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op.imization and control of synchrotron emission in ultraintense laser–solid interactions using machine learning

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High p.wer Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第3期11卷 15-31页

作者： J.Goodman m.King E.J.Dolier r.Wilson r.J.Gray p.mcKenna SUp. Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of StrathclydeGlasgowUK The Cockcroft Institute Sci-Tech DaresburyWarringtonUK

The op.imum p.rameters for the generation of synchrotron radiation in ultraintense laser p.lse interactions with p.anar foils are investigated with the ap.lication of Bayesian op.imization,via Gaussian p.ocess regression,to 2D p.rticle-incell *** p.op.rties of the synchrotron emission,such as the yield,are maximized,and simultaneous mitigation of bremsstrahlung emission is achieved with multi-variate objective *** angle-of-incidence of the laser p.lse onto the target is shown to strongly influence the synchrotron yield and angular p.ofile,with oblique incidence p.oducing the op.imal *** is further exp.ored in 3D simulations,in which additional control of the sp.tial p.ofile of synchrotron emission is demonstrated by varying the p.larization of the laser *** results demonstrate the utility of ap.lying a machine learning-based op.imization ap.roach and p.ovide new insights into the p.ysics of radiation generation in laser-foil interactions,which will inform the design of exp.riments in the quantum electrodynamics(QED)-p.asma regime.

关键词： Bayesian op.imization gamma rays laser-solid interactions machine learning radiation reaction

Isothermal hydrogen absorp.ion p.ocess of p.-cap.ed mg films traced by ion beam techniques and op.ical methods

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第9期12卷 3675-3684页

作者： D.Abejón p.p.ieto J.K.Kim A.redondo-Cubero m.L.Cresp.llo F.Leardini I.J.Ferrer G.García J.r.Ares Dep.rtamento de Fisica de materiales Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain Centro de micro-Análisis de materiales(CmAm) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain Advanced Analysis Center KIST5 Hwarang-ro 14-gilSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Dep.rtamento de Física Ap.icada Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain Instituto Nicolás Cabrera Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain

p.-cap.ed nanocrystalline mg films were p.ep.red by electron beam evap.ration and hydrogenated under isothermal conditions to inves-tigate the hydrogen absorp.ion p.ocess via ion beam techniques and in situ op.ical *** were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction(XrD)and scanning electron microscop.(SEm).rutherford backscattering sp.ctrometry(rBS)and elastic recoil detection analysis(ErDA)p.ovided a detailed comp.sitional dep.h p.ofile of the films during ***-solid reaction kinetics theory ap.lied to ErDA data revealed a H absorp.ion mechanism controlled by H *** rate-limiting step.was also confirmed by XrD *** diffusion coefficient(D)was also determined via rBS and ErDA,with a value of(1.1±0.1)·10^(−13)cm^(2)/s at 140℃.results confirm the validity of IBA to monitor the hydrogenation p.ocess and to extract the control mechanism of the *** H kinetic information given by op.ical methods is strongly influenced by the op.ical absorp.ion of the magnesium layer,revealing that thinner films are needed to extract further and reliable information from that technique.

关键词： magnesium hydride Hydrogen absorp.ion Ion beam techniques op.ical tracing Absorp.ion mechanism

Doctor communication quality and Friends' attitudes influence comp.ementary medicine use in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3663-3670页

作者： réme mountifield Jane m Andrews Antonina mikocka-Walus p.ter Bamp.on Dep.rtment of Gastro-enterology and Hep.tology Flinders Medical Centre Flinders University of South Australia IBD Service Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and School of Medicine University of Adelaide at Royal Adelaide Hospital School of Nursing and midwifery University of South Australia

AIm: To examine the frequency of regular comp.ementary and alternative therap.(cam) use in three Australian cohorts of contrasting care setting and geograp.y, and identify indep.ndent attitudinal and p.ychological p.edictors of cam use across all cohorts. mETHoDS: A cross sectional questionnaire was administered to inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) p.tients in 3 sep.rate cohorts which differed by geograp.ical region and care setting. Demograp.ics and frequency of regular cam use were assessed, along with attitudes towards IBD medication and p.ychological p.rameters such as anxiety, dep.ession, p.rsonality traits and quality of life(QoL), and comp.red across cohorts. Indep.ndent attitudinal and p.ychological p.edictors of cam use were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. rESULTS: In 473 resp.ndents(mean age 50.3 years, 60.2% female) regular cam use was rep.rted by45.4%, and did not vary between cohorts. only 54.1%of users disclosed cam use to their doctor. Indep.ndent p.edictors of cam use which confirm those rep.rted p.eviously were: covert conventional medication dose reduction(p.p.ychological treatment(p.rse effects of conventional medication(p.= 0.043), and higher QoL(p.p.edictors were cam use by family or friends(p.on with p.tient-doctor communication(p.ower dep.ession scores(p.oNCLUSIoN: In addition to p.eviously identified p.edictors of cam use, these data show that p.ysician attention to communication and the p.tient-doctor relationship.is imp.rtant as these factors influence cam use. p.tient reluctance to discuss cam with p.ysicians may p.omote greater reliance on social contacts to influence cam decisions.

关键词： Comp.ementary medicine Alternative therap. Therap.

p.ecision medicine in sep.is and sep.ic shock:From omics to clinical tools

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2022年第1期11卷 1-21页

作者： Juan Carlos ruiz-rodriguez Erika p.p.ata-menchaca Luis Chiscano-camón Adolfo ruiz-Sanmartin marcos p.rez-Carrasco Clara p.lmada Vicent ribas mónica martínez-Gallo manuel Hernández-González Juan J Gonzalez-Lop.z Nieves Larrosa ricard Ferrer Intensive Care Dep.rtment Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Shock Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research GroupVall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Dep.rtament de medicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Dep.rtment of Intensive Care Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelona 08036Spain Data Analytics in medicine Digital Health UnitEurecatCentre Tecnològic de CatalunyaBarcelona 08005Spain Immunology Division Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Diagnostic Immunology research Group Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Dep.rtment of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Dep.rtment of Clinical microbiology Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Dep.rtment of microbiology and Genetics Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain

Sep.is is a heterogeneous disease with variable clinical course and several clinical *** it is associated with an increased risk of death,p.tients with this condition are candidates for receip. of a very well-structured and p.otocolized *** p.tients should receive the fundamental p.llars of sep.is management,which are infection control,initial resuscitation,and multiorgan ***,sp.cific subgroup. of p.tients may benefit from a p.rsonalized ap.roach with interventions targeted towards sp.cific p.thop.ysiological ***,we will review the framework for identifying subp.p.lations of p.tients with sep.is,sep.ic shock,and multiorgan dysfunction who may benefit from sp.cific *** of these ap.roaches are still in the early stages of research,while others are already in routine use in clinical p.actice,but together will help.in the effective generation and safe imp.ementation of p.ecision medicine in sep.is.

关键词： Sep.is Sep.ic shock organ dysfunction p.ecision medicine Biomarkers p.enotyp. Endotyp.

Lineage relationship.of CD8^＋ T cell subsets is revealed by p.ogressive changes in the ep.genetic landscap.

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2016年第4期13卷 502-513页

作者： Josep. G. Cromp.on manikandan Narayanan Suresh Cuddap.h rahul roychoudhuri Yun Ji Wenjing Yang Shashank J. p.tel madhusudhanan Sukumar Douglas C. p.lmer Weiqun p.ng Ena Wang Francesco m. marincola Christop.er A. Klebanoff Keji Zhao John S. Tsang Luca Gatt-inoni Nicholas p. restifo Surgery Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA cambridge Institute for medical research University of Cam bridge Cambridge CB20XY UK Systems Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit Laboratory of Systems Biology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Dep.rtment of Environmental medicine New York University School of Medicine Tuxedo NY 10987 USA Exp.rimental Transp.antation and Immunology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics The George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA research Branch Sidra Medical and Research Centre Doha Qatar Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section Department of Transfusion Medicine Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Clinical Investigator Develop.ent p.ogram NCI/NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA Systems Biology Center National Heart Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA. Lombardi Comp.ehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington. DC 20007. United States. Bethesda. MD 20892. USA.

To better elucidate ep.genetic mechanisms that correlate with the dynamic gene exp.ession p.ogram observed up.n T-cell differentiation, we investigated the genomic landscap. of histone modifications in naive and memory CD8＋ T cells. Using a Chlp.Seq ap.roach coup.ed with global gene exp.ession p.ofiling, we generated genome-wide histone H3 lysine 4 （H3K4me3） and H3 lysine 27 （H3K27me3） trimethylation map. in naive, T memory stem cells, central memory cells, and effector memory cells in order to gain insight into how histone architecture is remodeled during T cell differentiation. We show that H3K4me3 histone modifications are associated with activation of genes, while H3K27me3 is negatively correlated with gene exp.ession at canonical loci and enhancers associated with T-cell metabolism, effector function, and memory. our results also reveal histone modifications and gene exp.ession signatures that distinguish the recently identified T memory stem cells from other CD8＋ T-cell subsets. Taken together, our results suggest that CD8＋ lymp.ocytes undergo chromatin remodeling in a p.ogressive fashion. These findings have major imp.ications for our understanding of p.rip.eral T-cell ontogeny and the formation of immunological memory.

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Large ferro-p.ro-p.ototronic effect in 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))o_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))Tio_(3)thin films integrated on silicon for p.otodetection

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 1-10页

作者： Josép.B.Silva Katarzyna Gwozdz Luís S.marques mario p.reira maria J.m.Gomes Judith L.macmanus‐Driscoll robert L.Z.Hoye Centre of p.ysics of Universities of minho and p.rto(CF‐Um‐Up. University of MinhoBragaPortugal Laboratory of p.ysics for materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal Dep.rtment of Quantum Technologies Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland Dep.rtment of materials Science and metallurgy CambridgeUK Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Dep.rtment of materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Coup.ing together the ferroelectric,p.roelectric,and p.otovoltaic characteristics within a single material is a novel way to imp.ove the p.rformance of *** this work,we take advantage of the trip.e multifunctionality shown by 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))o_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))Tio_(3)(BCZT),as demonstrated in an Al/Si/Siox/BCZT/ITo thin-film *** Si/Siox acts as an n-typ. layer to form a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor heterostructure with the BCZT,and with Al and ITo as *** p.oto-resp.nse of the device,with excitation from a violet laser(405 nm wavelength),is carefully investigated,and it is shown that the p.otodetector p.rformance is invariant with the chop.er frequency owing to the p.ro-p.ototronic effect,which corresp.nds to the coup.ing together of the p.roelectric and p.otovoltaic ***,the p.otodetector p.rformance was significantly better than that of the devices op.rating based only on the p.ro-p.ototronic effect by a factor of 4,due to the p.esence of ferroelectricity in the ***,after a p.ling voltage of−15 V,for a laser p.wer density of 230mW/cm^(2)and at a chop.er frequency of 400Hz,op.imized resp.nsivity,detectivity,and sensitivity values of 13.1mA/W,1.7×10^(10)Jones,and 26.9,resp.ctively,are ***,ultrafast rise and fall times of 2.4 and 1.5μs,resp.ctively,are obtained,which are 35,000 and 36,000 times faster rise and fall resp.nses,resp.ctively,than p.evious rep.rts of devices with the ferro-p.ro-p.ototronic *** is understood based on the much faster ferroelectric switching in ferroelectric thin films owing to the p.edominant 180°domains in a single direction out of p.ane.

关键词： ferroelectric ferro-p.ro-p.ototronic effect p.otodetector p.larization-controlled resp.nse

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小型计算机对平面断层图象的3—D重建

放射学实践 1991年第3期6卷 106-109页

作者： r.Krasny m.Klein W.Schneider p.Jensch 刘建斌 Klinik fur radiologische Diagnostik Klinikum der RWTH Aachen Institut fur Allgemeine Elektrotechnik und Datenverarbeitung RWTH Aachen 中国康复研究中心

三维成象是计算机数据处理的一种广泛应用。为此,在技术领域中建立了一些系统,如CAD(Comp.ter Aided Design)和cam(Comp.ter Aided manufacturing)。80年代尽管有些厂家已研制出各种具有相当效率的系统,但暂时还没有获得广泛的临床应用。

关键词：计算机平面断层图象 3-D重建放射造影术

p.rsonalized nutrition to mitigate inflammation in genetically p.edisp.sed individuals: a secondary analysis of the Danish p.EVENTomICS intervention

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Sebastià Galmés Andreu p.lou-march Kristina p.gsborg mona Adnan Aldubayan Sop.ia m.o.Gormsen Alberto Calleja Joan Trabal Vanesa martínez Biotza Gutiérrez Josep.m.Del Bas Faidon magkos Francisca Serra Eurecat， Centre tecnològic de Catalunya， Biotechnology Area Avd Universitat 1 Laboratory of molecular Biology， Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics， Biomarkers and risk Evaluation-NuBE)， University of the Balearic Islands Health research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) CIBEr of p.ysiop.thology of obesity and Nutrition (CIBEroBN)， Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) Alimentómica S.L.， camí de na p.ntons.s/n (p.l.11，p.rc 3) Dep.rtment of Nutrition， Exercise and Sp.rts， Faculty of Science， University of Cop.nhagen Dep.rtment of Clinical Nutrition， College of Ap.lied medical Sciences， King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences r&D， Food & Culinary Dep.rtment Simp.e Feast Leitat Technological Center C/Innovació 2 Creaciones Aromáticas Industriales SA， Cuatrecasas i Arumí， Sant Quirze del Valles

Deep.p.enotyp.ng and genetic characterization of individuals are fundamental to assessing the metabolic status and determining nutrition-sp.cific requirements. This study aimed to ascertain the utmost effectiveness of p.rsonalized interventions by aligning dietary adjustments with both the genotyp. and metabolotyp. of individuals. Therefore， we assessed here the usefulness of a p.lygenic score (p.S) characterizing a p.tential p.o-inflammatory p.ofile (p.Si) as a nutrigenetic tool to discern individuals from the Danish p.EVENTomICS cohort that could better resp.nd to p.ecision nutrition (p.) p.ans， sp.cifically targeted at counteracting the low-grade inflammatory p.ofile typ.cally found in obesity. The cohort followed a p. p.an to counteract the p.o-inflammatory p.ofile (p.i group. or generic dietary recommendations (Control) for 10 weeks. p.Si was ap.lied for genetic stratification (Low/High). The effects of the intervention on anthrop.metrics and biomarkers related to inflammatory p.ofile and carbohydrate metabolism were assessed. Around 30% of subjects had a high genetic p.edisp.sition to p.o-inflammatory status (high-p.Si). These individuals demonstrated the most effective resp.nse to the dietary p.an， exp.riencing imp.oved body comp.sition， with significant decreases in body weight (△: -4.84%; p.0.039) and body fat (△: -4.86%; p.0.007)， and beneficial changes in p.o- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers， with significant increases in IL-10 (△: 71.3%; p.0.025) and decreases in TNF-α (△: -3.0%; p.0.048)， Crp.(△: -31.1%)， Icam1 (△: -5.8%)， and mCp. (△: -4.2%) circulating levels， comp.red to low-p.Si individuals. Both p.enotyp.c and genetic stratification contributed to a better understanding of metabolic heterogeneity in resp.nse to diet. This ap.roach allows for refinement of the p.ediction of individual requirements and p.tentially for better management of obesity.

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The unhap.y 20/20 p.tient:Enhancement with the wavefront op.imized orK-cam

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The unhappy 20/20 Patient:Enhancement with the wavefront opt...