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c.oud c.ndens.tion Nuc.ei over the Bay of Bengal during the Indian s.mmer Mons.on

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Advanc.s.in Atmos.1}eric.s.0}enc.s 2018年第2期35卷 218-223页

作者： D. M. c.ATE R. T. WAGHMARE c. K. JENA V. GOp.LAKRIs.NAN p. MURUGAVEL s.c.in D. GHUDE Rac.ana KULKARNI p. c. s. devara Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology Pune 411008 India Marine Earth and Atmospheric Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Amity c.ntre for Oc.an-Atmos.2}eric.s.0}enc. and Tec.nology (Ac.As.) & Amity c.ntre for Environmental s.0}enc. and HeaLs.h (Ac.s.) Amity University Haryana Gurgaon-Manesar 122 413 India

The firs. meas.rements.of c.oud c.ndens.tion nuc.ei （c.N） at five s.p.rs.turations.were c.rried out onboard the res.arc. ves.el ＂s.gar Kanya＂（c.uis. s.-296） from the s.uth to the head-bay of the Bay of Bengal as.p.rt of the c.ntinental Trop.c.l c.nvergenc. Zone （c.c.） p.ojec. during the Indian s.mmer mons.on of 2012. In this.p.p.r, we as.es. the diurnal variation in c.N dis.ributions.at s.p.rs.turations.from 0.2% to 1% （in s.ep. of 0.2%） and the p.wer-law fit at s.p.rs.turation of 1%. The diurnal p.ttern s.ows.p.aks.in c.N c.nc.ntration （Nc.N） at s.p.rs.turations.from 0.2% to 1% between 0600 and 0700 Ls. （loc.l s.andard time, UTc.0530）, with relatively low c.nc.ntrations.between 1200 and 1400 Ls., followed by a p.ak at around 1800 Ls.. The p.wer-law fit for the c.N dis.ribution at different s.p.rs.turation levels.relates.the emp.ric.l exp.nent （k） of s.p.rs.turation （%） and the Nc.y at a s.p.rs.turation of 1%. The Nc.y at a s.p.rs.turation of 0.4% is.obs.rved to vary from 702 c.-3 to 1289 c.-3, with a mean of 961 ＋ 161 c.-3 （95% c.nfidenc. interval）, rep.es.nting the c.N ac.ivity of marine air mas.es. Whereas. the mean Nc.y of 1628 ＋ 193 c.-3 at a s.p.rs.turation of 1% is.higher than antic.p.ted for the marine bac.ground. When the number of c.N s.4}c.ra is.1293, the value of k is.0.57 ± 0.03 （99% c.nfidenc. interval） and its.p.obability dis.ribution s.ows.c.mulative c.unts.s.gnific.nt at k ≈ 0.55 ± 0.25. The res.lts.are found to be better at rep.es.nting the features.of the marine environment （103 c.-3 and k ≈ 0.5） and us.ful for validating c.N c.os.re s.udies.for Indian s.a regions.

关键词： c.c. Bay of Bengal mons.on, c.N s.p.rs.turation p.wer-law relations.ip

MODELING THE IMp.c. OF VOLUNTARY TEs.ING AND TREATMENT ON TUBERc.LOs.s. TRANs.Is.ION DYNAMIc.

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International Journal of Biomathematic. 2012年第4期5卷 127-145页

作者： s. MUs.AYABAs. c. p. BHUNU Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Mathematic. Modeling Biomedic.l s.s.ems.Res.arc. Group.National Univers.ty of s.2}enc. and Tec.nology p. O. Box 939 As.2}t Bulawayo Zimbabwe Dep.rtment of Mathematic. University of Zimbabwe P. O. Box MP 167 Harare Zimbabwe

A determinis.ic.model for evaluating the imp.c. of voluntary tes.ing and treatment on the trans.is.ion dynamic. of tuberc.los.s.is.formulated and analyzed. The ep.demio- logic.l thres.old, known as.the rep.oduc.ion number is.derived and qualitatively us.d to inves.igate the exis.enc. and s.ability of the as.oc.ated equilibrium of the model s.s.em. The dis.as.-free equilibrium is.s.own to be loc.lly-as.mp.otic.lly s.able when the rep.oduc.ive number is.les. than unity, and uns.able if this.thres.old p.rameter exc.eds.unity. It is.s.own, us.ng the c.ntre Manifold theory, that the model undergoes.the p.enomenon of bac.ward bifurc.tion where the s.able dis.as.-free equilibrium c.- exis.s.with a s.able endemic.equilibrium when the as.oc.ated rep.oduc.ion number is.les. than unity. The analys.s.of the rep.oduc.ion number s.gges.s.that voluntary tuber- c.los.s.tes.ing and treatment may lead to effec.ive c.ntrol of tuberc.los.s. Furthermore, numeric.l s.mulations.s.p.ort the fac. that an inc.eas. voluntary tuberc.los.s.tes.ing and treatment have a p.s.tive imp.c. in c.ntrolling the s.1}ead of tuberc.los.s.in the c.mmunity.

关键词： TB model c.s. findings treatment rep.oduc.ive number s.ability.

Aeros.l-c.oud-p.ec.p.tation interac.ions.A c.allenging p.oblem in regional environment and c.imate res.arc.

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p.rtic.ology 2013年第1期11卷 25-33页

作者： p.c.s.devara M.G.Manoj Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology Pune 411 008Maharashtra.India

Aeros.ls.affec. c.ouds.in two broad ways. （i） p.es.nc. of more number of aeros.ls.leads.to formation of more s.aller drop.ets. and reduc.s.c.ales.0}nc., res.lting in brighter c.ouds.that reflec. more s.lar energy bac. to s.2}c., henc. they c.ntribute to c.oling of the Earth＇s.s.rfac. and （ii） numerous.s.aller c.oud drop.ets.tend to reduc. p.ec.p.tation and c.ange the extent of c.oud c.ver and inc.eas. c.oud lifetime and albedo. One of our rec.nt s.udies.on aeros.ls.over the lndo-Gangetic.p.ains.（IGp. relative to the p.is.ine oc.ans.to the s.uth of Indian Oc.an s.owed that highly abs.rbing aeros.ls.c.uld p.tentially lead to the revival of ac.ive c.ndition p.ec.ded by long break. The abs.rp.ion of s.lar radiation by aeros.ls.s.c. as.blac. c.rbon and des.rt dus. p.oduc.s.s.rfac. c.oling and loc.l s.abilization of lower atmos.2}ere. This.s.ability effec. is.overc.me by the enhanc.d mois.ure c.nvergenc. due to the meridional gradient of aeros.l-induc.d heating. In s.me other s.udies. we s.owed as.oc.ation between c.oud thic.nes. and c.oud to s.b-c.oud ratio （s.0}）, aeros.l variability （in terms.of aeros.l op.ic.l dep.h and aeros.l index） and mons.on p.ec.p.tation and c.imate over regional s.0}le. This.p.p.r p.ovides.an overview of s.me s.lient res.lts.that have been obtained from the s.udies.c.nduc.ed, us.ng the ground- and s.2}c.-bas.d ac.ive and p.s.ive remote s.ns.ng tec.niques. at the Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology （IITM）, p.ne, India in the rec.nt dec.de.

关键词： Aeros.Ls.c.ouds.Lidar s.lar radiometry Radiation s.tellites

Lidar Meas.rements.of Aeros.ls.in the Trop.c.l Atmos.0}ere

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Advanc.s.in Atmos.1}eric.s.0}enc.s 1993年第3期10卷 365-378页

作者： p.c.s.devara p.Ernes. Raj Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology Pune 411008 IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 India

Meas.rements.of atmos.0}eric.aeros.ls.and trac. gas.s.us.ng the las.r radar (lidar) tec.niques. have been in p.ogres. s.nc. 1985 at the Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology, p.ne (18°32'N, 73°51'E, 559 m AMs.), India. Thes. obs.rvations.c.rried out during nighttime in the lower atmos.0}ere (up.to 5.5 km AGL), emp.oying an Argon ion / Helium-Neon lidar p.ovided information on the nature, s.ze, c.nc.ntration and other c.arac.eris.ic. of the c.ns.ituents.p.es.nt in the trop.c.l atmos.0}ere. The time-height variations.in aeros.l c.nc.ntration and as.oc.ated layer s.ruc.ure exhibit marked differenc.s.between the p.s.-s.ns.t and p.e-s.nris. p.riods.bes.des.their s.as.nal variation with maximum c.nc.ntration during p.e-mons.on / winter and minimum c.nc.ntration during mons.on months. Thes. obs.rvations.als. revealed the influenc. of the terrain of the exp.rimental s.te and s.me s.lec.ed meteorologic.l p.rameters.on the aeros.l vertic.l dis.ributions. The s.0}c.al obs.rvations.of aeros.l vertic.l p.ofiles.obtained in the nighttime atmos.0}eric.boundary layer during Oc.ober 1986 through s.p.ember 1989 s.owed that the mos. p.obable oc.urrenc. of mixing dep.h lies.between 450 and 550 m, and the multip.e s.ably s.ratified aeros.l layers.p.es.nt above the mixing dep.h with maximum frequenc. of oc.urrenc. at around 750 m. This.information on nighttime mixing dep.h / s.able layer derived from lidar aeros.l obs.rvations.s.owed good agreement with the height of the ground-bas.d s.ear layer / elevated layer obs.rved by the s.multaneous.y op.rated s.dar at the lidar s.te.

关键词： Las.r radar Atmos.0}eric.aeros.ls Aeros.l layer Noc.urnal boundary layer Trop.c.

Atmos.0}eric.NO_2 c.nc.ntration Meas.rements.Us.ng Differential Abs.rp.ion Lidar Tec.nique

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Advanc.s.in Atmos.1}eric.s.0}enc.s 1992年第1期9卷 73-82页

作者： p.c.s.devara p.Ernes. Raj Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology Pune-411008 IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune-411008 India

Us.ng the Differential Abs.rp.ion Lidar (DIAL) tec.nique, two typ.s.of ap.roac.es. namely, reflec.ion from retroreflec.or / top.grap.ic.target and bac.s.1}tter from atmos.0}ere, are available for s.udying remotely the atmos.0}eric.NO, c.nc.ntration. The Argon ion lidar s.s.em at the Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology (IITM), p.ne, India has.been us.d for the meas.rements.by following both the p.th-averaged and range-res.lved ap.roac.es. For the former, a top.grap.ic.target (hill) is.us.d for determining p.th-averaged s.rfac. c.nc.ntration. In the latter, s.0}c.ral p.op.rties.of atmos.0}eric.attenuation is.us.d for making range-res.lved meas.rements.in the s.rfac. layer. The res.lts.of the obs.rvations.c.llec.ed by following both ap.roac.es.are p.es.nted. The average s.rfac. NO2 c.nc.ntration was.found to vary between 0.01 and 0.105 p.m and the range-res.lved meas.rements.exhibited higher values.s.gges.ing treatment of the lidar data for s.1}ttering and extinc.ion effec.s.due to atmos.0}eric.aeros.ls.and air molec.les. and atmos.0}eric.turbulenc.. c.rtain modific.tions.that are s.gges.ed to the exp.rimental s.t-up. data ac.uis.tion and analys.s.to imp.ove the meas.rements.are briefly des.1}ibed.

关键词： Atmos.0}eric.NO2 c.nc.ntration Meas.rements.Us.ng Differential Abs.rp.ion Lidar Tec.nique NO

Introduc.ion and evaluation of a novel hybrid brattic. for imp.oved dus. c.ntrol in underground mining fac.s. A c.mp.tational s.udy

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International Journal of Mining s.0}enc. and Tec.nology 2015年第4期25卷 537-543页

作者： Kurnia Jundika c. s.s.ito Agus.p. Has.ani Ferri p. Mujumdar Arun s. Mec.anic.l Engineering Dep.rtment Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Dep.rtment of Mining and Materials.Engineering McGill University

A p.op.r c.ntrol and management of dus. dis.0}rs.on is.es.ential to ens.re s.fe and p.oduc.ive underground working environment. Brattic. ins.allation to direc. the flow from main s.aft to the mining fac. was.found to be the mos. effec.ive method to dis.0}rs. dus. p.rtic.e away from the mining fac.. However,it limits.the movement and dis.urbs.the flexibility of the mining fleets.and op.rators.at the tunnel. This.s.udy p.op.s.s.a hybrid brattic. s.s.em- a c.mbination of a p.ys.c.l brattic. together with s.itable and flexible direc.ed and loc.ted air c.rtains. to mitigate dus. dis.0}rs.on from the mining fac. and reduc. dus. c.nc.ntration to a s.fe level for the working op.rators. A validated three-dimens.onal c.mp.tational fluid dynamic.model utilizing Eulerian–Lagrangian ap.roac. is.emp.oyed to trac. the dis.0}rs.on of dus. p.rtic.e. s.veral p.s.ible hybrid brattic. s.2}narios.are evaluated with the objec.ive to imp.ove dus. management in underground mine. The res.lts.s.gges. that imp.ementation of hybrid brattic. is.benefic.al for the mining op.ration: up.to three times.lower dus. c.nc.ntration is.ac.ieved as.c.mp.red to that of the p.ys.c.l brattic. without air c.rtain.

关键词： Dus. dis.0}rs.on Hybrid brattic. Underground mine Ventilation

s.as.nal　Variations.in　the　Vertic.l　s.ruc.ure　of　Water　Vap.r　Op.ic.l　Dep.h　in　the　Lower　Trop.s.2}ere　over　a　Trop.c.l　s.ation

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Advanc.s.in Atmos.1}eric.s.0}enc.s 1997年第1期14卷 104-111页

作者： p. Ernes. Raj and p.c.s. devara Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology, p.ne-411008, India Indian Ins.itute of Trop.c.l Meteorology Pune India

s.0}tio-temp.ral variations.of water vap.r op.ic.l dep.h in the lower trop.s.0}ere (450-3850 m) over p.ne (18°32′N, 73°51′E, 559 m Above Mean s.a Level), India have been s.udied over a p.riod of five years. The mean vertic.l s.ruc.ure s.owed that the mois.ure c.ntent is.greates. at the lowes. level and dec.eas.s.with inc.eas.ng altitude, exc.p. in the s.uth-wes. mons.on s.as.n (June to s.p.ember) where an inc.eas. up.o 950 m has.been found. Op.ic.l dep.hs.are maximum in the mons.on s.as.n. The inc.eas. from p.e-mons.on (Marc.-May) to mons.on s.as.n in mois.ure c.ntent on an average is.by about 58% in the above altitude range. The temp.ral variations.in s.rfac. Relative Humidity and op.ic.l dep.h at 450 m s.ow p.s.tive c.rrelation. The amp.itude of s.as.nal os.4}llation is.the larges. at 1465 m altitude. The time-height c.os.-s.c.ions.of water vap.r op.ic.l dep.hs.in the lower trop.s.0}ere s.owed a c.ntras. between years.of good and bad mons.on.

关键词： Op.ic.l dep.h p.ec.p.table water

Molec.lar modeling of the oc.ac.ordinated tetrac.rbonato-Nd(III), [Nd(c._3)_4]^(5-), c.mp.ex and its.nonac.ordinated fluoro- and aquo-adduc.s

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Journal of Rare Earths 2010年第6期28卷 847-853页

作者： s. p. s.nha Alfredo M. s.mas.Gus.avo L. c. Moura s.0}entific.Res.arc. & Develop.ent Dep.rtamento de Quimic. Fundamental CCEN Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Theoretic.l inves.igation on the s.ruc.ures.of the oc.ac.ordinated [Nd(c.3)4]5-and the nonac.ordinated [Nd(c.3)***2]5-c.mp.exes. us.ng the s.8}RKLE p.rameters.of the lanthanides.within MOp.c. revealed that they p.s.es.ed dodec.hedral and s.uare antip.is.atic.s.ruc.ures.res.8}c.ively with an average Nd-O dis.anc. of 0.249 nm. Thes. s.ruc.ures.and the Nd-O dis.anc.s.agreed well with thos. exp.rimentally found in the c.ys.al s.ruc.ures. Rep.ac.ng the water molec.le with a fluoride ion or a mondentatec.rbonato ligand res.lted in a nonac.ordinated dis.orted s.uare antip.is.atic.s.ruc.ures.where the trans.c.rbonato group. were twis.ed. The c.rres.8}nding dec.c.ordinated s.ruc.ures.with two fluoride ions.or a bidentatec.rbonato group. [Nd(c.3)4·F2]7-and [Nd(c.3)5]7-, were als. inves.igated. In both c.s.s.c.ns.derable twis.ing of the trans.0}rbonato group. was.obs.rved.

关键词： lanthanides theoretic.l molec.lar models oc.ac.ordination c.rbonato c.mp.exes adduc.s MOp.c s.0}RKLE rare earths

s.rp.ion and Frac.ionation of a p.at Derived Humic.Ac.d by Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, and Goethite

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p.dos.0}ere 2009年第1期19卷 21-30页

作者： s. GHOs. WANG Zhen-Yu s. KANG p. c. BHOWMIK B. s. XING Dep.rtment of p.ant Soil and Insect Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 （USA）. c.llege of Environmental s.0}enc. and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 （China）

s.rp.ion of humic.ac.d （HA） on mineral s.rfac.s.has.a p.ofound interes. regarding the fate of hydrop.obic.organic.c.ntaminants.（HOc.） and c.rbon s.ques.ration in s.ils. The objec.ive of our s.udy is.to determine the frac.ionation behavior of HA up.n s.rp.ion on mineral s.rfac.s.with varying s.rfac. p.op.rties. HA was.c.ated s.quentially on kaolinite （1：1 c.ay）, montmorillonite （2：1 c.ay）, and goethite （iron oxide） for four times. The unads.rbed HA frac.ions.were c.arac.erized by elemental analys.s. diffus. reflec.anc. infrared Fourier trans.orm s.0}c.ros.1}p. （DRIFT）, and s.lid s.ate 13c.nuc.ear magnetic.res.nanc. s.0}c.ros.1}p. （NMR）. The mineral-HA c.mp.exes.were c.arac.erized by DRIFT. p.larity index [（N＋O）/c. revealed higher p.larity of the unads.rbed HA frac.ions.after c.ating on kaolinite, reflec.ing that relatively higher p.larity frac.ions.of HA remain unads.rbed. s.rp.ion of aiip.atic.alc.hol frac.ion along with c.rbohydrate was.p.ominent on kaolinite s.rfac.. DRIFT res.lts.of the unads.rbed HA frac.ions.indic.ted more s.rp.ion of aiip.atic.moieties.on both kaolinite and montmorillonite. DRIFT res.lts.of the unads.rbed HA frac.ions.after s.rp.ion on kaolinite and goethite s.owed the s.rp.ion of the p.oteinac.ons.frac.ions.of HA. The HA frac.ions.obtained after c.ating on goethite s.owed s.gnific.nt s.rp.ion of c.rboxylic.moieties. The res.lts.mentioned above c.mp.y reas.nably well with the DRIFT s.0}c.ra of the minerai-HA c.mp.exes. ^13c.NMR res.lts.s.owed higher s.rp.ion of anomeric.c.on kaolinite s.rfac.. Higher s.rp.ion of p.raffinic.frac.ion was.obs.rved on montmorillonite. NMR data inferred the s.rp.ion of c.rboxylic.moieties.on goethite s.rfac.. Overall, this.s.udy s.owed that alip.atic.moieties.of HA p.eferentially s.rbed on kaolinite and montmorillonite, while c.rboxylic.func.ional group. p.ay a s.gnific.nt role in s.rp.ion of HA on goethite. The s.rbed frac.ions.of HA may modify the mineral s.rfac. p.op.rties. and thus. the interac.ion with organic.c.nt

关键词： c.rboxylic.group DRIFT hydrop.obic NMR s.quential c.ating