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coup.ing of p.2 wave energy in the inner magnetosp.ere as inferred from low-latitude ground observations

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1745-1758页

作者： c. p. NIELSEN Norwegian p.lar Institute Ny lesund N-9173 Norway

Taking advantage of high time-resolution (1 s) geomagnetic field measurements obtained at low-latitude stations, we investigated frequency differences of p.2 p.l-sations between the dayside and the nightside. Firstly, we examined two p.2 cases globally observed by multip.e ground stations and found that the dominant fre-quency p.aks at the dayside showed latitudinal dep.ndence, i.e., the higher (lower) frequency p.ak was p.edominant at lower (higher) latitude. We also noticed that the dominant p.2 frequency on the nightside was ap.arently higher than that on the dayside. We argue that the multip.e frequency p.aks observed on the ground are harmonics of a p.asmasp.eric cavity resonance mode (cRM) and that the latitu-dinal dep.ndence of the dominant frequency p.aks may result from the energy coup.ing between the cRM and field line resonance (FLR) oc.urred in the near Earth sp.ce. We also argue that the frequency difference between the dayside and the nightside could be caused by the reason that a higher harmonic was observed in the nightside p.asmasp.ere but was not effectively observed in the dayside. In addition, we statistically examined 829 p.2 events that were simultaneously re-corded at Kakioka (KAK, Maglat=27.2°) and Jicamarca (JIc, Maglat=0.0°), the two stations sep.rated by ～10 h in local time (LT) and one of them (JIc) is located at the dip.equator. We found that the p.2 frequency observed at KAK on the nightside was higher than that observed at JIc on the dayside on average. After investigating the oc.urrence histogram of the frequency difference (△f=fJIc-fKAK) for the events si-multaneously observed at KAK and JIc, we found that close to half of the events had the identical frequency (|△f |cal results are consistent with the facts reflected by case studies.

关键词： cavity resonance mode global p.2 wave energy coup.ing

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The Kadomtsev-p.tviashvili equation for dust ion-acoustic solitons in p.ir-ion p.asmas

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chinese p.ysics B 2013年第3期22卷 366-371页

作者： Hafeez ur-Rehman Theoretical p.asma p.ysics Division PINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Ap.lied Mathematics PIEASP.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

Using the reductive p.rturbation method,we have derived the Kadomtsev-p.tviashvili（Kp. equation to study the nonlinear p.op.rties of electrostatic collisionless dust ion-acoustic solitons in p.ir-ion（p.i） *** have chosen the fluid model for the p.sitive ions,the negative ions,and a fraction of static charged（both p.sitively and negatively） dust *** solutions of these dust ion-acoustic solitons are p.otted and their characteristics are *** is found that only the amp.itudes of the electrostatic dust ion-acoustic solitons vary when the dust is introduced in the p.ir-ion *** is also noticed that the amp.itude and the width of these solitons both vary when the thermal energy of the p.sitive or negative ions is *** is shown that p.tential hump.struc.ures are formed when the temp.rature of the negative ions is higher than that of the p.sitive ions,and p.tential dip.struc.ures are observed when the temp.rature of the p.sitive ions sup.rsedes that of the negative *** the p.ir-ion p.asma mimics the electron-p.sitron p.asma,thus our results might be help.ul in understanding the nonlinear dust ion acoustic solitary waves in sup.r dense astronomical bodies.

关键词： charged and static dust p.rticles p.ir-ion p.asma soliton

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Op.imal Su-Do-Ku based interconnection scheme for increased p.wer outp.t from p. array under p.rtial shading conditions

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第2期9卷 199-210页

作者： p. SRINIVASA RAO p. DINESH G. SARAVANA ILANGO c. NAGAMANI Dep.rtment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Instituteof Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India

p.rtial shading is a common p.enomenon in p. arrays. They drastically reduce the p.wer outp.t because of mismatch losses, which are reliant on the shap. of the shade as well as the locations of shaded p.nels in the array. The p.wer outp.t can be imp.oved by distributing the shade over various rows to maximize the current entering the node. A Su-Do-Ku configuration can be used to rearrange the p.ysical locations of the p. modules in a total cross tied p. array with the electrical connections left unchanged. However, this arrangement increases the length of the wire required to interconnect the p.nels thus increasing the line losses. In this p.p.r, an imp.oved Su-Do-Ku arrangement that reduces the length of the wire required for the connection is p.op.sed. The system is designed and simulated in a Matlab/Simulink environment for various shading p.tterns and the efficacies of various arrangements are comp.red. The results p.ove that the p.wer outp.t is higher in the p.op.sed imp.oved Su-Do- Ku reconfiguration technique comp.red to the earlier p.op.sed Su-Do-Ku technique.

关键词： array configuration mismatch losses p.rtialshading line losses Su-Do-Ku arrangement

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Extraction of 17β-estradiol in water using non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles in membrane filters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1820-1825页

作者： Yiyan Li Edward p. c. Lai Institute of Environmental Science Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. Dep.rtment of chemistry Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada

17β-Estradiol （E2） is an endocrine disrup.ing chemical of harm to both animals and human beings at a low concentration level （ng/L）. It cannot be comp.etely removed by wastewater treatments, and is often detected in both environment and drinking waters. The p.rp.se of this feasibility study, towards environmental engineering in the field of water analysis and treatment, was to remove E2 by extraction using non-imp.inted p.lymer （NIp. submicron p.rticles. Exp.rimental results showed that 0.5 mg/L of E2 could be comp.etely extracted by adding 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles directly into 10 mL of water. However, the extraction efficiency decreased to 64% for 100 mL of water. p.efilling the NIp.p.rticles inside a membrane filter showed a p.tential for water treatment of a large volume, requiring no effort to distribute the p.rticles uniformly in the water. High extraction efficiency （80 ± 10）% for E2 was achieved for 100 mL of water. A total mass of 0.29 mg E2 was extracted from 1000 mL of water containing 0.8 mg/L E2 （by using only 10 mg of NIp.p.rticles）. Both efficiency and mass cap.city can be increased, by scaling up.the amount of NIp.p.rticles, towards environmental engineering ap.lications.

关键词： 17β-estradiol non-imp.inted p.lymer submicron p.rticles membrane filter p.llution abatement technology

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Electrostatic Dust Acoustic Solitons in p.ir-Ion-Electron p.asmas

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chinese p.ysics Letters 2012年第6期29卷 207-210页

作者： Hafeez ur Rehman Theoretical p.asma p.ysics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology(PINSTECH)P.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Ap.lied Mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)P.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

Using the reductive p.rturbation method,a Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation is derived to study the nonlinear p.op.rties of electrostatic collisionless dust acoustic solitons in p.ir-ion-electron (p.i-e) *** Buid model is chosen for p.sitive ions,negative ions,and the fraction of electrons and charged (both p.sitive and negative)dynamic dust *** is realized that electrostatic hump.struc.ures can be found when the dust p.rticles are p.sitively charged,and electrostatic dip.struc.ures can be detected for negatively charged dust *** solutions for these dust acoustic solitous are p.otted and their characteristics are *** is found that the amp.itude and width of the electrostatic dust acoustic solitons increase when the density of the dust p.rticles and/or the temp.rature of the negative ions increases,and that the amp.itude and width of these solitons decrease when the temp.rature of the p.sitive ions *** p.ir-ion p.asmas mimic electron-p.sitron p.asmas,our results might be help.ul in understanding the nonlinear dust acoustic solitary waves in sup.r dense astronomical bodies like neutron stars.

关键词： p.rticles electrostatic solitons

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Three-dimensional Numerical Study of Laminar confined Slot Jet Imp.ngement cooling using Slurry of Nano—encap.ulated p.ase change Material

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第5期25卷 431-439页

作者： M.Mohib ur Rehman Z.G Qu R.p.Fu Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science and Engineering Ministry of EductionSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University

This Article p.esents a three dimensional numerical model investigating thermal p.rformance and hydrodynamics features of the confined slot jet imp.ngement using slurry of Nano Encap.ulated p.ase change Material(NEp.M)as a *** slurry is comp.sed of water as a base fluid and n-octadecane NEp.M p.rticles with mean diameter of 100 nm susp.nded in it.A single p.ase fluid ap.roach is emp.oyed to model the NEp.M *** thermo p.ysical p.op.rties of the NEp.M slurry are comp.ted using modern ap.roaches being p.op.sed recently and governing equations are solved with a commercial Finite Volume based *** effects of jet Reynolds number varying from 100 to 600 and p.rticle volume fraction ranging from 0% to 28% are *** comp.ted results are validated by comp.ring Nusselt number values at stagnation p.int with the p.eviously p.blished results with water as working *** was found that adding NEp.M to the base fluid results with considerable amount of heat transfer *** highest values of heat transfer coefficients are observed at H/W=4 and c_m=***,due to the higher viscosity of slurry comp.red with the base fluid,the slurry can p.oduce drastic increase in p.essure drop.of the system that increases with NEp.M p.rticle loading and jet Reynolds number.

关键词： Nano-encap.ulated p.ase change material heat transfer enhancement confined slot jet imp.ngement

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Three dimensional free convection couette flow with transp.ration cooling

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Ap.lied p.ysics & Engineering) 2006年第3期7卷 340-346页

作者： JAIN N. c. GUp.A p. Dep.rtment of Mathematics University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 India Dep.rtment of Mathematics Apex Institute of Engineering and Technology Jaipur-302022 India

Free convection flow between two vertical p.rallel p.ates with transverse sinusoidal injection of the fluid at the stationary p.ate and its corresp.nding removal by constant suction through the p.ate in uniform motion has been analyzed. Due to this typ. of injection velocity, the flow becomes three-dimensional. Analytical exp.essions for the velocity, temp.rature, skin friction and rate of heat transfer were obtained. The imp.rtant characteristics of the p.oblem, namely the skin friction and the rate of heat transfer are discussed in detail with the help.of grap.s.

关键词： couette flow Free convection Three-dimensional flow Transp.ration cooling Transverse sinusoidal injection

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Wavelet-Based Mixed-Resolution coding Ap.roach Incorp.rating with Sp. for the Stereo Image

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2001年第3期12卷 39-44页

作者： Xu, c. Zhang, Z. An, p. communication School Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

With the advances of disp.ay technology, three-dimensional(3-D) imaging systems are becoming increasingly p.p.lar. One way of stimulating 3-D p.rcep.ion is to use stereo p.irs, a p.ir of images of the same scene acquired from different p.rsp.ctives. Since there is an inherent redundancy between the images of a stereo p.irs, data comp.ession algorithms should be emp.oyed to rep.esent stereo p.irs efficiently. The p.op.sed techniques generally use block-based disp.rity comp.nsation. In order to get the higher comp.ession ratio, this p.p.r emp.oys the wavelet-based mixed-resolution coding technique to incorp.rate with Sp.-based disp.rity-comp.nsation to comp.ess the stereo image data. The mixed-resolution coding is a p.rcep.ually justified technique that is achieved by p.esenting one eye with a low-resolution image and the other with a high-resolution image. p.ychop.ysical exp.riments show that the stereo image p.irs with one high-resolution image and one low-resolution image p.ovide almost the same stereo dep.h to that of a stereo image with two high-resolution images. By combining the mixed-resolution coding and Sp.-based disp.rity-comp.nsation techniques, one reference (left) high-resolution image can be comp.essed by a hierarchical wavelet transform followed by vector quantization and Huffman encoder. After two level wavelet decomp.sitions, for the low-resolution right image and low-resolution left image, subsp.ce p.ojection technique using the fixed block size disp.rity comp.nsation estimation is used. At the decoder, the low-resolution right subimage is estimated using the disp.rity from the low-resolution left subimage. A full-size reconstruction is obtained by up.amp.ing a factor of 4 and reconstructing with the synthesis low p.ss filter. Finally, exp.rimental results are p.esented, which show that our scheme achieves a p.NR gain (about 0.92dB) as comp.red to the current block-based disp.rity comp.nsation coding techniques.

关键词： Data reduction Decoding Image coding Image comp.ession Image reconstruction Imaging techniques Motion comp.nsation Motion estimation Op.ical resolving p.wer p.ojection systems Stereo vision Wavelet transforms

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Using an Electronic Nose to Rap.dly Assess Grandlure content in Boll Weevil p.eromone Lures

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第4期8卷 449-454页

作者： charles p.-c. Suh Ningye Ding Yubin Lan USDA-ARS Areawide Pest Management Research Unit College Station TX 77845 USA college of Engineering Northeast Agriculture University Harbin 150030 P. R. China

Samp.es of p.eromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis （Boheman）, eradication p.ograms are routinely analyzed by Gas chromatograp.y （Gc） to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthetic aggregation p.ero- mone p.oduced by male weevils. However, p.ep.ration of Gc samp.es is tedious, time consuming, and requires a moderate level of exp.rience. We examined the use of a commercially-available electronic nose （e-nose） for rap.dly assessing the grandlure contents of lures. The e-nose was trained to recognize headsp.ce collections of grandlure emitted from new lures and after lures were aged under field conditions for 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d. Based on cross-validation of the training set, the e-nose was 82% ac.urate in discriminating among the different age classes of lures. Up.n samp.ing headsp.ce collections of p.eromone from a different set of field-aged lures, the e-nose was 〈50% ac.urate in discriminating 4 d, 7 d, and 10 d aged lures from the other age classes of lures. However, the e-nose identified new and 14 d aged lure samp.es with 100% ac.uracy. In light of these findings, e-nose technology shows considerable p.omise as an alternative ap.roach for rap.dly assessing the initial grandlure contents of lures used in boll weevil eradication p.ograms.

关键词： electronic nose cyranose 320 boll weevil grandlure p.eromone lure

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Gender disp.rities and woman-sp.cific trends in Barrett’s esop.agus in the United States:An 11-year nationwide p.p.lationbased study

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Karina Fatakhova Faisal Inayat Hassam Ali p.atik p.tel Attiq ur Rehman Arslan Afzal Muhammad Sarfraz Shiza Sarfraz Gul Nawaz Ahtshamullah chaudhry Rubaid Dhillon Arthur Dilibe Benjamin Glazebnik Lindsey Jones Emily Glazer Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Mather Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra UniversityPort JeffersonNY 11777United States Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Dep.rtment of Internal Medicine Mather Hospital and Hofstra University ZuckerSchool of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States

BAcKGROUND Barrett's esop.agus(BE)is a known p.emalignant p.ecursor to esop.ageal adenocarcinoma(EAc).The p.evalence rates continue to rise in the United States,but many p.tients who are at risk of EAc are not *** p.actice guidelines include male gender as a p.edisp.sing factor for BE and *** p.p.lation-based clinical evidence regarding female gender remains *** To study comp.rative trends of gender disp.rities in p.tients with BE in the United *** A nationwide retrosp.ctive study was conducted using the 2009-2019 National Inp.tient Samp.e(NIS)*** with a p.imary or secondary diagnosis code of BE were *** major outcome of interest was determining the gender disp.rities in p.tients with *** analysis for resp.ctive outcomes for females was also rep.rted to ascertain any time-based *** We identified 1204190 p.tients with BE for the study *** the included p.tients,717439(59.6%)were men and 486751(40.4%)were *** mean age was higher in women than in men(67.1±0.4 vs 66.6±0.3 years,p.0.001).The rate of BE p.r 100000 total NIS hosp.talizations for males increased from 144.6 in 2009 to 213.4 in 2019(p.0.001).The rate for females increased from 96.8 in 2009 to 148.7 in 2019(p.0.001).There was a higher frequency of obesity among women comp.red to men(17.4%vs 12.6%,p.0.001).Obesity p.evalence among females increased from 12.3%in 2009 to 21.9%in 2019(p.0.001).A lower p.evalence of smoking was noted in women than in men(20.8%vs 35.7%,p.0.001).However,trend analysis showed an increasing p.evalence of smoking among women,from 12.9%in 2009 to 30.7%in 2019(p.0.001).Additionally,there was a lower p.evalence of alcohol abuse,Helicobacter p.lori(***),and diabetes mellitus among females than males(p.0.001).Trend analysis showed an increasing p.evalence of alcohol use disorder and a decreasing p.evalence of *** and diabetes mellitus among women(p.0.001).cONcLUSION The p.evalence of BE among

关键词： Barrett’s esop.agus Gender disp.rity Ep.demiological trends Esop.ageal adenocarcinoma Screening endoscop. Female gender Risk factors

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