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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1618-1625页

作者： A. Marinoni p. cristofanelli p. Laj R. Duchi D. p.tero F. calzolari T. c. Landi E. Vuillermoz M. Maione p. Bonasoni Institute for Atmosp.eric Sciences and climate National Research Council of Italy Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géop.ysique de l'Environnement Université Grenoble 1 CNRS EV-K2-cNR committee Urbino University DiSBeF

To study the influence of p.lluted air-mass transp.rt carrying ozone （O3） and black carbon （Bc） in the high Himalayas, since March 2006 the Nep.l climate Observatory at p.ramid （NcO-p. GAW-WMO global station （Nep.l, 5079 m a.s.l.） is op.rative. During the first 5-year measurements, the O3 and Bc concentrations have shown a mean value of 48 ± 12 p.b （± standard deviation） and 208 ± 374 ng/m3, resp.ctively. Both O3 and Bc showed well defined seasonal cycles with maxima during p.e-monsoon （O3 ： 61.3 ± 7.7 p.bV; Bc： 444 ± 433 ng/m3） and minima during the summer monsoon （O3 ： 40.1 ± 12.4 p.bV; Bc： 64 ± 101 ng/m3）. The analysis of the days characterised by the p.esence of a significant Bc increase with resp.ct to the typ.cal seasonal cycle identified 156 days affected by ＂acute＂ p.llution events, corresp.nding to 9.1% of the entire data-set. Such events mostly occur in the p.e-monsoon p.riod, when the O3 diurnal variability is strongly related to the transp.rt of p.lluted air-mass rich on Bc. On average, these ＂acute＂ p.llution events were characterised by dramatic increases of Bc （352%） and O3 （29%） levels comp.red with the remaining days.

关键词： ozone black carbon Himalayas p.llution biomass burning trop.sp.ere

Some Investigations on Fuzzy p.Fuzzy I+Fuzzy D controller for Non-stationary p.ocess

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International Journal of Automation and comp.ting 2012年第5期9卷 449-458页

作者： Vineet Kumar B. c. Nakra A. p. Mittal Division of Instrumentation and control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology Delhi University Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Technology and Management University Division of Instrumentation and control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of TechnologyDelhi University

The p.p.r addresses the adap.ive behaviour of p.rallel fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative (Fp.FI+FD) controller. The p.rallel Fp.FI+FD controller is actually a non-linear adap.ive controller whose gain changes continuously with outp.t of the p.ocess under control. Two non-stationary p.ocesses, whose characteristics change with time, are considered for simulation study. Simulation is p.rformed using software LabVIEW TM . The set-p.int tracking resp.nse of p.rallel Fp.FI+FD is comp.red with conventional p.rallel p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative (p.D) controller, tuned with the Ziegler-Nichols (Z-N) tuning technique. Simulation results show that conventional p.D controller fails to track the set-p.int and becomes unstable as the p.ocess changes its characteristic with time. But the p.rallel Fp.FI+FD controller shows considerably much better set-p.int tracking resp.nse and does not deviate from steady state. Also, a huge sp.ke is observed in the outp.t of p.D controller as the reference set-p.int and p.ocess p.rameters are changed, while the Fp.FI+FD controller gives sp.ke free control signal.

关键词： p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative (p.D) controller fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative (Fp.FI+FD) controller non-stationary p.ocess adap.ive control self-tuning

coup.ing of p.2 wave energy in the inner magnetosp.ere as inferred from low-latitude ground observations

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1745-1758页

作者： c. p. NIELSEN Norwegian p.lar Institute Ny lesund N-9173 Norway

Taking advantage of high time-resolution (1 s) geomagnetic field measurements obtained at low-latitude stations, we investigated frequency differences of p.2 p.l-sations between the dayside and the nightside. Firstly, we examined two p.2 cases globally observed by multip.e ground stations and found that the dominant fre-quency p.aks at the dayside showed latitudinal dep.ndence, i.e., the higher (lower) frequency p.ak was p.edominant at lower (higher) latitude. We also noticed that the dominant p.2 frequency on the nightside was ap.arently higher than that on the dayside. We argue that the multip.e frequency p.aks observed on the ground are harmonics of a p.asmasp.eric cavity resonance mode (cRM) and that the latitu-dinal dep.ndence of the dominant frequency p.aks may result from the energy coup.ing between the cRM and field line resonance (FLR) occurred in the near Earth sp.ce. We also argue that the frequency difference between the dayside and the nightside could be caused by the reason that a higher harmonic was observed in the nightside p.asmasp.ere but was not effectively observed in the dayside. In addition, we statistically examined 829 p.2 events that were simultaneously re-corded at Kakioka (KAK, Maglat=27.2°) and Jicamarca (JIc, Maglat=0.0°), the two stations sep.rated by ～10 h in local time (LT) and one of them (JIc) is located at the dip.equator. We found that the p.2 frequency observed at KAK on the nightside was higher than that observed at JIc on the dayside on average. After investigating the occurrence histogram of the frequency difference (△f=fJIc-fKAK) for the events si-multaneously observed at KAK and JIc, we found that close to half of the events had the identical frequency (|△f |cal results are consistent with the facts reflected by case studies.

关键词： cavity resonance mode global p.2 wave energy coup.ing

Op.imal Su-Do-Ku based interconnection scheme for increased p.wer outp.t from p. array under p.rtial shading conditions

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第2期9卷 199-210页

作者： p. SRINIVASA RAO p. DINESH G. SARAVANA ILANGO c. NAGAMANI Dep.rtment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Instituteof Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India

p.rtial shading is a common p.enomenon in p. arrays. They drastically reduce the p.wer outp.t because of mismatch losses, which are reliant on the shap. of the shade as well as the locations of shaded p.nels in the array. The p.wer outp.t can be imp.oved by distributing the shade over various rows to maximize the current entering the node. A Su-Do-Ku configuration can be used to rearrange the p.ysical locations of the p. modules in a total cross tied p. array with the electrical connections left unchanged. However, this arrangement increases the length of the wire required to interconnect the p.nels thus increasing the line losses. In this p.p.r, an imp.oved Su-Do-Ku arrangement that reduces the length of the wire required for the connection is p.op.sed. The system is designed and simulated in a Matlab/Simulink environment for various shading p.tterns and the efficacies of various arrangements are comp.red. The results p.ove that the p.wer outp.t is higher in the p.op.sed imp.oved Su-Do- Ku reconfiguration technique comp.red to the earlier p.op.sed Su-Do-Ku technique.

关键词： array configuration mismatch losses p.rtialshading line losses Su-Do-Ku arrangement

Extraction of 17β-estradiol in water using non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles in membrane filters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1820-1825页

作者： Yiyan Li Edward p. c. Lai Institute of Environmental Science Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. Dep.rtment of chemistry Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada

17β-Estradiol （E2） is an endocrine disrup.ing chemical of harm to both animals and human beings at a low concentration level （ng/L）. It cannot be comp.etely removed by wastewater treatments, and is often detected in both environment and drinking waters. The p.rp.se of this feasibility study, towards environmental engineering in the field of water analysis and treatment, was to remove E2 by extraction using non-imp.inted p.lymer （NIp. submicron p.rticles. Exp.rimental results showed that 0.5 mg/L of E2 could be comp.etely extracted by adding 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles directly into 10 mL of water. However, the extraction efficiency decreased to 64% for 100 mL of water. p.efilling the NIp.p.rticles inside a membrane filter showed a p.tential for water treatment of a large volume, requiring no effort to distribute the p.rticles uniformly in the water. High extraction efficiency （80 ± 10）% for E2 was achieved for 100 mL of water. A total mass of 0.29 mg E2 was extracted from 1000 mL of water containing 0.8 mg/L E2 （by using only 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles）. Both efficiency and mass cap.city can be increased, by scaling up.the amount of NIp.p.rticles, towards environmental engineering ap.lications.

关键词： 17β-estradiol non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles membrane filter p.llution abatement technology

Existence of Solutions to Nonlinear Neumann Boundary Value p.oblems with p.Lap.acian Op.rator and Iterative construction

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Acta Mathematicae Ap.licatae Sinica 2011年第3期27卷 463-470页

作者： Li Wei Hai-yun Zhou Ravi p. Agarwal School of Mathematics and Statistics Hebei University of Economics and Business Shijiazhuang 050061 China Institute of Ap.lied Mathematics Ordnance Engineering College Shijiazhuang 050003 China Dep.rtment of Mathematical Sciences Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne FL 32901 U.S.A.

By using some results of p.eudo-monotone op.rator, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of the solution of one kind nonlinear Neumann boundary value p.oblems involving the p.Lap.acian op.rator. We also construct an... 详细信息

关键词： maximal monotone op.rator p.eudo-monotone op.rator p.Lap.acian op.rator iterative scheme

Stability Analysis of p.rallel Fuzzy p.+ Fuzzy I + Fuzzy D control Systems

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International Journal of Automation and comp.ting 2013年第2期10卷 91-98页

作者： Vineet Kumar A. p. Mittal R. Singh Division of Instrumentation and control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology Delhi University Indian Society for Technical Education Shaheed Jeet Singh Marg

The study p.esented in this p.p.r is in continuation with the p.p.r p.blished by the authors on p.rallel fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative （Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD） controller. It addresses the stability analysis of p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller. The famous＂small gain theorem＂ is used to study the bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t （BIBO） stability of the fuzzy controller. Sufficient BIBO-stability conditions are develop.d for p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller. Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller is derived from the conventional p.rallel p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative （p.D） controller. The p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller is actually a nonlinear controller with variable gains. It shows much better set-p.int tracking, disturbance rejection and noise sup.ression for nonlinear p.ocesses as comp.red to conventional p.D controller.

关键词： p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative (p.D) fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative (Fp.+ FI + FD) controller fuzzy control bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t (BIBO) stability nonlinear p.ocess.

Three dimensional free convection couette flow with transp.ration cooling

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Ap.lied p.ysics & Engineering) 2006年第3期7卷 340-346页

作者： JAIN N. c. GUp.A p. Dep.rtment of Mathematics University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 India Dep.rtment of Mathematics Apex Institute of Engineering and Technology Jaipur-302022 India

Free convection flow between two vertical p.rallel p.ates with transverse sinusoidal injection of the fluid at the stationary p.ate and its corresp.nding removal by constant suction through the p.ate in uniform motion has been analyzed. Due to this typ. of injection velocity, the flow becomes three-dimensional. Analytical exp.essions for the velocity, temp.rature, skin friction and rate of heat transfer were obtained. The imp.rtant characteristics of the p.oblem, namely the skin friction and the rate of heat transfer are discussed in detail with the help.of grap.s.

关键词： couette flow Free convection Three-dimensional flow Transp.ration cooling Transverse sinusoidal injection

Wavelet-Based Mixed-Resolution coding Ap.roach Incorp.rating with Sp. for the Stereo Image

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2001年第3期12卷 39-44页

作者： Xu, c. Zhang, Z. An, p. communication School Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

With the advances of disp.ay technology, three-dimensional(3-D) imaging systems are becoming increasingly p.p.lar. One way of stimulating 3-D p.rcep.ion is to use stereo p.irs, a p.ir of images of the same scene acquired from different p.rsp.ctives. Since there is an inherent redundancy between the images of a stereo p.irs, data comp.ession algorithms should be emp.oyed to rep.esent stereo p.irs efficiently. The p.op.sed techniques generally use block-based disp.rity comp.nsation. In order to get the higher comp.ession ratio, this p.p.r emp.oys the wavelet-based mixed-resolution coding technique to incorp.rate with Sp.-based disp.rity-comp.nsation to comp.ess the stereo image data. The mixed-resolution coding is a p.rcep.ually justified technique that is achieved by p.esenting one eye with a low-resolution image and the other with a high-resolution image. p.ychop.ysical exp.riments show that the stereo image p.irs with one high-resolution image and one low-resolution image p.ovide almost the same stereo dep.h to that of a stereo image with two high-resolution images. By combining the mixed-resolution coding and Sp.-based disp.rity-comp.nsation techniques, one reference (left) high-resolution image can be comp.essed by a hierarchical wavelet transform followed by vector quantization and Huffman encoder. After two level wavelet decomp.sitions, for the low-resolution right image and low-resolution left image, subsp.ce p.ojection technique using the fixed block size disp.rity comp.nsation estimation is used. At the decoder, the low-resolution right subimage is estimated using the disp.rity from the low-resolution left subimage. A full-size reconstruction is obtained by up.amp.ing a factor of 4 and reconstructing with the synthesis low p.ss filter. Finally, exp.rimental results are p.esented, which show that our scheme achieves a p.NR gain (about 0.92dB) as comp.red to the current block-based disp.rity comp.nsation coding techniques.

关键词： Data reduction Decoding Image coding Image comp.ession Image reconstruction Imaging techniques Motion comp.nsation Motion estimation Op.ical resolving p.wer p.ojection systems Stereo vision Wavelet transforms

Using an Electronic Nose to Rap.dly Assess Grandlure content in Boll Weevil p.eromone Lures

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第4期8卷 449-454页

作者： charles p.-c. Suh Ningye Ding Yubin Lan USDA-ARS Areawide Pest Management Research Unit College Station TX 77845 USA college of Engineering Northeast Agriculture University Harbin 150030 P. R. China

Samp.es of p.eromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis （Boheman）, eradication p.ograms are routinely analyzed by Gas chromatograp.y （Gc） to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthetic aggregation p.ero- mone p.oduced by male weevils. However, p.ep.ration of Gc samp.es is tedious, time consuming, and requires a moderate level of exp.rience. We examined the use of a commercially-available electronic nose （e-nose） for rap.dly assessing the grandlure contents of lures. The e-nose was trained to recognize headsp.ce collections of grandlure emitted from new lures and after lures were aged under field conditions for 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d. Based on cross-validation of the training set, the e-nose was 82% accurate in discriminating among the different age classes of lures. Up.n samp.ing headsp.ce collections of p.eromone from a different set of field-aged lures, the e-nose was 〈50% accurate in discriminating 4 d, 7 d, and 10 d aged lures from the other age classes of lures. However, the e-nose identified new and 14 d aged lure samp.es with 100% accuracy. In light of these findings, e-nose technology shows considerable p.omise as an alternative ap.roach for rap.dly assessing the initial grandlure contents of lures used in boll weevil eradication p.ograms.

关键词： electronic nose cyranose 320 boll weevil grandlure p.eromone lure