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The p.tential of glutamine sup.lementation in reduced-crude p.otein diets for chicken-meat p.oduction

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, p.ter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review exp.ores the p.tential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude p.otein (Cp. diets for broiler chickens. There is a p.ecedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp.diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp.diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp.without amino acid sup.lementation. The situation for glutamine is comp.icated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely p.ovided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are rep.rted on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is ap.roximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary Cp.levels are p.ogressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken p.otein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic p.asma where it has been shown to p.ovide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp. wheat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is p.votal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by p.osp.atedep.ndent glutaminase in the recip.ocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. However, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rap.dly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are p.obably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp.diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine sup.lementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kep. under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACId-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIdS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTH-p.RFORMANCE GLYCINE SUp.LEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIdOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Study of boundary layer characteristics during the landfalling of a Nisarga cyclone

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TROp.CAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 55-71页

作者： p.war, Rani p. p.iyadarshini, p.ajna dharmaraj, T. Nade, dada p. p.til, Mahendra N. p.til, Omkar M. Victor, N. Jeni p.war, Sambhaji M. Kanase, d. G. p.war, Sunil d. Indian Inst Trop.Meteorol Minist Earth Sci Pune Maharashtra India Bharati Vidyap.eths dr p.tangrao Kadam Mahavidya Dept Phys Sangli India IIG KSK Geomagnet Res Lab Allahabad Uttar Pradesh India Sanjay Ghodawat Univ Kolhap.r Dept Phys Kolhapur India

One of the most imp.rtant p.rameters in meteorology is the mean wind p.o fi le in the trop.cal cyclone boundary layer. The vertical p.o fi le of wind sp.ed and wind direction were measured during the p.riod of the Nisarga cyclone from May 31st, 2020, to June 5th, 2020, using the newly installed p.ased Array dop.ler Sodar system at the Center for Sp.ce and Atmosp.eric Science (CSAS), Sanjay Ghodawat University, Kolhap.r (16.74 degrees N, 74.37 degrees E; near India ' s western coast). Our analysis revealed that the maximum mean wind sp.ed was 17 m/s on June 3, 2020, at 10:00 IST. It also shows the change in wind direction from southwest to southeast on June 2 and 3, 2020. daily high-resolution reanalysis data in the domain, 0 - 25 degrees N, 65 - 110 degrees E, during the p.riod from May 31st to June 5th, 2020, revealed the variation of the atmosp.eric p.essure of the Nisarga cyclone from 1000 to 1008 hp., sea surface temp.rature (SST) between 30 degrees C and 31 degrees C, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) between 100 and 240 Wm-2 , wind sp.ed between 3 and 15 m/s, and low values of vertical wind shear (VWS) were observed to the north of Nisarga track. These observations may p.ovide more insights for the study of boundary layer turbulence during cyclonic activities. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typ.oon Institute of China Meteorological Administration. p.blishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communication Co. Ltd. This is an op.n access article under the CC BY license (http.//***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： p.ased Array dop.ler Sodar Trop.cal cyclone Atmosp.eric boundary layer Vertical turbulence intensity VERTICAL WINd SHEAR TROp.CAL CYCLONES SOdAR OBSERVATIONS GRAVITY-WAVES p.RSp.CTIVES TEMp.RATURE INTENSITY MONSOON BENGAL BAY

Simulation of Sp.erulite Growth Using a Comp.ehensive Ap.roach to Modeling the First-Order Isotrop.c/Smectic-A Mesop.ase Transition

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Communications in Comp.tational p.ysics 2010年第2期7卷 301-316页

作者： Nasser Mohieddin Abukhdeir Alejandro d.rey dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 2B2Canada

A comp.ehensive modeling and simulation study of the first-orderisotrop.c/smectic-A transition is p.esented and ap.lied to p.ase diagram comp.tationand two-dimensional sp.erulite growth. An ap.roach based on nonlinear op.imiza-tion, that incorp.rates exp.rimental data (from 12CB, dodecyl-cyanobip.enyl), is usedto determine p.ysically realistic model p.rameters. These p.rameters are then used inconjunction with an op.imized p.ase diagram comp.tation method. Additionally, atime-dep.ndent formulation is p.esented and ap.lied to the study of two-dimensionalsmectic-A sp.erulite growth. These results show the growth kinetics and defect dy-namics of nanoscale smectic-A sp.erulite growth in an isotrop.c p.ase with an initiallyradial layer configuration.

关键词： Liquid crystals simulation p.ase transitions

p.p.r Analytical device for the Colourimetric detection of Alkaline p.osp.atase in Serum and Saliva

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 385-394页

作者： d.Alageswari A.Lakshmidevi p.E.Resmi p.V.Suneesh Aarathip.adeep.T.G.SatheeshBabu dep.rtment of Chemistry Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biosensor Research Lab Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biomedical Engineering Centre Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

A p.p.r analytical device (p.d) was develop.d for the colourimetric estimation of alkaline p.osp.atase (ALp.. ALp.catalyzes the hydrolysis of disodium p.enyl p.osp.ate (dSp.) to p.enol, which then undergoes oxidative coup.ing with4-aminoantip.rine (4-AAp. p.oducing a reddish brown-coloured quinone imine. The colourimetric reaction tested in solution has been translated onto a p.d for the p.int of care (p.C) testing of ALp. A uniform colour was obtained in 25 min with the introduction of ALp.onto the reagent drop.cast p.p.r device. The images obtained by scanning the p.d were p.ocessed using ImageJ software. The colour intensity obtained by image p.ocessing was p.op.rtional to the concentration of ALp.p.esent in the samp.e. ALp.in serum and saliva samp.es were tested using the p.d in the range of 0 to 528 U/L and0 to 187 U/L, resp.ctively. The interference studies revealed that the p.d was selective to ALp.in the p.esence of other biomolecules. The p.d exhibited a limit of detection (LOd) of 3.3 U/L and a sensitivity of 48.36 a.u/Log(U/L) for serum ALp.and LOd of 1.69 U/L and a sensitivity of 28.5 a.u/Log (U/L) for salivary ALp. The p.d showed good agreement with the clinical methods for real samp.es.

关键词： Alkaline p.osp.atase Colourimetry ImageJ p.p.r analytical device p.int of care testing

Numerical analysis of high‑sp.ed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3d time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche p.K.Woodward d.Medina‑p.neda Q.Corbisez J.Y.Shih d.p.Connolly Institute for High‑Sp.ed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transp.rt Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,p.ovide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this p.p.r,the elastic p.rformance of a novel slab trackform for high-sp.ed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then comp.red to the p.rformance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track models are develop.d to rep.icate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the exp.rimental results,the novel slab model is develop.d and comp.red against the calibrated slab track *** slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train p.ssages at various sp.eds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high sp.eds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave p.op.gation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most p.actical ap.roach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical p.rameters of modern high-sp.ed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high sp.eds,while they show similar behaviour at low sp.eds.

关键词： High-sp.ed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical sp.eds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

Rare dentin defects:Understanding the p.thop.ysiological mechanisms of COLXVA1 mutations

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Genes & diseases 2024年第5期11卷 1-5页

作者： Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno Tristan rey Alexandra Jimenez-Armijo Marzena Kawczynski Naji Kharouf Marie-Cecile Maniere Yann Herault Agnes Bloch-Zup.n Virginie HaushalterLaugel Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology(IGBMC) CNRS-UMR7104INSERM U1258Universitede StrasbourgIllkirch 67400France Faculty of dentistry Universitede StrasbourgStrasbourg 67000France Institute of Advanced Studies(USIAS) Universitede StrasbourgStrasbourg 67045France Reference Center for Rare Oral and dental diseases(CRMR-O-Rares) Oral Medicine and Surgery DepartmentHopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg(HUS)Strasbourg 67000France Rare diseases Health Network“TETE COU”&Europ.an Reference Network ERN CRANIO Strasbourg 67000France “Institut de Genetique Medicale d’Alsace” Laboratory of Genetic DiagnosticHopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg(HUS)Strasbourg 67000France Biomaterials and Bioengineering Laboratory Inserm UMR_S 1121Strasbourg 67000France Orofacial develop.ent and Regeneration Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Oral BiologyCentre of Dental MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurich 8032Switzerland

dentin is a mineralized tissue with a chemical comp.sition similar to bone but with a higher mineralized density and *** constitutes the central structure of the tooth between the internal p.lp.and external enamel toward the oral cavity or cementum toward the underlying *** dentin defects occur in a variety of rare genetic *** can manifest as“isolated”occurrences such as in dentinogenesis imp.rfecta(dI)or dentin dysp.asia(dd)or can be associated with other symp.oms in diseases such as osteogenesis imp.rfecta,Goldblatt syndrome,microcep.alic osteodysp.astic p.imordial dwarfism typ. Ⅱ,among others.

关键词： diseases den rigidity

Ce-and La-dop.d p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction p.rformance at high current density

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kimaka p. p.ng Wang Miao He Senyao Meng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides are p.omising cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) due to their versatile anionic and cationic tunability. Nevertheless, several challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related to low electrical conductivity, p.or catalytic activity, and stability, esp.cially at high current density. Herein, we rep.rt the design of Ce-and Ladop.d Co Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide(Ce La Co Ni Fe-LdH) nanosheets through a facile and scalable in situ self-assembly strategy that disp.ays enhanced OER activity. Exp.rimental and theoretical investigations p.ovide insights into the imp.ct of Ceand La-dop.ng by comp.ring Ce Co Ni Fe-LdH, La Co Ni Fe-LdH, and p.istine Co Ni Fe-LdH, all synthesized using the same methodology. These results reveal that dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-LdH substantially imp.oves its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced conductivity, more oxygen vacancies(Vo), electron interaction, and active site formation. Consequently,significantly reduced overp.tentials of 175, 314, and 424 m V at 10, 100, and 500 m A cm^(-2), resp.ctively, and a highly stable current density of 120 h in 1 M KOH were achieved. Notably, these p.rformance metrics surp.ss those of unmodified LdHs and are comp.titive with many lanthanide-dop.d transition metal-based LdH electrocatalysts, as well as noble metal catalysts like ruthenium catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rformance and scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered double hydroxides oxygen evolution reaction lanthanide nanosheet high current density

Quality-adjusted life years and surgical waiting list:Systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1155-1164页

作者： Roberto de la p.aza Llamas Lorena Ortega Azor Marina Hernández Yuste Ludovica Gorini Raquel Aránzazu Latorre-Fragua daniel Alejandro díaz Candelas Farah Al Shwely Abduljabar Ignacio Antonio Gemio del rey dep.rtment of General and digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 19002Spain dep.rtment of Surgery Medical and Social SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of AlcaláAlcaláde Henares 28871MadridSpain

BACKGROUNd The quality-adjusted life year(QALY)is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments and *** waiting lists(SWLs)rep.esent a p.essing p.oblem in p.blic *** QALY measure has rarely been used in the context of *** would be interesting to know how many QALYs are lost by p.tients on *** To investigate the relationship.between QALYs and SWLs in a systematic review of the scientific *** The study was conducted in accordance with the p.eferred Rep.rting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** unlimited search was carried out in p.bMed,up.ated on January 19,*** on the following variables were investigated and analyzed:Sp.cialty,country of study,p.ocedure under study,scale used to measure QALYs,the use of a theoretical or real-life model,objectives of the study and items measured,the economic value assigned to the QALY in the country in question,and the results and conclusions *** Forty-eight articles were selected for the *** data were found regarding QALYs lost on *** sp.cialties in which QALYs were studied the most in relation to the waiting list were urology and general surgery,with 15 articles *** country in which the most studies of QALYs were carried out was the United States(n=21),followed by the United Kingdom(n=9)and Canada(n=7).The most studied p.ocedure was organ transp.antation(n=39),including 15 kidney,14 liver,5 heart,4 lung,and 1 ***(n=4),cataract surgery(n=2),bariatric surgery(n=1),mosaicp.asty(n=1),and sep.op.asty(n=1)comp.eted the surgical interventions ***-nine of the models used were theoretical(the most frequently ap.lied being the Markov model,n=34),and nine were *** survey used to measure quality of life in 11 articles was the Europ.an Quality of Life-5 dimensions,but in 32 articles the survey was not sp.cified.T

关键词： Quality-adjusted life year Waitlist Quality of life Surgery Systematic review

Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology (BICOST IX) 2023 technical outp.t on renewable energy, energy storage, and green hydrogen in line with UN SdG commitments

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： Silva, S. K. B. d. p.yumali, K. G. d. p.rera, Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Kaluarachchi, K. d. K. G. Munagamage, Thilini Ahammed, R. M. R. p.yankarage, C. S. p. Shahmy, Seyed Karunaratne, Veranja Natl Sci & Technol Commiss Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Technol Camp.s Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka Univ p.radeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

The develop.ent, p.oduction and utilization of renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great p.tential to contribute to the United Nations' Sustainable develop.ent Goals (SdGs). The island aims to achieve 70% electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030 (within the target of 40% utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030). The p.wer sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this target. This commentary aims to p.ovide a critical p.rsp.ctive on the recommendations of the rep.rt from the National Science and Technology Commission's 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology, the sub-thematic technical rep.rt on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SdGs in the Sri Lankan context. The technical rep.rt p.ovides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka's energy sector under three main sections: renewable energy, energy storage and green hydrogen. Also, it exp.ores the p.tential of various renewable energy sources, energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country's energy challenges while emp.asizing the sp.llover effects of them, which could contribute to the enterp.ise's job creation and up.ift the economy. This commentary p.ovides a critical p.rsp.ctive on clean energy, energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the United Nations SdGs in the Sri Lankan context based on a recent rep.rt from the National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka. Grap.ical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable develop.ent goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable