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p.troleum hydrocarbon concentrations in eight mollusc sp.cies along Tamilnadu coast, Bay of Bengal, India

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1129-1134页

作者： S. Veerasingam R. Venkatachalap.thy S. sudhakar p. Raja V. Rajeswari Dep.rtment of p.ysics Annamalai University Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University

Eight mollusc sp.cies and sediment samp.es collected from three different stations along Tamilnadu coast, Bay of Bengal, India were analysed for the levels of p.troleum hydrocarbons to elucidate the status of the p.troleum residues in mollusc meant for human consump.ion. The concentrations of p.troleum hydrocarbons in sediments along Tamilnadu coast varied from 5.04–25.5 μg/g dw （dry weight）. High concentration of p.troleum hydrocarbons in the sediment of Up.anar estuary （25.5 ± 1.45 μg/g dw） was p.rhap. land and marine based anthrop.genic sources of this region. The p.troleum hydrocarbon residues in eight mollusc sp.cies collected from Up.anar, Vellar and Coleroon estuaries varied between 2.44–6.04 μg/g ww （wet weight）. Although the concentration of p.troleum hydrocarbons in sediment of the Up.anar region was markedly higher than the background, the p.troleum hydrocarbon residues in mollusc collected from Up.anar estuary did not suggest bioaccumulation. The results signified that industrial growth has affected the aquatic environments and regular monitoring will help.to adop. stringent p.llution control measures for better management of the aquatic region.

关键词： p.troleum hydrocarbons sediment mollusc p.llution Tamilnadu coast

Effect of growing media on seed germination and vigor in biofuel tree sp.cies

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 909-913页

作者： N. Mariap.an p. Srimathi L. Sundaramoorthi K. sudhakar Dep.rtment of Forestry Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture Manakkadavu Pollachi -642103 Tamil Nadu India Dep.rtment of Seed Science and Technology Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture Manakkadavu Pollachi -642103 Tamil Nadu India

To evaluate laboratory germination media, seed germi- nation rates and methodology for both Jatrop.a curcas and p.ngamia p.nnata were counted in different germination medium, such as river sand, quartz sand and vermiculite. The seeds of both sp.cies were sown at 2-cm dep.h of river sand, quartz sand and vermiculite. We evaluated methodologies of seeds of J. curcas and p. p.nnata by ISTA （Interna- tional Seed Testing Association）. The results showed that river sand is the best medium for tree seeds p.anted at 2-cm dep.h of River sand. Vermiculite was second best. On p.p.r media, there were many abnor- mal seedlings and this media were unsuitable for germination of the larger seeds.

关键词： Jatrop.a curcas p.ngamia p.nnata germination media normal seedlings

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竹子作为结构荷载构件：实验性能评估

世界竹藤通讯 2012年第4期10卷 47-47页

作者： Smita Chugh Anurag Kangdya Sanjeev Singh C. Korde p. sudhakar 印度科技研究所乡村发展中心印度尼马大学土木工程系

竹子自古就是建筑材料，但其使用因屋顶的荷载分布受到限制。竹建筑技术的标准化受制于不同地理和环境条件下竹子性能各有不同。另外，由于缺乏成本效益来确定竹结构的安全性，竹子不能大量用在建筑结构中。为解决这些缺点和对竹子作为... 详细信息

竹子自古就是建筑材料，但其使用因屋顶的荷载分布受到限制。竹建筑技术的标准化受制于不同地理和环境条件下竹子性能各有不同。另外，由于缺乏成本效益来确定竹结构的安全性，竹子不能大量用在建筑结构中。为解决这些缺点和对竹子作为建筑荷载构件的研究中不足，本试验研究评估了结构竹横梁的荷载能力，该实验是通过特别设计的测验设备来进行的。通过对横梁结构的荷载分析，取得了可喜的成果，从而证明竹子有极高可能用于建筑结构的荷载构件。将竹子大量用在建筑上不仅能提供更多的经济适用房，还可以解决环境问题。

关键词：竹子绿色建筑经济适用房环境因素

A 2D numerical ocean model on the Coriolis and wind stress effects using Stochastics

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Theoretical & Ap.lied Mechanics Letters 2021年第4期11卷 224-229页

作者： sudhakar Matle Dep.rtment of Mathematcs VIT-AP UniversityAmaravati-522237India

Ocean basin is modeled as a two-dimensional closed,bounded domain in which the fluid flow is governed by the comp.ex p.rtial differential equations in the flow *** in view that the ocean currents are non-viscous,no normal flow conditions are used at the basin *** p.rameters investigated here are:Coriolis p.rameter,wind stress coefficient,and *** differential equations in time scales are solved by deterministic and stochastic *** results concluded that streamlines are symmetric about stagnation p.int(no flow)for 0p.p.anck equation schemes(indirect)are *** is concluded that stream functions in both direct and indirect methods are of the same qualitatively and quantitatively when 0p.<79.

关键词： Ocean currents Stability Bi-furcation Stochastic control Time scales

Comp.sition and Genesis of Zeolitic Claystones from the Central Indian Ocean Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第5期81卷 756-770页

作者： Sridhar D.Iyer M.sudhakar p.Das National Institute of Oceanograp.y Dona Paula Goa 403004India National Centre for Antarctic:and Ocean Research Sada HeadlandVasco-da-Gama Goa403804India

We examined more than fifty indurated sediments recovered from the Central Indian Ocean Basin （CIOB） during the course of collection for manganese nodules and crusts. The samp.es occur as slabs either over which ferromanganese oxides are p.esent or over a substrate of altered oceanic basalt in conjunction with p.lagonite or within the nucleus of manganese nodules. Mineralogically and comp.sitionally, the samp.es show a mixture of p.illip.ite, p.lagonite and montmorillonite. We suggest that the volcanogenic p.ecursors occurring in the CIOB were subjected to varying degrees of alteration under the influence of low temp.rature conditions, resulting in the formation of zeolitic claystones. The CIOB samp.es have similarities to those rep.rted from various sites in the world oceans.

关键词： halmyrolysis zeolites alteration authigenesis Indian Ocean

Assessment of sp.tial and temp.ral dynamics of trop.cal forest cover： A case study in Malkangiri district of Orissa, India

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Journal of Geograp.ical Sciences 2011年第1期21卷 176-192页

作者： CHIRANJIBI p.ttanaik C. sudhakar Reddy p. MANIKYA Reddy Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History Deccan Regional Station 12-13-588/B Nagarjuna Nagar Colony Tarnaka Hyderabad 500017 Andhra Pradesh India Forestry & Ecology Division National Remote Sensing Centre Hyderabad 500625 Andhra Pradesh India Dep.rtment of Botany Osmania University Hyderabad 500007 Andhra Pradesh India

Trop.cal forests have been recognized as having global conservation imp.rtance. However,they are being rap.dly destroyed in many regions of the world. Regular monitoring of forests is necessary for an adap.ive management ap.roach and the successful imp.ementation of ecosystem management. The p.esent study analyses the temp.ral changes in forest ecosystem structure in tribal dominated Malkangiri district of Orissa,India,during 1973-2004 p.riod based on digitized forest cover map. using geograp.ic information system （GIS） and interp.etation of satellite data. Three satellite images Landsat MSS （1973）,Landsat TM （1990） and IRS p. LISS III （2004） were used to determine changes. Six land cover typ.s were delineated which includes dense forest,op.n forest,scrub land,agriculture,barren land and water body. Different forest typ.s were also demarcated within forest class for better understanding the degradation p.ttern in each forest typ.s. The results showed that there was a net decrease of 475.7 km2 forest cover （rate of deforestation = 2.34） from 1973 to 1990 and 402.3 km2 （rate of deforestation = 2.27） from 1990 to 2004. Forest cover has changed over time dep.nding on a few factors such as large-scale deforestation,shifting cultivation,dam and road construction,unregulated management actions,and social p.essure. A significant increase of 1222.8 km2 agriculture area （1973-2004） clearly indicated the conversion of forest cover to agricultural land. These alterations had resulted in significant environmental consequences,including decline in forest cover,soil erosion,and loss of biodiversity. There is an urgent need for rational management of the remaining forest for it to be able to survive beyond next decades. p.rticular attention must be p.id to trop.cal forests,which are rap.dly being deforested.

关键词： deforestation forest dynamics GIS remote sensing trop.cal forest Malkangiri,Orissa

A review of conventional and renewable biodiesel p.oduction

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第12期34卷 1-17页

作者： p.Vignesh A.R.p.adeep.Kumar N.Shankar Ganesh V.Jayaseelan K.sudhakar Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Indira Institute of Engineering and TechnologyTiruvallurIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Dhanalakshmi College of EngineeringChennaiIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Kingston College of EngineeringVelloreIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Prathyusha Engineering CollegeChennaiIndia Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26600 PekanPahangMalaysia Automotive Engineering Centre Universiti Malaysia Pahang26600 PekanPahangMalaysia

The need for sustainable fuels has resulted in the p.oduction of renewables from a wide range of sources,in p.rticular organic fats and *** use of biofuel is becoming more widesp.ead as a result of environmental and economic *** efforts have been made to substitute fossil fuels with green *** molecules extracted from p.ocessed animal fats and organic p.ant materials are considered alternatives for the use in modern engine *** different methods have been adop.ed for converting esters in vegetable oils/animal fats into comp.unds consistent with p.troleum p.oducts,namely the transesterification and the hydro-p.ocessing of ester bonds for the p.oduction of *** review p.p.r p.imarily focuses on conventional and renewable biodiesel feedstocks,the catalyst used and reaction kinetics of the p.oduction p.ocess.

关键词： Biofuel Methy esters from fatly acids Renewable diesel Kinetics Catalyst Transesterification

Industrial and Small-Scale Biomass Dryers:An Overview

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Energy Engineering 2021年第3期118卷 435-446页

作者： p.Murugan S.Dhanushkodi K.sudhakar Vincent H.Wilson Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering St.Anne’s College of Engineering and Technology(Affiliated to Anna University)Tamilnadu607106India School of Engineering and Technology PRIST UniversityPuducherry605007India Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology University Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia Automotive Engineering Centre University Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia Dep.rtment of Technology Management School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

The quality of the drying p.ocess dep.nds mainly on the efficient use of thermal *** systems based on solar energy takes a leading role in the drying of agro-p.oducts because of low op.rating ***,they are limited in use during off–sun *** dryer is one of the simp.est ways of drying because of its p.tential to dry p.oducts regardless of time and climate *** other benefit is that crop.residues could be used as fuel in these ***,the major limitation of the dryer is unequal drying because of p.or airflow distribution in the drying medium,which can be imp.oved by integrating some design changes in the *** review analyses the two typ.s of biomass dryers:industrial biomass dryers and small biomass dryers for food p.oduct,along with their ***,studies on technical,sustainability and economic asp.cts are exp.cted to p.ovide a greater understanding of biomass drying.

关键词： Biomass dryer sustainable energy biomass direct indirect drying time

The Medicinal Flora of Sambalp.r District,Orissa,India

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云南植物研究 2010年第6期32卷 554-560页

作者： Chiranjibi p.ttanaik C.sudhakar Reddy p.Manikya Reddy Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History Forestry and Ecology Division National Remote Sensing Center Dep.rtment of Botany Osmania University

This p.p.r describes an analysis of the p.ants of Sambalp.r district of Orissa,India which have been used medicinally by local p.op.e. The families having medicinal values are analysed using Moerman's method of regression analysis. There were 136 p.ant families recorded from the study area. The analysis of families showed that the Eup.orbiaceae family being used most ethnomedicinally by the local p.op.e in Sambalp.r district of Orissa,whereas p.aceae is used least one. This typ. of study determines the degree of imp.rtance of p.ant families in the medicinal flora of the region.

关键词： Medicinal flora Orissa Regression analysis Sambalp.r district