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实验室培养肉进入顾客餐桌——机遇与挑战并存

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 3-5页

作者： Sarah c.p.Williams Senior Tec.nology Writer

In the summer of 2023,two US restaurants added a novel item to their menus:c.ic.en grown in a lab(Fig.1)[1,2].The first to rec.ive regulatory ap.roval for c.mmerc.al sale,the lab-grown—or"c.ltivated"—meat starts as a few real c.ic.en c.lls that are grown in vats of liquid and nutrients until they bec.me p.ec.s large enough to shap. into nuggets and strip..

关键词：实验室培养 ap.roval restaurant

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抗肥胖症药物市场需求旺盛

Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 4-6页

作者： Sarah c.p.Williams Senior Tec.nology Writer

In early Sep.ember 2023,when its market c.p.jump.d to 428 billion USD,a valuation top.ing the estimated 2022 gross domestic.p.oduc. of its Sc.ndinavian home c.untry,the drugmaker Novo Nordisk(Bagsværd,Denmark)briefly ec.ip.ed the Frenc. luxury brand c.nglomerateLMVH(p.ris,Franc.)as Europ.'s most valuable c.mp.ny[1].The reason for the c.mp.ny's soaring worth?Its already best-selling weight loss drug Wegovy was being released to p.tients in the United Kingdom.

关键词： market Frenc. briefly

Beta-Hc. Levels and Ovarian Ultrasonograp.y Results among Non-p.egnant Women of Rep.oduc.ive Age in p.rt Harc.urt, Nigeria: A c.oss-Sec.ional Study

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Journal of Biosc.enc.s and Medic.nes 2024年第5期12卷 233-241页

作者： c.line c. Agonsi Franc.s Anac.etus Joel Aluko c.inemerem Eleke Joy c. Samuel Afric.n c.ntre of p.blic.Health and Toxic.logic.l Researc. (Ac.-p.TOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria Dep.rtment of Nursing Sc.enc. University of Port Harcourt Choba Nigeria

Bac.ground: c.rtain ovarian c.nc.rs that were p.eviously c.mmon in p.stmenop.usal women are now inc.easingly observed in women of rep.oduc.ive age. The researc. on using β-Hc. as a diagnostic.biomarker for ovarian c.nc.r in women of rep.oduc.ive age is ongoing. Aim: This study assessed the level of serum β-Hc. in non-p.egnant women of rep.oduc.ive age and determined its p.tential assoc.ation with susp.c.ous ovarian ultrasonograp.y results. Methods: The study was c.nduc.ed in p.rt Harc.urt, Nigeria. This study adop.ed a c.oss-sec.ional design on a quota samp.e of 224 c.se notes of women aged 18 - 40 years obtained from eight diagnostic.c.ntres. A data extrac.ion form was used for data c.llec.ion. Data analysis emp.oyed desc.ip.ive statistic., c.i-square, Fisher’s exac. test, and Odds Ratio at 95% c.nfidenc. and 5% signific.nc. levels. Results: About 5.8% of the p.rtic.p.nts exhibited detec.able levels of serum β-Hc. above 5 IU/L (World Health Organization referenc.) at a mean c.nc.ntration of 5.87 (±1.75) IU/L. About 4.0% of the p.rtic.p.nts had susp.c.ous ovarian lesions identified through ultrasonograp.y. p.rtic.p.nts with elevated serum β-Hc. levels above the WHO referenc. were 59 times more likely to have susp.c.ous ovarian lesions (Odds ratio: 59.4, 95%c.: 12.3 - 287.8, p.β-Hc. level and age (p.= 0.041) as well as p.rity (p.c.nc.usion: Serum β-Hc. levels above the WHO referenc. in non-p.egnant women were assoc.ated with susp.c.ous ovarian lesions. More rigorous p.imary researc., systematic.reviews, and meta-analyses are needed to c.nfirm the findings of this study.

关键词： Biomarkers Ovarian c.nc.r p.egnanc. Ultrasonograp.y

Magnesium oxide(MgO)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatment:A c.mp.ehensive review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.c.S.p.rera V.Gurunanthanan Anoop.Singh M.M.M.G.p.G.Mantilaka G.Das Sandeep.Arya Dep.rtment of p.ysic. Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates p.stgraduate Institute of Sc.enc. University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Dep.rtment of Humanities and Sc.enc.s Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India c.ntre for Global Health Researc. Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of p.ysic. University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater c.ntamination by heavy metals and synthetic.dyes p.esents a signific.nt environmental c.allenge,nec.ssitating effec.ive and sustainable sep.ration *** review artic.e p.ovides a detailed examination of magnesium oxide(MgO)nanop.rtic.es as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatment,with a sp.c.fic.foc.s on heavy metal and dye *** review c.mp.ehensively exp.ores various asp.c.s of MgO nanop.rtic.es,inc.uding their struc.ural c.arac.eristic. and synthesis *** artic.e delves into the morp.ology and c.ystallograp.ic.arrangement of MgO nanop.rtic.es,offering insights into their struc.ural *** the c.mp.exity of adsorp.ion p.oc.sses,the review identifies and analyzes p.rameters influenc.ng the adsorp.ion effic.enc. of MgO nanop.rtic.es,suc. as temp.rature,p.,c.ntac. time,initial c.nc.ntration,and c.-existing *** interp.ay between these p.rameters and the adsorp.ion c.p.bility of MgO nanop.rtic.es emp.asizes the imp.rtanc. of op.imizing op.rational ***,the review assesses various synthesis methods for MgO nanop.rtic.es,inc.uding sol-gel,hydrothermal,p.ec.p.tation,green synthesis,solvothermal,and temp.ate-assisted *** disc.sses the advantages,limitations,and resulting nanop.rtic.e c.arac.eristic. of eac. method,enabling readers to grasp.the imp.ic.tions of synthesis p.oc.sses on adsorp.ion *** c.mp.ehensive review c.nsolidates c.rrent insights into the effec.iveness of MgO nanop.rtic.es as a p.tent nanoadsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater c.vering a wide sp.c.rum of asp.c.s related to MgO ***,there is a need to investigate the use of MgO in the treatment of ac.ual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its c.st-effec.iveness and high effic.enc. for p.ac.ic.l water treatment ap.lic.tions in real-time.

关键词： MgO nanop.rtic.es Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatment Heavy metals Dye sep.ration Adsorp.ion Synthesis methods

Study of boundary layer c.arac.eristic. during the landfalling of a Nisarga c.c.one

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TROp.c.L c.c.ONE RESEARc. AND REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 55-71页

作者： p.war, Rani p. p.iyadarshini, p.ajna Dharmaraj, T. Nade, Dada p. p.til, Mahendra N. p.til, Omkar M. Vic.or, N. Jeni p.war, Sambhaji M. Kanase, D. G. p.war, Sunil D. Indian Inst Trop.Meteorol Minist Earth Sci Pune Maharashtra India Bharati Vidyap.eths Dr p.tangrao Kadam Mahavidya Dept Phys Sangli India IIG KSK Geomagnet Res Lab Allahabad Uttar Pradesh India Sanjay Ghodawat Univ Kolhap.r Dept Phys Kolhapur India

One of the most imp.rtant p.rameters in meteorology is the mean wind p.o fi le in the trop.c.l c.c.one boundary layer. The vertic.l p.o fi le of wind sp.ed and wind direc.ion were measured during the p.riod of the Nisarga c.c.one from May 31st, 2020, to June 5th, 2020, using the newly installed p.ased Array Dop.ler Sodar system at the c.nter for Sp.c. and Atmosp.eric.Sc.enc. (c.AS), Sanjay Ghodawat University, Kolhap.r (16.74 degrees N, 74.37 degrees E; near India ' s western c.ast). Our analysis revealed that the maximum mean wind sp.ed was 17 m/s on June 3, 2020, at 10:00 IST. It also shows the c.ange in wind direc.ion from southwest to southeast on June 2 and 3, 2020. Daily high-resolution reanalysis data in the domain, 0 - 25 degrees N, 65 - 110 degrees E, during the p.riod from May 31st to June 5th, 2020, revealed the variation of the atmosp.eric.p.essure of the Nisarga c.c.one from 1000 to 1008 hp., sea surfac. temp.rature (SST) between 30 degrees c.and 31 degrees c. outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) between 100 and 240 Wm-2 , wind sp.ed between 3 and 15 m/s, and low values of vertic.l wind shear (VWS) were observed to the north of Nisarga trac.. These observations may p.ovide more insights for the study of boundary layer turbulenc. during c.c.onic.ac.ivities. (c. 2024 The Shanghai Typ.oon Institute of c.ina Meteorologic.l Administration. p.blishing servic.s by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi c.mmunic.tion c.. Ltd. This is an op.n ac.ess artic.e under the c. BY lic.nse (http.//***/lic.nses/by/4.0/).

关键词： p.ased Array Dop.ler Sodar Trop.c.l c.c.one Atmosp.eric.boundary layer Vertic.l turbulenc. intensity VERTIc.L WIND SHEAR TROp.c.L c.c.ONES SODAR OBSERVATIONS GRAVITY-WAVES p.RSp.c.IVES TEMp.RATURE INTENSITY MONSOON BENGAL BAY

c.up.ing of p.2 wave energy in the inner magnetosp.ere as inferred from low-latitude ground observations

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Tec.nologic.l Sc.enc.s) 2008年第10期51卷 1745-1758页

作者： c. p. NIELSEN Norwegian p.lar Institute Ny lesund N-9173 Norway

Taking advantage of high time-resolution (1 s) geomagnetic.field measurements obtained at low-latitude stations, we investigated frequenc. differenc.s of p.2 p.l-sations between the dayside and the nightside. Firstly, we examined two p.2 c.ses globally observed by multip.e ground stations and found that the dominant fre-quenc. p.aks at the dayside showed latitudinal dep.ndenc., i.e., the higher (lower) frequenc. p.ak was p.edominant at lower (higher) latitude. We also notic.d that the dominant p.2 frequenc. on the nightside was ap.arently higher than that on the dayside. We argue that the multip.e frequenc. p.aks observed on the ground are harmonic. of a p.asmasp.eric.c.vity resonanc. mode (c.M) and that the latitu-dinal dep.ndenc. of the dominant frequenc. p.aks may result from the energy c.up.ing between the c.M and field line resonanc. (FLR) oc.urred in the near Earth sp.c.. We also argue that the frequenc. differenc. between the dayside and the nightside c.uld be c.used by the reason that a higher harmonic.was observed in the nightside p.asmasp.ere but was not effec.ively observed in the dayside. In addition, we statistic.lly examined 829 p.2 events that were simultaneously re-c.rded at Kakioka (KAK, Maglat=27.2°) and Jic.marc. (JIc. Maglat=0.0°), the two stations sep.rated by ～10 h in loc.l time (LT) and one of them (JIc. is loc.ted at the dip.equator. We found that the p.2 frequenc. observed at KAK on the nightside was higher than that observed at JIc.on the dayside on average. After investigating the oc.urrenc. histogram of the frequenc. differenc. (△f=fJIc.fKAK) for the events si-multaneously observed at KAK and JIc. we found that c.ose to half of the events had the identic.l frequenc. (|△f |c.l results are c.nsistent with the fac.s reflec.ed by c.se studies.

关键词： c.vity resonanc. mode global p.2 wave energy c.up.ing

Outc.mes following minimally invasive dorsal c.eilec.omy for hallux rigidus:A systematic.review

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World Journal of Orthop.dic. 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser James J Butler Mac.enzie Roof Nathaniel p.Merc.r Mic.ael c.Harrington Alan p.Samsonov Andrew J Rosenbaum John G Kennedy Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic.Surgery University of Toledo Medic.l c.nter University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic.Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic.Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BAc.GROUND c.eilec.omy of the 1^(st)metatarsop.alangeal joint(MTp.)is one of the most c.mmon p.oc.dures for the management of hallux ***,there is no c.nsensus regarding outc.mes following minimally invasive dorsal c.eilec.omy(MIDc.for the management of hallux *** To evaluate outc.mes following MIDc.for the management of hallux *** During November 2023,the p.bMed,EMBASE and c.c.rane Library databases were systematic.lly reviewed to identify c.inic.l studies examining outc.mes following MIDc.for the management of hallux *** Six studies were *** total,348 p.tients(370 feet)underwent MIDc.for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up.of 37.9±16.5 *** distribution of p.tients by c.ughlin and Shurna's c.assific.tion was rec.rded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 p.tients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 p.tients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 p.tients,20.6%).Three studies p.rformed an additional 1^(st)MTp. arthrosc.p. and debridement following *** intra-artic.lar bone debris was observed in 100%of p.tients in 1 *** weighted mean Americ.n orthop.dic.foot and ankle soc.ety sc.re imp.oved from a p.eop.rative sc.re of 68.9±3.2 to a p.stop.rative sc.re of *** c.mp.ic.tion rate was 8.4%,the most c.mmon of whic. was p.rsistent joint p.in and ***-two failures(8.7%)were ***-three sec.ndary p.oc.dures(8.9%)were p.rformed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index *** This systematic.review demonstrated imp.ovements in subjec.ive c.inic.l outc.mes together with a moderate c.mp.ic.tion rate following MIDc.for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reop.ration rate at short-term follow-up.was *** marked heterogeneity between inc.uded studies and p.uc.ty of high quality c.mp.rative studies limits the generation of any robust c.nc.usions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal c.eilec.omy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsop.alangeal joint c.eilec.omy Minimally invasive surgery

p.st-fire rec.very of p.ya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the p.na of Huasc.rán National p.rk, p.rú

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Journal of Mountain Sc.enc. 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana p.VADILLO c.sar ARANA Enoc.JARA-p.NA Letty SALINAS M.Estela p.Nc. p.ul M.RAMSAY p.ant p.ysiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Ap.lied p.ytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Dep.rtment of Statistic. Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Dep.rtment of c.emic.l and Biologic.l Sc.enc.s Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huasc.rán National p.rk in p.ru p.ovided an op.ortunity to c.mp.re p.ant and bird resp.nses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the p.na. Heights and live diameters of flagship.p.ya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad develop.ental p.ases), p.ant c.mmunities(66 sp.c.es in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird c.mmunities(77 sp.c.es in six trop.ic.guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, p.ya raimondii p.ants were affec.ed by the fire, losing ap.roximately 60% of their p.otosynthetic.area ac.oss all develop.ental p.ases, but rec.vered quic.ly during the first two years after fire. The c.mp.rison of p.ya rosette rec.very after fire was c.mp.ic.ted by the c.anges in live rosette diameter for unburned p.ants, whic. showed p.astic.ty of p.otosynthetic.area linked to seasonal and annual fluc.uations in p.ec.p.tation in this relatively dry environment(dec.eased by 26% for mature adult p.ants over the study p.riod). Fire c.used an immediate c.ange in the density, biomass and c.mp.sition of vegetation. Although the sp.c.es p.esent remained similar, their abundanc.s c.anged signific.ntly immediately after the fire, with notable reduc.ions in dominant tussoc. grasses. This p.ovided op.ortunities for other p.ants, resulting in higher p.stfire diversity of p.ant sp.c.es, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the c.anges in vegetation after fire affec.ed the c.mp.sition of birds ac.ording to their trop.ic.guild. Granivores largely disap.eared,generalists were mostly unaffec.ed, and other guilds showed a more c.mp.ex resp.nse. As the vegetation rec.vered, most disp.ac.d birds returned within ap.roximately one year.

关键词： Burning p.ant biomass Trop.ic.guilds Andes Giant rosette p.ants

Relationship.of Fatigue c.ac. p.op.gation to Disloc.tion Struc.ure and Slip.Geometry

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 1997年第5期13卷 367-373页

作者： Laird c. p.ralta p. Dep.. of Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6272 United States c.nter for Materials Sc.enc. Los Alamos National Laboratory Mail Stop K765 Los Alamos NM 87545-0001 United States

The mec.anisms of fatigue c.ac. p.op.gation are breifly reviewed in relation to p.ofessor Mc.lintoc.'s c.ntributions to the early develop.ent of the field. The most sec.rely established understanding has been obtained for those mec.anisms of p.op.gation involving p.astic.ty-induc.dgeometric.l c.anges to the c.ac. tip.during tensile and c.mp.essive straining (the p.astic.blunting p.oc.ss). The roles of more c.mp.ex fac.ors in c.ntrolling the kinetic. of c.ac. p.op.gation,whic. c.use the magnitude of the p.ris exp.nent to exc.ed 2, remain to be eluc.dated. Rec.ntlyobtained results revealing the interc.nnec.ion between the slip.behaviour at the c.ac. tip. thep.astic.blunting p.oc.ss and the disloc.tion struc.ures p.esent in the material before the c.ac.enc.unters them are rep.rted.

关键词： c.p.ER SINGLE-c.YSTALS BIc.YSTALS AIR DEp.NDENc. VAc.UM