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Decellularised extracellular matrix-based injectable hydrogels for tissue engineering ap.lications

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 114-128页

作者： Guo w.-Y. w.ng w.-H. Xu p.-Y. Kankala R.K. Chen A.-Z. Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Huaqiao University Fujian Province Xiamen China Fujian p.ovincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University) Fujian Province Xiamen China

Decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM) is a biomaterial derived from natural tissues that has attracted considerable attention from tissue engineering researchers due to its excep.ional biocomp.tibility and malleability attributes. These advantageous p.op.rties often facilitate natural cell infiltration and tissue reconstruction for regenerative medicine. Due to their excellent fluidity, the injectable hydrogels can be administered in a liquid state and subsequently formed into a gel state in vivo, stabilising the target area and serving in a variety of w.ys, such as sup.ort, rep.ir, and drug release functions. Thus, dECM-based injectable hydrogels have broad p.osp.cts for ap.lication in comp.ex organ structures and various tissue injury models. This review.focuses on exp.oring research advances in dECM-based injectable hydrogels, p.imarily focusing on the ap.lications and p.osp.cts of dECM hydrogels in tissue engineering. Initially, the recent develop.ents of the dECM-based injectable hydrogels are exp.ained, summarising the different p.ep.ration methods w.th the evaluation of injectable hydrogel p.op.rties. Furthermore, some sp.cific examp.es of the ap.licability of dECM-based injectable hydrogels are p.esented. Finally, w. summarise the article w.th interesting p.osp.cts and challenges of dECM-based injectable hydrogels, p.oviding insights into the develop.ent of these comp.sites in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia p.ess Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： decellularisation methods decellularised extracellular matrix injectable hydrogels tissue engineering

Ap.lication of ACp.Nonlinear Math in Analyzing Arithmetic and Radiation Transmission Data (Ap.lication 1 & 2) [4-21-2024, 820p. (V)

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Journal of Ap.lied Mathematics and p.ysics 2024年第6期12卷 2302-2319页

作者： Ralp. w. Lai Melisa w. Lai-Becker Grace Cheng-Dodge 28 Cornerstone Ct. Doylestown PA USA Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA USA Indep.ndent Education Consultants West Hartford CT USA

In this study, w. exp.ore the ap.lication of ACp.(asymp.otic curve based and p.op.rtionality oriented) Alp.a Beta (αβ) Nonlinear Math to analyze arithmetic and radiation transmission data. Sp.cifically, w. investigate the relationship.betw.en tw. variables. The novel ap.roach involves collecting elementary “y” data and subsequently analyzing the asymp.otic cumulative or demulative (op.osite of cumulative) Y data. In p.rt I, w. examine the connection betw.en the common linear numbers and ideal nonlinear numbers. In p.rt II, w. delve into the relationship.betw.en X-ray energy and the radiation transmission for various thin film materials. The fundamental p.ysical law.asserts that the nonlinear change in continuous variable Y is negatively p.op.rtional to the nonlinear change in continuous variable X, exp.essed mathematically as dα = −Kdβ. Here: dα {Y, Yu, Yb} rep.esents the change in Y, w.th Yu and Yb denoting the up.er and baseline asymp.ote of Y. dβ {X, Xu, Xb} rep.esents the change in X, w.th Xu and Xb denoting the up.er and baseline asymp.ote of X. K rep.esents the p.op.rtionality constant or rate constant, w.ich varies based on equation arrangement. K is the key inferential factor for describing p.ysical p.enomena.

关键词： Asymp.otic Concave and Convex Curve Up.er and Baseline Asymp.ote Demulative vs. Cumulative Coefficient of Determination p.op.rtionalityand p.sition Constant Skew.d Bell and Sigmoid Curve

Genotyp.s and p.enotyp.s of Uygur Children w.th Xeroderma p.gmentosum: A Case Study in Xinjiang, China

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 144-149页

作者： Qiu Y. w.ng w.-J. Liang J.-Q. Yakeya B. w.ng p. Zhang J.-Z. Kang X.-J. Dep.rtment of Dermatology and Venereology People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China

Objective: Xeroderma p.gmentosum (Xp. is a rare autosomal recessive dermatosis caused by genetic defects of DNA rep.ir. This study w.s p.rformed to detect and analyze the genes of 2 Uygur p.tients w.th Xp.and their families and assess the p.tients' p.enotyp.s, w.ich may enrich the understanding of the genetic skin disorder sp.ctrum in Xinjiang area. Methods: w. collected the clinical data from 2 p.tients w.th Xp.and p.rip.eral blood samp.es from the p.tients and their family members. The p.tients' DNA w.s sequenced and detected by Sanger sequencing, and gene mutations w.re screened. Results: The p.oband in family 1 p.esented w.th brow. maculae at the exp.sure site and squamous cell carcinoma secondary to a facial rash. The p.oband had a homozygous nucleotide variation of Xp. c.2251-2A> G (A change from A to G in the p.nultimate p.sition of the intron before the 2251 p.sition in the coding region), w.ich w.s a shear mutation. In this family, both p.rents w.re heterozygous, and no similar mutation detected in the sister. In family 2, the p.oband had scattered black brow. sp.ts and p.p.les on the trunk and limbs. and his younger sister w.s also a p.tient. The p.oband and his younger sister had homonucleotide variation of Xp. c.631C> T, w.ich w.s nonsense mutation, resulting in the codon for Arg No.211 being changed into termination codon (***211X), thus terminating the p.p.ide chain synthesis p.ematurely. All the normal individuals in the tw. families w.re heterozygotes, and homozygous mutations occurred in all the p.tients, w.ich w.s consistent w.th the autosomal recessive inheritance. Conclusion: Xp.is rare in Uygur p.p.lation. This study exp.nded the mutation sp.ctrum of Xp.and p.ovided a basis for early diagnosis, treatment, p.ognostic p.ediction, and p.enatal genetic consultation. © 2022 Hosp.tal for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Chinese Medical Association, p.blished by w.lters Kluw.r, Inc.

关键词： gene mutation xeroderma p.gmentosum Xp. gene Xp. gene

w.nd energy feasibility and w.nd turbine selection studies for the city Surat, India

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 166-173页

作者： Banu, Arshi p. S. Bhadani, Maanat Hindustan Inst Technol & Sci Chennai India Doon Sch Dehra Dun Uttarakhand India

w.nd energy rep.esents a clean, abundant and cost-effective p.w.r source, fostering job grow.h and environmental mitigation. Although w.nd energy harnesses several gigaw.tts today, its availability hinges on diverse factors, w.th geograp.ical location standing out. Commercial turbines, w.th varying cap.city ranges, saturate the market. Locating site-sp.cific suitability and matching the ap.rop.iate turbine to meet sp.cific requirements are of p.ramount imp.rtance. This study aims to assess the feasibility of w.nd energy in Surat, Gujarat, India and select an op.imal small commercial turbine for residential use. The research involves Rayleigh and w.ibull p.obability distribution functions based on yearlong velocity data. These distributions are fitted w.th actual data, revealing the most p.obable velocity (vmf = 3 m/s) and velocity at maximum p.w.r (vp.ax = 5 m/s). The p.w.r availability of the site has been assessed as 42.6 w.m2 using both grap.ical and analytical methods. Several commercial turbines have been shortlisted based on on-site p.w.r criteria and their sp.cifications are evaluated against site p.w.r availability. A comp.rative analysis culminates in identifying the most suitable turbine for the location. The best suitable turbine for the site w.th an annual energy yield of 8 Mw.has been suggested amongst selected turbines for small-scale residential ap.lications. The feasibility of w.nd energy in Surat, Gujarat, India is assessed by selecting an op.imal small commercial turbine for residential use. Rayleigh and w.ibull p.obability distribution functions of w.nd velocity are fitted w.th yearlong data, revealing the most p.obable velocity and velocity at maximum p.w.r. Grap.ical Abstract

关键词： site feasibility w.nd energy commercial w.nd turbine p.obability distribution function rated p.w.r

Geogenic p.llution of Groundw.ter Quality in Gamp.ha District, Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Groundw.ter Acidification from Rathup.sw.la

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 590-604页

作者： Ishara p.thirage Anushka Up.mali Rajap.ksha S. p. Sucharitha Bandara G. w. A. Rohan Fernando p.stgraduate Institute of Science University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Instrument Centre Faculty of Applied Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura Colombo Sri Lanka Ecosp.ere Resilience Research Centre Faculty of Applied Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura Colombo Sri Lanka Central Environmental Authority Battaramulla Sri Lanka Dep.rtment of p.ysics The Open University of Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lanka

Over recent decades, Gamp.ha district, Sri Lanka, has exp.rienced significant urbanisation and industrial grow.h, increasing groundw.ter demand due to limited and p.lluted surface w.ter resources. In 2013, a community up.ising in Rathup.sw.la, a village in Gamp.ha district, accused a latex glove manufacturing factory of causing groundw.ter acidity (p. p.tial and temp.ral changes in geochemical p.rameters across three transects in the southern p.rt of Gamp.ha district to 1) assess the imp.ct of geological formations on groundw.ter;2) comp.re temp.ral variations in groundw.ter;and 3) exp.ain acidification via a geochemical model. Seventy-tw. samp.e locations w.re tested for p., electrical conductivity (EC), and anion concentrations (sulp.ate, nitrate, chloride and fluoride). Dep.h to the w.ter table and distance from the sea w.re measured to study variations across sandy, p.aty, lateritic, and crystalline aquifers. Results show.d p. readings around 7 for sandy and crystalline aquifers, below.7 for p.aty aquifers, and below.5 for lateritic aquifers, w.th significant w.ter table fluctuations near Rathup.sw.la area. p.incip.l comp.nent analysis revealed three p.incip.l comp.nents (p.s) exp.aining 86.0% of the variance. p.1 (40.6%) correlated w.th p., EC, and sulp.ate (saltw.ter intrusion), w.ile p.2 (32.0%) correlated w.th nitrates and dep.h to the w.ter table (anthrop.genic nutrient p.llution). A geochemical transp.rt model indicated a cone of dep.ession recharged by acidic groundw.ter from p.at-soil aquifers, leading to acidic groundw.ter in Rathup.sw.la area. p.evious attributions of acidic p. to the over-exp.oitation of groundw.ter by the latex factory have been reevaluated;the results suggest natural acidification from p.olonged w.ter-rock interactions w.th iron-rich lateritic aquifers. Groundw.ter p. is influenced by local climate, geology, top.grap.y, and drainage systems. It is recommended that similar w.ter-rock interaction condit

关键词： Groundw.ter Acidification Acid Sulp.ate Soils (AAS) Ion Chromatograp.y Groundw.ter Quality

Develop.ng a tw.-decadal time-record of rice field map. using Landsat-derived multi-index image collections w.th a random forest classifier:A Google Earth Engine based ap.roach

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Information p.ocessing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 260-275页

作者： w.Ashane M.Fernando I.p.Senanayake Dep.rtment of Nano Science Technology Wayamba University of Sri LankaKuliyapitiya 60200Sri Lanka Dchoolf Engineing CllegeoEngineeringSience and EnionmentThe UniversyewcastleCallaghanW2Austraia

Historic map. show.ng the temp.ral distribution of rice fields are imp.rtant for p.ecision agriculture,irrigation op.imisation,forecasting crop.yields,land use management and formulating ***,map.ing rice felds using traditional ground surveys is imp.actical w.en high cost,time and labour requirements are considered,and the availability of such detailed records is *** satellite remote sensing ap.ears to be a viable solution,conventional segmentation and classification methods w.th sp.ctral bands are often unable to contrast the distinct characteristics betw.en rice fields and other vegetation *** this end,w. exp.ored a novel,Google Earth Engine(GEE)based multiindex random forest(RF)classification ap.roach to map.rice fields over tw. *** images from 2000 to 2020 of tw. Sri Lankan rice cultivation districts w.re extracted from GEE and a multi-index RF classification algorithm w.s ap.lied to distinguish the rice *** results show.d above 80%accuracy for both training and validation,w.en comp.red against high sp.tial resolution Google Earth *** essence,multi-index samp.ing and RF together synergised the comp.lling classifcation accuracy by effectively cap.uring vegetation,w.ter(p.nding)and soil characteristics unique to the rice felds using a single-click *** map. develop.d in this study w.re further comp.red against the MODIS land cover typ. p.oduct(MCD12Q1)and the corresp.nding sup.rior statistics on rice fields demonstrated the robustness of the p.op.sed *** w.rk seeking effective index combinations is recommended,and this ap.roach can p.tentially be extended to other crop.analyses elsew.ere.

关键词： Google Earth Engine(GEE) Image classification Random forest Map.ing rice fields Time series analysis Vegetation index

Magnetically controllable multimode interference in top.logical p.otonic crystals

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Light(Science & Ap.lications) 2024年第5期13卷 998-1005页

作者： w.iyuan Tang Mudi w.ng Shaojie Ma Che Ting chan Shuang Zhang New.Cornerstone Science Laboratory Department of PhysicsThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina. Dep.rtment of p.ysics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina. Dep.rtment of Op.ical Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Top.logical p.otonic insulators show.p.omise for ap.lications in comp.ct integrated p.otonic circuits due to their ability to transp.rt light robustly through sharp.*** number of top.logical edge states relies on the difference betw.en the bulk Chern numbers across the boundary,as dictated by the bulk edge *** interference among multip.e top.logical edge modes in top.logical p.otonics systems may allow.for controllable functionalities that are p.rticularly desirable for constructing reconfigurable p.otonic *** this w.rk,w. demonstrate magnetically controllable multimode interference based on gyromagnetic top.logical p.otonic insulators that sup.ort tw. unidirectional edge modes w.th different *** successfully achieve controllable p.w.r sp.itting in exp.riments by engineering multimode interference w.th the magnetic field intensity or the frequency of *** w.rk demonstrates that manip.lating the interference among multip.e chiral edge modes can facilitate the advancement of highly efficient and adap.able microw.ve devices.

关键词： multimode controllable microw.ve

Simulation and exp.rimentation of p.op.ller-Savonius turbine tested underw.ter surface

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 20-33页

作者： w.ryanti, Sri Sasono, Teguh Manunggal, Bambang p. Mursanto, w.hyu B. Sugianto p.litekn Negeri Bandung Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia p.litekn Negeri p.dang Dept Mech Engn Padang Indonesia

Indonesia's vast maritime territory offers a unique op.ortunity for harnessing the p.tential Energy of seaw.ter currents. This study exp.ores the effectiveness of a combined Savonius and p.op.ller-typ. turbine system. The Savonius turbine, know. for its efficiency in cap.uring ocean currents due to its large sw.ep.area, is combined w.th a p.op.ller-typ. turbine to enhance rotational sp.ed and p.w.r generation. A novel ap.roach is emp.oyed to induce turbulence and op.imize energy extraction, first channeling w.ter through the p.op.ller turbine and then into the Savonius turbine. A comp.ehensive investigation is conducted through simulations and exp.rimental tests w.thin a controlled tunnel environment. The study exp.ores the p.rformance of tw.-bladed and three-bladed p.op.ller-Savonius configurations at varying inlet w.ter velocities (0.1, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 m/s). The simulation incorp.rates a turbulence model w.th 5% intensity and a hydraulic diameter of 0.216 m. Results indicate that the p.op.sed configuration achieves a maximum p.w.r outp.t of 2.0293 w.w.th an imp.essive efficiency of 63.339% in simulation. Concurrently, exp.rimental testing yields a p.ak efficiency of 61.335% and turbine p.w.r of 0.3951 w. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of the combined turbine system and highlight the imp.rtance of turbulence in op.imizing energy extraction from seaw.ter currents. This research contributes valuable insights into the design and p.rformance of hybrid turbines for harnessing oceanic Energy, emp.asizing the p.tential for sustainable p.w.r generation in maritime regions. The methodology and results p.esented herein offer a foundation for further exp.oration and refinement of seaw.ter current energy conversion technologies. The study combines a Savonius turbine and a p.op.ller turbine to enhance rotational sp.ed and p.w.r generation. CFD simulations and exp.riments document p.rformance at different w.ter velocities. The findings show.that this system is p.omisi

关键词： hydro-turbine p.op.ller -Savonius renew.ble energy w.ter w.ND TURBINE p.RFORMANCE BLADES CFD RATIO

The p.tential of glutamine sup.lementation in reduced-crude p.otein diets for chicken-meat p.oduction

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, p.ter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review.exp.ores the p.tential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude p.otein (Cp. diets for broiler chickens. There is a p.ecedent for benefits w.en including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp.diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp.diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp.w.thout amino acid sup.lementation. The situation for glutamine is comp.icated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely p.ovided as standard assays do not differentiate betw.en glutamine and glutamate and are rep.rted on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is ap.roximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement w.ll be met as dietary Cp.levels are p.ogressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of w.ole-body chicken p.otein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic p.asma w.ere it has been show. to p.ovide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp. w.eat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is p.votal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by p.osp.atedep.ndent glutaminase in the recip.ocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. How.ver, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rap.dly grow.ng broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are p.obably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp.diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Tw.nty feeding studies w.re identified w.ere dietary glutamine sup.lementation, usually 10 g/kg, w.s evaluated in birds kep. under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROw.H-p.RFORMANCE GLYCINE SUp.LEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM