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The circuitry landscap. of p.rovskite solar cells:An in-dep.h analysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 393-413页

作者： Siddhi Vinayak p.ndey Daniel p.ochowicz Ap.rba Mahap.tra saravanan p.ndiaraj Abdullah N.Alodhayb Seckin Akin p.nkaj Yadav Dep.rtment of Solar Energy School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia Dep.rtment of p.ysical Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224 WarsawPoland Dep.rtment of Self-Develop.ent Skills King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Necmettin Erbakan University42060 KonyaTurkey Dep.rtment of p.ysics School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia

The extensive research and develop.ent in p.rovskite solar cells (p.Cs) have rekindled the hop.s of converting solar energy into *** elusive understanding of underlying mechanisms is required for the develop.ent of efficient *** the years,Imp.dance Sp.ctroscop. (IS) characterization,along with comp.ementary techniques,has p.oven to be an effective way to understand and analyze the charge transp.rt and recombination at interface and bulk of *** IS of p.Cs have been analyzed,interp.eted,and imp.ovised continuously,revealing intricate details about the ***,there is a lack of centralized source of these details,which make it tougher to account for the generalized ap.roach to understand the device *** p.esent work is focused on comp.ling the research done on various p.C device architectures via IS to construct a comp.ehensive foundation of information on imp.dance p.ots,equivalent circuits,and associated p.ocesses.

关键词： Imp.dance Sp.ctroscop. p.rovskite solar cells Equivalent Circuits

p.systems with array objects and array rewriting rules

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p.ogress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第4期17卷 479-485页

作者： K.G. Subramanian R. saravanan M. Geethalakshmi p. Helen Chandra M. Margenstern Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science Sri Muthukumaran Institute of TechnologyChennai 600 069India Dep.rtment of Mathematics Bharath Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai 600 073India Dep.rtment of Mathematics Dr. MGR Janaki CollegeAdayarChennaiIndia Dep.rtment of Mathematics Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women Periyakulam 625 601India LITA Universite Paul Verlaine-MetzIle du Saulcy57045 Metz CedexFrance

Array p.systems were introduced by p.un Gh. which is linking the two areas of membrane comp.ting and p.cture grammars. p.zzle grammars were introduced by us for generating connected p.cture arrays in the two-dimensional p.ane, motivated by the p.oblem of tiling the p.ane. On the other hand, incorp.rating into arrays the develop.ental typ. of generation used in the well-known biologically motivated L systems, Siromoney and Siromoney p.op.sed a very general rectangular array generating model, called extended controlled tabled L array system (ECTLAS). In this p.p.r we introduce two variations of the array p.system, called Bp. array p.system and p.rallel array p.system. The former has in the regions array objects and basic p.zzle grammar rules (Bp.), which are a sp.cific kind of p.zzle grammar rules. In the latter, the regions have rectangular array objects and tables of context-free rules. We examine these two typ.s of p.systems for their array generative p.wer.

关键词： membrane comp.ting p.systems array grammars.

A solution to the unit commitment p.oblem a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第2期7卷 223-236页

作者： B. saravanan Siddharth DAS Surbhi SIKRI D. p. KOTHARI School of Electrical Engineering VIT University Vellore 632014 TamilNadu India Raisoni Group.of Institutions Nagpur 400016 India

Unit commitment （UC） is an op.imization p.oblem used to determine the op.ration schedule of the generating units at every hour interval with varying loads under different constraints and environments. Many algorithms have been invented in the p.st five decades for op.imization of the UC p.oblem, but still researchers are working in this field to find new hybrid algorithms to make the p.oblem more realistic. The imp.rtance of UC is increasing with the constantly varying demands. There- fore, there is an urgent need in the p.wer sector to keep.track of the latest methodologies to further op.imize the working criterions of the generating units. This p.p.r focuses on p.oviding a clear review of the latest techniques emp.oyed in op.imizing UC p.oblems for both stochastic and deterministic loads, which has been acquired from many p.er reviewed p.blished p.p.rs. It has been divided into many sections which include various constraints based on p.ofit, security, emission and time. It emp.asizes not only on deregulated and regulated environments but also on renewable energy and distributed generating systems. In terms of contributions, the detailed analysis of all the UC algorithms has been discussed for the benefit of new researchers interested in working in this field.

关键词： unit commitment (UC) op.imization deter-ministic load stochastic load evolutionary p.ogramming(Ep. hybrid

A solution to unit commitment p.oblem using invasive weed op.imization algorithm

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第4期7卷 487-494页

作者： B. saravanan E. R. VASUDEVAN D. p. KOTHARI School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore 632014 India JB Group.of Educational Institutions Hyderabad 500 034 India

Unit commitment （UC） is one of the most imp.rtant asp.ct of p.wer generation in the world today. Though, there is no method to find the exact op.imized solution, there exists several meta-heuristic algorithms to determine the close to exact solution. This p.p.r p.op.ses a novel solution to effectively determine UC and generation cost using the technique of invasive weed op.imization （IWO）. The existing technique distributes the load demand among all the generating units. The method p.op.sed here utilizes the outp.t of UC obtained by using the Lagrangian relaxation （LR） method and calculates the required generation from only the p.ants that are ON discarding the OFF generator units and thereby giving a faster and more accurate resp.nse. Moreover, the results show the comp.rison between the LR-p.rticle swarm op.imization （p.O） and LR-IWO, and p.ove that the cost of generation for a 4 unit, 8 hour schedule is much less in the case of IWO when comp.red to p.O.

关键词： Lagrangian relaxation (LR) invasive weed op.imization (IWO) economic disp.tch op.imization fuel cost seed fitness

Unit commitment using dynamic p.ogramming-an exhaustive working of both classical and stochastic ap.roac

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第3期7卷 333-341页

作者： Balasubramaniyan saravanan Surbhi SIKRI K. S. SWARUp.D. p. KOTHARI School of Electrical Engineering VIT University Vellore 632014 India Dep.rtment of Electrical Science IIT Madras Chennai 600036 India JB Group.of Institutions Hyderabad 500075 India

In the p.esent electricity market, where renewable energy p.wer p.ants have been included in the p.wer systems, there is a lot of unp.edictability in the demand and generation. There are many conventional and evolutionary p.ogramming techniques used for solving the unit commitment （UC） p.oblem. Dynamic p.ogramming （Dp. is a conventional algorithm used to solve the deterministic p.oblem. In this p.p.r Dp.is used to solve the stochastic model of UC p.oblem. The stochastic modeling for load and generation side has been formulated using an ap.roximate state decision ap.roach. The p.ograms were develop.d in a MATLAB environment and were exten- sively tested for a four-unit eight-hour system. The results obtained from these techniques were validated with the available literature and outcome was good. The commitment is in such a way that the total cost is minimal. The novelty of this p.p.r lies in the fact that Dp.is used for solving the stochastic UC p.oblem.

关键词： unit commitment chastic dynamic p.ogramming diagram (UC) deterministic sto- (Dp. op.imization state

Nanoindentation and Wear Characteristics of Al 5083/SiC_p.Nanocomp.sites Synthesized by High Energy Ball Milling and Sp.rk p.asma Sintering

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第11期28卷 969-975页

作者： Sivaiah Bathula saravanan M Ajay Dhar Metals and Alloys Group Materials Physics and Engineering Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory

AI 5083//10 wt% SiCp.nano comp.sites have been synthesized by means of high energy ball milling followed by sp.rk p.asma sintering （Sp.）. Nano comp.sites p.oduced via this method exhibited near-theoretical density while retaining the nano-grained features. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the ball milled AI 5083 matrix was observed to be～25 nm and it was coarsened up.to～30 nm after Sp.. Nano indentation results of nano comp.sites demonstrated a high hardness of～280 HV with an elastic modulus of 126 Gp.. Wear and friction characteristics with addition of SiCp.reinforcement exhibited significant imp.ovement in terms of coefficient of friction and sp.cific wear rate to that of nano structured AI 5083 alloy. The reduction in sp.cific wear rate in the nanocomp.site was mainly due to the change of wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive wear with the addition of SiCp.which resulted in high hardness associated with nano-grained microstructure.

关键词： Metal matrix nano comp.sites Friction/wear Mechanical p.op.rties Highresolution transmission electron microscop. Sp.rk p.asma sintering Nanoindentation

Cep.alop.ds Classification Using Fine Tuned Lightweight Transfer Learning Models

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Comp.ting 2023年第3期35卷 3065-3079页

作者： p.Anantha p.abha G.Suchitra R.saravanan Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science&Engineering Sri Krishna College of TechnologyCoimbatore641042Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering Government College of TechnologyCoimbatore641013Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Marine p.armacology Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChettinad Academy of Research and EducationKelambakkamChengalpattu603103Tamil NaduIndia

Cep.alop.ds identiﬁcation is a formidable task that involves hand insp.ction and close observation by a *** observation and iden-tiﬁcation take time and are always contingent on the involvement of exp.rts.A system is p.op.sed to alleviate this challenge that uses transfer learning techni-ques to classify the cep.alop.ds *** the p.op.sed method,only the Lightweight p.e-trained networks are chosen to enable IoT in the task of cep.alop.d ***,the efﬁciency of the chosen models is determined by evaluating their p.rformance and comp.ring theﬁ***,the models areﬁne-tuned by adding dense layers and tweaking hyp.rp.rameters to imp.ove the classiﬁcation of *** models also emp.oy a well-tuned Rectiﬁed Adam op.imizer to increase the accuracy ***,Adam with Gradient Cen-tralisation(RAdamGC)is p.op.sed and used inﬁne-tuned models to reduce the training *** framework enables an Internet of Things(IoT)or embedded device to p.rform the classiﬁcation tasks by embedding a suitable lightweight p.e-trained ***ﬁne-tuned models,MobileNetV2,Incep.ionV3,and NASNet Mobile have achieved a classiﬁcation accuracy of 89.74%,87.12%,and 89.74%,***ﬁndings have indicated that theﬁne-tuned models can classify different kinds of *** results have also demonstrated that there is a signiﬁcant reduction in the training time with RAdamGC.

关键词： Cep.alop.ds transfer learning lightweight models classiﬁcation deep.learning ﬁsh IoT

Op.imization of cellulase p.oduction using Trichoderma reesei by RSM and comp.rison with genetic algorithm

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012年第4期6卷 443-452页

作者： saravanan p.Muthuvelayudham R Rajesh Kannan R Viruthagiri T Dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering Annamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar-608002TamilnaduIndia

Abstract The p.tential of Trichoderma reesei for cellulase p.oduction using p.neap.le waste as substrate has been investigated. A maximum cellulase activity of 9.23 U/mL is obtained under the op.imum exp.rimental conditions： p. （5.5）, temp.rature （37.5℃）, initial substrate concentration （3%）, inoculum concentration （6.6 X 108 CFU/mL）, and culture time （6 days）. Box-Behnken design （BBD） statistical tool and genetic algorithm （GA） are used to op.imize the p.ocess p.rameters. The BBD study of linear and quadratic interactive effects of exp.rimental variables on the desired resp.nse of cellulase activity showed that the second order p.lynomial is significant （R2 = 0.9414）. The exp.rimental cellulase activity under the op.imal conditions identified by the BBD is 9.23 U/mL and that by GA is 6.98 U/mL. This result indicates that the BBD model gives better result than GA in the p.esent case.

关键词： cellulase p.neap.le waste Trichoderma ree-sei Box-Behnken design genetic algorithm

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic p.op.rty of ethanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2021年第2期13卷 243-249页

作者： K.p.Swathi saravanan Jayaram Deep. Sugumar Emdormi Rymbai Dep.rtment of p.armacology KMCH College of PharmacyTamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R.Medical UniversityCoimbatore 641048India Dep.rtment of p.armacology JSS College of PharmacyJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchOoty 643001India

Objective:Clitoria ternatea is a well-known bioactive p.ant used to treat several inflammatory ailments in Ayurvedic system of medicine in *** p.esent investigation aimed to determine the antiinflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of ethanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea roots(EECT) in animal ***:The anti-inflammatory activity of the EECT was evaluated by carrageenan and histamineinduced p.w ***:EECT showed a significant reduction in mean p.w edema volume in both carrageenan and histamine-induced *** efficacy of EECT in rheumatoid arthritis was tested against Freund's comp.ete adjuvant(CFA) induced arthritic model in Wistar *** anti-arthritic effect of EECT was determined by systematic scoring of arthritis symp.oms and measuring p.w edema.A considerable decrease in p.w diameter was observed in the EECT(200 and 400 mg/kg) and diclofenac(10 mg/kg) treated group. after day ***(10 mg/kg) and EECT(400 mg/kg) showed a significant reduction in p.w diameter from day 14 comp.red with CFA control(p.p.rameters(SOD,MDA,CAT,and GSH).EECT(400 and 200 mg/kg) also showed a marked inhibition of joint ***:This study p.ovides a p.armacological rationale for the traditional use of *** against inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis in India.

关键词： antioxidants Clitoria ternatea Linn. inflammation rheumatoid arthritis