^＊,eff - jεr^＊,effof 25 soil samp.es with textures ranging from loamy sand to silty clay was measured using the two-electrode p.rallelp.ate method. The measurements were conducted at defined water contents for frequencies from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The results confirm the frequency dep.ndence of εr^＊,eff and show that the dielectric behavior of soil-water mixtures is a function of water content. Ap.lying the exp.rimental data of this study with p.edictions based on the emp.rical model by Top.et aL （1980）, we find that Top. et aL＇s curve tends to underestimate the real p.rt of εr^＊,eff measured. Along with frequency and water content, soil texture and organic matter affect soil p.rmittivity. Moreover, the real p.rt of εr^＊,eff increases at higher dry bulk densities. Outp.t from our calibration model enables us to p.edict εr^＊,eff for the soil samp.es which were tested under the actual in situ soil water content. This results in high accuracy of soil thickness p.ediction.

关键词： ground-p.netrating radar (Gp.) comp.ex effective relative p.rmittivity soil samp.e.

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Management of a Huge Ovarian Cyst in p.egnancy at the Douala General Hosp.tal, Cameroon: A Case Rep.rt and Review of the Literature

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Advances in Rep.oductive Sciences 2024年第3期12卷 165-178页

作者： Fidelia Mbi Kobenge felix-Adolp.e Elong Emenguele p.scale Mp.no Thomas Obinchemti Egbe Dep.rtment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Dep.rtment of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Cameroon

Background: Ovarian cysts in p.egnancy are common and are usually small benign functional cysts (corp.s luteum and theca-lutein cysts) that usually resolve sp.ntaneously between 14 and 16 weeks of gestation. However, large ovarian cysts are rare in p.egnancy, with an incidence of 0.2% - 2%, and most of them are benign. The first-line diagnostic modality is ultrasonograp.y. Comp.ications of ovarian cysts in p.egnancy include miscarriage, ovarian torsion, cyst rup.ure, etc. Lap.rotomy is the treatment modality commonly used in our setting, and histop.thologic diagnosis is imp.rtant for the p.ognosis of the treatment. Case p.esentation: MC is a 32-year-old G3p.002 married housewife of the Bakweri tribe who was referred to our dep.rtment because of p.ogressive abdominal discomfort and shortness of breath for 1 month’s duration. Her medical history is consistent with two normal vaginal deliveries at term and the use of imp.ants (for contracep.ion) until one month p.ior to the index p.egnancy. Her booking visit was at 16 weeks gestation at a p.imary (missionary) healthcare facility, and she underwent ultrasonograp.y and was diagnosed with a singleton viable intrauterine p.egnancy and a simp.e sep.ate cystic mass measuring 17 cm situated on top.of the uterus, ap.earing to originate from the left ovary. She was referred to seek the exp.rtise of an obstetrician-gynecologist, but she came to our dep.rtment at 35 weeks gestation and underwent cesarean birth at 37 weeks gestation. In the p.thological review, serous cystadenoma was diagnosed, and there were no p.sitive findings in p.ritoneal cytology. Conclusion: The ultrasonograp.ic diagnosis of the huge ovarian cyst in the index case was after 16 weeks gestation because of her late booking visit at 16 weeks gestation. The index case deferred referral to the obstetrician because of a lack of finances, came to our dep.rtment at 35 weeks gestation because of abdominal p.in that may have resulted from a torsion of the ovarian cyst

关键词： Ovarian Cyst Ultrasonograp.y Magnetic Resonance Imaging Histop.thology p.egnancy Cesarean Section

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Technological Imp.ct on the Quality of p.lm Oil from Burundi: Elaeis guineensis, Variety of Dura and Tenera

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 759-769页

作者： Severin Sindayikengera Jean felix Karikurubu Josiane Manirakiza Dévote Ndayikengurukiye Michel Baseka p.udent Nsabiyumva Jonathan Niyukuri Dep.rtment of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Food Science and Technology Research Center-CRSTA University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Burundi Bureau of Standards and Quality Control (BBN) Bujumbura Burundi Dep.rtment of Health and Animal p.oductions Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Research Centre for Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences-CRAVE University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi

The objective of this study is to determine the factors resp.nsible for the acidification of Burundi p.lm oils. The investigation of the duration of fermentation of p.lm fruits p.rformed among artisanal p.oducers found that more than 89% of p.oducers from commune of Rumonge ferment for more than 5 days while more than 61% of those from commune of Mutimbuzi ferment for 4 days. The determination of acid value using the method of ISO 660:2009 showed that Dura and Tenera varieties fermented for 4 days had resp.ctively 5.9 ± 2.3 and 5.8 ± 1.8 mg of KOH/g of oil for clustered fruits, 7.03 ± 3.4 and 7.02 ± 3.2 mg of KOH/g for destemmed fruits. After 8 days, the acid values of Dura and Tenera varieties obtained were resp.ctively 10.9 ± 4.7 and 12.5 ± 5.4 mg KOH/g for clustered fruits, 12.5 ± 5.4 and 12.5 ± 4.1 mg KOH/g for destemmed fruits. No significant difference was recorded between varieties. On the other hand, a highly significant difference at p.p.n air (e.g. around the foot of the oil p.lm, FFOA), in a shed when the fruits were not covered (SFNC) and in a shed when the fruits were covered by branches or straw (SFC). At 8 days of fermentation, the acid values of FFOA, SFNC and SFC were 9.1 ± 0.7 p.ctively. In light of these results, the acidity of Rumonge p.lm oil is p.obably due to the long fermentation time and the technique of covering the fruits during fermentation. These results will allow p.oducers to extract good quality oil and consequently imp.ove the health of consumers.

关键词： Burundi Dura Tenera Acid Value Oil p.lm

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Farm-scale evaluation of the imp.ct of CrylAb Bt maize on canop. nontarget arthrop.ds： a 3-year study

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 87-98页

作者： Maria Arias-Martin Matias Garcia p.dro Castanera felix Ortego Gema p. Farinos Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas CSIC Departamento de Biologia Medioambiental Grupo de Interaccion Planta-lnsecto Ramiro deMaeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

The cultivation of CrylAb-exp.essing genetically modified MON810 （Bt maize） has led to p.blic concern in Europ., regarding its imp.ct on nontarget arthro- p.ds （NTAs）. We have assessed the p.tential effects of DKC 6451 YG （MON810） maize on canop. NTAs in a farm-scale study p.rformed in Central Sp.in during 3 years. The study focused on hemip.eran herbivores （leafhop.ers and p.anthop.ers） and hymenop.eran p.rasitic wasp. （mymarids） collected by yellow sticky trap., which accounted for 72% of the total number of insects studied. The dynamics and abundance of these group. varied among years, but no significant differences were found between Bt and non-Bt maize, indicating that Bt maize had no negative effect on these taxa. Nonetheless, the CrylAb toxin was detected in 2 different arthrop.ds collected from Bt maize foliage, the cicadellids Zyginidia scutellaris and Emp.asca sp.. A retrosp.ctive p.wer analysis on the arthrop.d abundance data for our field trials has determined that Z. scutellaris and the family My- maridae have high cap.city to detect differences between the Bt maize and its isogenic counterp.rt. The use of these canop. NTAs as surrogates for assessing environmental imp.cts of Bt maize is discussed.

关键词： Cicadellidae MON810 Mymaridae risk assessment surrogate sp.cies Zyginidia scutellaris

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Imp.oving the op.rational stability of p.rovskite solar cells with cesium-dop.d grap.ene oxide interlayer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 483-490页

作者： Masaud Almalki Katerina Anagnostou Konstantinos Rogdakis felix T.Eickemeyer Mostafa Othman Minas M.Stylianakis Dimitris Tsikritzis Anwar Q.Alanazi Nikolaos Tzoganakis Lukas p.eifer Rita Therisod Xiaoliang Mo Christian M.Wolff Aïcha Hessler-Wyser Shaik M.Zakeeruddin Hong Zhang Emmanuel Kymakis Michael Grätzel Laboratory of p.otonics and Interfaces École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklionCrete 71410Greece Institute of Electrical and Microengineering(IEM)p.otovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(p.-Lab) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Neuchâtel 2000Switzerland Dep.rtment of Nursing Faculty of Health SciencesHellenic Mediterranean UniversityCrete 71410Greece Centre Interdiscip.inaire de Microscop.e Electronique École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Future Energy Technology Institute King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)P.O.Box 6086Riyadh 11442Saudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of p.otovoltaic Science and Technology Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionInstitute of OptoelectronicsDepartment of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

p.rovskite solar cells(p.Cs)have made great advances in terms of p.wer conversion efficiency(p.E),yet their subp.r stability continues to hinder their *** interface between the p.rovskite layer and the charge-carrier transp.rting layers p.ays a crucial role in undermining the stability of *** this work,we p.op.se a strategy to stabilize high-p.rformance p.Cs with p.E over 23%by introducing a cesium-dop.d grap.ene oxide(GO-Cs)as an interlayer between the p.rovskite and hole-transp.rting *** GO-Cs treated p.Cs exhibit excellent op.rational stability with a p.ojected T80(the time where the device p.E reduces to 80%of its initial value)of 2143 h of op.ration at the maximum p.wering p.int under one sun illumination.

关键词： p.rovskite solar cells Dop.d grap.ene oxide Grap.ene related material Long-term op.rational stability

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p.edictive Factors for p.e-Eclamp.ia: A Case-Control Study in Two Hosp.tals in Yaounde

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Op.n Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 565-574页

作者： Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Ines Winnie Gouanfo Claude Hector Mbia Wilfried Loic Tatsip.e p.scal Mp.no Madye Ngo Dingom felix Essiben Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and p.armaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Introduction: p.e-eclamp.ia is a major cause of maternal and p.enatal morbidity and mortality, that comp.icates 2% to 8% of p.egnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the p.edictive factors for p.e-eclamp.ia in two hosp.tals in the city of Yaoundé. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics dep.rtment of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and p.ediatric Hosp.tal (YGOp.) and the Main Maternity of the Yaoundé Central Hosp.tal (MM-YCH) from February 1 to July 30, 2022. The cases were all p.egnant women p.esenting with p.e-eclamp.ia. The control group.included p.egnant women without p.e-eclamp.ia. Descrip.ive statistics followed by logistic regression analyses were conducted with level of significance set at p.value Results: Included in the study were 33 cases and 132 controls, giving a total of 165 p.rticip.nts. The p.edictive factors for p.e-eclamp.ia after multivariate analysis were: p.imip.rity (aOR = 51.86, 95% CI: 3.01 - 1230.96, p.= 0.045), duration of exp.sure to p.rtner’s sp.rm Conclusion: The odds of p.e-eclamp.ia increased with p.imip.rity, duration of exp.sure to p.rtner’s sp.rm p.rsonal history of p.e-eclamp.ia and maternal history of p.e-eclamp.ia. Recognition of these p.edictor factors would imp.ove the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop.p.e-eclamp.ia before the onset of disease for timely interventions.

关键词： p.e-Eclamp.ia p.edictive Factors Yaoundé

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The chemosensory ap.endage p.oteome of Amblyomma americanum （Acari： Ixodidae） reveals p.tative odorant-binding and other chemorecep.ion-related p.oteins

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 730-742页

作者： Robert Renthal Leena Manghnani Sandra Bernal Yanyan Qu Wendell p. Griffith Kim Lohmeyer felix O. Guerrero Ligia M.F. Borges Adalberto p.rez de Leon Dep.rtment of Biology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA Dep.rtment of Biochemistry University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio IX 78229 USA RCMI p.otein Biomarkers Core University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio TX 78249 USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA USDA-ARS Knip.ing-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory Veterinary Pest Genomics Center Kerrville TX 78029 USA Instituto de p.tologia Trop.cal e Saude p.blica Universidade Federal de Goias Goiania Goias Brazil

p.oteomic analyses were done on 2 chemosensory ap.endages of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. p.oteins in the fore tarsi, which contain the olfactory Haller＇s organ, and in the p.lp., that include gustatory sensilla, were comp.red with p.oteins in the third tarsi. Also, male and female ticks were comp.red. p.oteins were identified by sequence similarity to known p.oteins, and by 3-dimensional homology modeling. p.oteomic data were also comp.red with organ-sp.cific transcrip.omes from the tick Rhip.cep.alus microp.us. The fore tarsi exp.ess a lip.calin not found in the third tarsi or p.lp.. The fore tarsi and p.lp. abundantly exp.ess 2 p.oteins, which are similar to insect odorant-binding p.oteins （OBp.）. Comp.red with insect OBp., the tick OBp.like sequences lacked the cysteine absent in C-minus OBp., and 1 tick OBp.like sequence had additional cysteines that were similar to C-p.us OBp.. Four p.oteins similar to the antibiotic p.otein microp.usin were found： 2 exclusively exp.essed in the fore tarsi and 1 exclusively exp.essed in the p.lp.. These p.oteins lack the microp.usin cop.er-binding site, but they are modeled to have a significant internal cavity, p.tentially a ligand-binding site. p.oteins similar to the dust mite allergens Der p. and Der f 7 were found differentially exp.essed in female fore tarsi. A p.otein exclusively exp.essed in the fore tarsi has similarities to Neto, which is known to be involved in clustering ofionotrop.c glutamate recep.ors. These results constitute the first rep.rt of OBp.like p.otein sequences in ticks and p.int to several research avenues on tick chemosensory recep.ion.

关键词： dust mite allergen Haller's organ lip.calin microp.usin odorant-binding p.otein 3-dimensional homology modeling

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