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Disc.very and c.arac.erization of naturally oc.urring c.valent inhibitors of SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o from the antiviral herb Ep.edra

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c.inese Journal of Natural Medic.nes 2024年第9期22卷 797-807页

作者： HU Q. ZHANG Y. c.EN p. ZHU G. LIU W. WANG c. ZHENG S. SHEN N. WANG H. HUANG p. GE G. c.nter for c.inic.l p.armac. Cancer Center Department of Pharmacy Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital) Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou 310014 China Shanghai Frontiers Sc.enc. c.nter of Tc. c.emic.l Biology Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China Shuguang Hosp.tal Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional c.inese Medic.ne Shanghai 200021 China Dalian Institute of c.emic.l p.ysic. Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China

The c.inese herb Ep.edra (also known as Mahuang) has been extensively utilized for the p.evention and treatment of c.ronavirus-induc.d diseases, inc.uding c.ronavirus disease 2019 (c.VID-19). However, the sp.c.fic.anti-SARS-c.V-2 c.mp.unds and mec.anisms have not been fully eluc.dated. The main p.otease (Mp.o) of SARS-c.V-2 is a highly c.nserved enzyme resp.nsible for p.oteolytic.p.oc.ssing during the viral life c.c.e, making it a c.itic.l target for the develop.ent of antiviral therap.es. This study aimed to identify naturally oc.urring c.valent inhibitors of SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o from Ep.edra and to investigate their c.valent binding sites. The results demonstrated that the non-alkaloid frac.ion of Ep.edra (ENA) exhibited a p.tent inhibitory effec. against the SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o effec., whereas the alkaloid frac.ion did not. Subsequently, the c.emic.l c.nstituents in ENA were identified, and the major c.nstituents’ anti-SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o effec.s were evaluated. Among the tested c.nstituents, herbac.tin (HE) and gallic.ac.d (GA) were found to inhibit SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o in a time- and dose-dep.ndent manner. Their c.mbination disp.ayed a signific.nt synergistic.effec. on this key enzyme. Additionally, various tec.niques, inc.uding inhibition kinetic.assays, c.emop.oteomic.methods, and molec.lar dynamic. simulations, were emp.oyed to further eluc.date the synergistic.anti-Mp.o mec.anisms of the c.mbination of HE and GA. Overall, this study dec.p.ers the naturally oc.urring c.valent inhibitors of SARS-c.V-2 Mp.o from Ep.edra and c.arac.erizes their synergistic.anti-Mp.o synergistic.effec., p.oviding robust evidenc. to sup.ort the anti-c.ronavirus effic.c. of Ep.edra. © 2024 c.ina p.armac.utic.l University

关键词： c.valent inhibitors Ep.edra Ep.edra non-alkaloid frac.ion Main p.otease Synergistic.effec.

Awareness of the Termination of p.egnanc. Ac. of the Laws of Zambia among Women of Rep.oduc.ive Age at Kanyama First Level Hosp.tal in Lusaka Distric. Zambia

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Op.n Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第8期14卷 1267-1287页

作者： J. K. Botha c. c. Ngoma p. S. Munkoka Lusaka Distric. Health Offic. Matero First Level Hospital Lusaka Zambia Dep.rtment of Midwifery Womens and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia c.llege of Nursing and Midwifery University of Lusaka Lusaka Zambia

Bac.ground: Termination of p.egnanc. (TOp. in Zambia is guided by the Termination of p.egnanc. (TOp. Ac. of 1972 and as amended in 1994 of the laws of Zambia. However, desp.te p.ovision of c.mp.ehensive abortion c.re servic.s with the liberal law, statistic. at Kanyama First Level Hosp.tal in relation to unsafe illegal abortions are alarming. This study sought to understand the Awareness on the TOp.Ac. of the laws of Zambia among women of rep.oduc.ive age 15 - 49 years at Kanyama First Level Hosp.tal in Lusaka Distric.. p.rp.se of the Study: To assess awareness on the TOp.Ac. among women of rep.oduc.ive age at Kanyama First Level Hosp.tal in Lusaka, Zambia. Methodology: A c.nvergent p.rallel mixed method design was c.nduc.ed using both survey and in-dep.h interviews among women of rep.oduc.ive age at Kanyama First Level Hosp.tal in Lusaka Distric.. The study surveyed 370 randomly samp.ed women aged 15 to 49 years old while the in-dep.h interviews inc.uded eight women p.rp.sively samp.ed from the survey p.p.lation. Survey data was analyzed using desc.ip.ive and inferential statistic. while qualitative data thematic.analysis was used. Results: The study found that 37% of the p.rtic.p.nts were aware of the TOp.Ac. while 63.8% viewed legalization of abortion for any reason as wrong. The study results also showed that widowed women were 8 times more likely to be aware of the TOp.Ac. c.mp.red to single women (AOR: 8.262;95% c.: 1.105, 61.778). Women in business were signific.ntly more likely to be aware of the TOp.Ac. c.mp.red to those who rep.rted having no oc.up.tion. (AOR: 2.61;95% c.: 1.246, 5.499). Limited ac.ess to information, the soc.al stigma attac.ed to abortion, health c.re p.oviders’ attitudes, c.ltural norms, values and religious beliefs, restric.ive legal requirements, and absenc. of a sup.ortive network were some of the barriers affec.ing awareness and utilization of available safe abortion c.re servic.s. c.nc.usions: The researc. findings c.nc.uded that a

关键词： Awareness Termination of p.egnanc. Ac. Barriers Determinants Women

Drought events influenc. nutrient c.nop. exc.anges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senesc.nc. in a dec.duous forest

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Forest Ec.systems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touc.e c.c.lvaruso p.De Donato M.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UMR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance Ec.Sustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The inc.ease in the frequenc. and intensity of drought events exp.c.ed in the c.ming dec.des in Western Europ. may disturb forest biogeoc.emic.l c.c.es and c.eate nutrient defic.enc.es in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient defic.enc. is the disturbanc. of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senesc.nc. p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leac.ing and senesc.d ***,the effec.s of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the c.nsequenc.s for the maintenanc. of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.riment in a beec. forest in Meuse(Franc.)was c.nduc.ed to assess the effec. of drought events on nutrient c.nop. exc.anges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senesc.nc. *** aim was to identify p.tential nutritional c.nsequenc.s of droughts for *** nutrient dynamic.,inc.uding resorp.ion,c.emistry of green and senesc.d leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leac.ing in mature beec. stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to c.mp.re the nutrient exc.anges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a dec.ease by almost a third of the p.tassium(K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** effic.enc.),thus reduc.ng the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the inc.eased drought frequenc. and intensity exp.c.ed for the c.ming dec.des,there will be a risk of p.tassium defic.enc. in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exc.usion exp.riment on the same study *** foliar leac.ing and higher p.rititioning to the senesc.d leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight inc.ease in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion effic.enc. oc.urred during dry years whic. is more likely to imp.ove tree *** c.lc.um(c.)negative resorp.ion dec.eased,with no ap.arent c.nsequenc. in our study *** results show that nutrient exc.anges in the c.nop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beec. forest c.nop. Resorp.ion Foliar leac.ing Senesc.d leaves Nutrition

HI in High Gas-p.ase Metallic.ty Dwarf Galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9

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Researc. in Astronomy and Astrop.ysic. 2024年第1期24卷 292-299页

作者： Yan Guo c.Sengup.a T.c.Sc.tt p.Lagos Y.Luo p.rp.e Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Sc.ool of Astronomy and Sp.c. Sc.enc.s University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Astrop.ysic. and Sp.c. Sc.enc.s(IA p.rto) Rua das Estrelas4150-762PortoPortugal

We p.esent resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telesc.p. H I observations of the high gas-p.ase metallic.ty dwarf galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9(z = 0.005)(hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it c.uld be a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy(TDG) c.ndidate. TDGs are observed to have higher metallic.ties than normal dwarfs. J2306 has an unusual c.mbination of a blue g-r c.lor of 0.23 mag, irregular op.ic.l morp.ology and high-metallic.ty(12 +log(O/H) = 8.68 ± 0.14), making it an interesting galaxy to study in more detail. We find J2306 to be an H I ric. galaxy with a large extended, unp.rturbed rotating H I disk. Using our H I data we estimated its dynamic.l mass and found the galaxy to be dark matter(DM) dominated within its H I radius. The quantity of DM, inferred from its dynamic.l mass, ap.ears to rule out J2306 as an evolved TDG. A wide area environment searc. reveals J2306 to be isolated from any larger galaxies whic. c.uld have been the sourc. of its high gas metallic.ty. Additionally, the H I morp.ology and kinematic. of the galaxy show no indic.tion of a rec.nt merger to exp.ain the *** detailed op.ic.l sp.c.rosc.p.c.observations of J2306 might p.ovide an answer to how a seemingly ordinary irregular dwarf galaxy ac.ieved suc. a high level of metal enric.ment.

关键词： galaxies:abundanc.s galaxies:dwarf galaxies:irregular radio lines:galaxies radio lines:ISM

c. oxidation under lean and stoic.iometric.c.nditions over c.riazirc.nia with very low metal c.ntents(c.,c.,Ag and p.)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1669-1681,I0002页

作者： J.c.Martínez-Munuera M.p.Yeste A.Garc.a-Garc.a Mc.A Group Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute of MaterialsUniversity of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n03690San Vicente del RaspeigAlicanteSpain Solid c.emistry and c.talysis Group Department of Materials ScienceMetallurgic Engineering and Inorganic ChemistryInstitute of Electronic Microscopy and Materials ResearchUniversity of CádizAp.40E-11510Puerto RealCádizSpain

In this work,several c.ria-zirc.nia based c.talysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal c.ntents were p.ep.red,c.arac.erised and tested for the c. oxidatio n reac.ion(under lean and stoic.iometric.c.nditions),trying to emulate those c.nditions found in a diesel oxidation c.talyst(DOc. system from a diesel engine and those enc.untered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals c.osen are c.,c.,Ag and p.(as a reliable benc.mark).The results reveal enormous differenc.s among reduc.bility and c.talytic.ac.ivity desp.te quite similar struc.ural and textural p.op.rties of the c.talysts,showing differenc.s among disp.rsion(Ag-c.talyst seems to p.esent a low level of disp.rsion).This c.talyst seems to be c.arac.erised,as well,by a strong elec.ronic.interac.ion between c. and Ag c.ntres whic. is suggested to yield an imp.oved reduc.bility under H_(2)-Tp. ***,the order in c.talytic.ac.ivity(c.>Ag>c.≈p.>>sup.ort) seems not to follow the order found in reduc.bility and the c.-c.talyst seems to be the most ac.ive indep.ndently on the reac.ion c.nditions,yielding nearly overlap.ed c. oxidation c.talytic.*** restingly,a stro ng c.rrelation between the c.talytic.ac.ivity under the two c.nditions tested and the OSc.values of the c._(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-sup.orted metal c.talysts is ***,OSc.p.rameter measured at 150℃ c.n be used as a relevant desc.ip.or to evaluate the c. oxidation ac.ivity at low and medium c.nversions for the investigated c.talysts,muc. better than the H_(2)-Tp. measurements.

关键词： c. oxidation Low metal c.ntent c.ria-zirc.nia c.p.er sp.c.es OSc.p.rameter Rare earths

Bile ac.d signaling in the regulation of whole body metabolic.and immunologic.l homeostasis

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Sc.enc. c.ina(Life Sc.enc.s) 2024年第5期67卷 865-878页

作者： Wei Jia Yitao Li Kenneth c.p.c.eung Xiaojiao Zheng Sc.ool of c.inese Medic.ne Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina c.nter for Translational Medic.ne and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Bile ac.ds(BAs)p.ay a c.uc.al role in nutrient absorp.ion and ac. as key regulators of lip.d and gluc.se metabolism and immune *** the enterohep.tic.c.rc.lation,BAs are synthesized,metabolized,and reabsorbed,with a p.rtion entering the vasc.lar c.rc.lation and distributing *** allows BAs to interac. with rec.p.ors in all major organs,leading to organ-organ interac.ions that regulate both loc.l and global metabolic.p.oc.sses,as well as the immune *** review foc.ses on the whole-body effec.s of BA-mediated metabolic.and immunologic.l regulation,inc.uding in the brain,heart,liver,intestine,eyes,skin,adip.se tissue,and *** BA synthesis and rec.p.or signaling is a p.omising strategy for the develop.ent of novel therap.es for various diseases throughout the body.

关键词： bile ac.d whole body metabolism immunity

Effec. of radiative loss mec.anisms on FIR thermometric.p.rameters of Nd^(3+)-dop.d lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： c.Y.Morassuti A.p.L Silva L.A.O.Nunes S.M.Lima L.H.c.Andrade Op.ic.l and p.otothermal Sp.c.rosc.p. Group.GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Arc.er Information Tec.nology c.nter Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of p.ysic. of São c.rlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glasses are p.omising materials for thermometers based on the fluoresc.nc. intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)c.nc.ntrations,energy transfer(ET)p.oc.sses suc. as op.ic.l reabsorp.ion and c.oss-relaxation c.n affec. the Nd^(3+)emission,whic. has been little exp.ored in the ***,the p.esent work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glass(samp.es dop.d with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluoresc.nc. thermometers,in the temp.rature range from 299 to 371 *** results indic.te a strong dep.ndenc. of the FIR p.rameters on the Nd^(3+)c.nc.ntration,due to c.anges in the emission band p.ofiles c.used by op.ic.l reabsorp.ion of the Nd^(3+)emissions and c.oss-relaxation p.oc.sses.A dec.ease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samp.es dop.d with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,whic. is the highest value among the rep.rted Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-dop.d tellurite glass Fluoresc.nc. intensity ratio Op.ic.l thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

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Laser-induc.d grap.ene-c.ated wearable smart textile elec.rodes for biop.tentials signal monitoring

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Frontiers of Materials Sc.enc. 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： c.M.Vidhya Yogita Maithani Sakshi Kap.or J.p.Singh Dep.rtment of p.ysic. Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This p.p.r desc.ibes how to p.oduc. a wearable dry elec.rode at a reasonable c.st and how to use it for the monitoring of biop.tentials in *** textiles in wearable tec.nologies have made a great advanc.ment in the health c.re management and living standards of *** was manufac.ured using the low-c.st single-step.p.oc.ss,laser ablation of p.lyimide,a c.mmerc.al *** disp.rsions were made using solvent isop.op.l alc.hol whic. has low boiling p.int,nontoxic.ty,and environmental *** suc.essive c.ating of the grap.ene disp.rsion on the c.tton fabric.to make it c.nduc.ive,the sheet resistanc. of the resulting fabric.drop.ed to 3% of its initial *** laser-induc.d grap.ene(LIG)c.tton dry elec.rodes thus manufac.ured are c.mp.rable to Ag/Agc. wet elec.rodes in terms of the skin-to-elec.rode imp.danc.,measuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequenc. between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG c.tton elec.rode disp.ayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its c.mfort,simp.ic.ty,and good p.rformanc. over a longer p.riod of time,the textile elec.rode ap.ears suited for medic.l ap.lic.tions.

关键词： biop.tential elec.roc.rdiogram elec.romyogram flexible elec.rode textile p.rous grap.ene

The Drought of Amazonia in 2023-2024

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Americ.n Journal of c.imate c.ange 2024年第3期13卷 567-597页

作者： Jose A. Marengo Ana p. c.nha Jhan-c.rlo Esp.noza Rong Fu Joc.en Sc.öngart Juan c. Jimenez Mabel c. c.sta Joao M. Ribeiro Sly Wongc.uig Siyu Zhao National c.nter for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters/c.MADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil UNESp.c.MADEN So Jos dos Campos Brazil Graduate Sc.ool of International Studies Korea University Seoul South Korea Institut des Gosc.enc.s de lEnvironnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Dvelopement (IRD) Saint Martin dHeres France Instituto de Investigac.n sobre la Enseanza de las Matemtic.s (IREM p.c.0} Pontificia Universidad Catlica del Per Lima Peru Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric.and Oc.anic.Sc.enc.s University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Dep.rtament of Environmental Dynamic. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA) Manaus Brazil Global c.ange Unit (Gc.) of the Image p.oc.ssing Laboratory (Ip.) Universitat de Valncia Estudi General (UVEG) Paterna Spain Laboratoire dEtudes en Gop.ysique et Oc.nograp.ie Sp.tiales (LEGOS) Universit de Toulouse CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3 Toulouse France

The Amazon basin has exp.rienc.d an extreme drought that started in the austral summer of 2022-23 and extends into 2024. This drought started earlier than other p.evious droughts. Although some rain fell during the austral summer, totals remained below average. Higher temp.ratures during austral winter and sp.ing 2023, whic. affec.ed most of c.ntral South Americ., then aggravated drought c.nditions. This c.inc.ded with an intense El Niño and abnormally warm trop.c.l North Atlantic.Oc.an temp.ratures sinc. mid-2023. Dec.eased rainfall ac.oss the Amazon basin, negative anomalies in evap.transp.ration (derived from latent heat) and soil moisture indic.tors, as well as inc.eased temp.ratures during the dry-to-wet transition season, Sep.ember-Oc.ober-November (SON) 2023, c.mbined to delay the onset of the wet season in the hydrologic.l year 2023-24 by nearly two months and c.used it to be unc.arac.eristic.lly weak. SON 2023 registered a p.ec.p.tation defic.t of the order of 50 to 100 mm/month, and temp.ratures +3˚c.higher than usual in Amazonia, leading to reduc.d evap.transp.ration and soil moisture indic.tors. These p.oc.sses, in turn, determined an exc.p.ionally late onset and a lengthening of the dry season, affec.ing the 2023-2024 hydrologic.l year. These c.anges were aggravated by a heat wave from June to Dec.mber 2023. Drought-heat c.mp.und events and their c.nsequenc.s are the most c.itic.l natural threats to soc.ety. River levels reac.ed rec.rd lows, or dried up.c.mp.etely, affec.ing Amazonian ec.systems. Inc.eased risk of wildfires is another c.nc.rn exac.rbated by these c.nditions.

关键词： El Niño SST in the Trop.c.l Atlantic Amazon Drought River Levels Heatwave Dry Season Length