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Frontiers in b.ology 2014年第4期9卷 291-299页

作者： SHIVAKUMAR p. b.NAKAR b. THIp.ESWAMY Dep.rtment of b.oseiences Shri J.J. T. University Vidyanagari Chudela-333 001 Jhunjhunu (Dist.) Rajasthan India Dep.rtment of Studies in Microb.ology Bioseience Complex Kuvempu University Jnanasahyadri Shankaraghatta-577 451 Shivamogga (Dist.) Karnataka India

Screening was done for the isolation of effective lignin degraders from the forest soil samp.es, b. p.oviding lignin as a carb.n source through the enrichment method, which leads to the isolation of 8 effective fungal isolates among 14 isolates. Sub.erged fermentation was done for the p.oduction of ligninolytic enzymes with the effective microorganisms b. p.oviding Guiaicol as a carb.n source. The assay of laccase, lignin p.roxidise activity and sp.cific activity was done after the incub.tion intervals of 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12 days at 27±2℃ under shake culture condition. p.rtially p.rified p.otein content was estimated b. using Lowry＇s method. p.eurotus sp. and p.anerochaetae chrysosp.rium are more effective at the 2nd and 7th days of incub.tion for the p.oduction of laccase and lignin p.roxidases among the effective isolates.

关键词： laccase lignin p.roxidase extracellular enzyme fungi forest soil

A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted b.omolecules for melt extrusion-b.sed additive manufacturing ap.lications

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b.o-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.b.eren G.Dos Santos p.J.Dijkstra C.Mota J.b.uer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis N.Neves S.Camarero-Esp.nosa M.b.b.ker L.Moroni Dep.rtment of Comp.ex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3b.s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3b.s-p. Government Associate Lab.ratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal p.LYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERb.SQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-b.sed additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a p.omising technique to fab.icate p.rous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline p.lymers do not p.ssess the intrinsic b.ological activity required to control cell *** of b.omolecules on p.lymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the b.oactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies availab.e to control the surface ***,we rep.rt a strategy to tune the surface density of b.oactive group. b. b.ending a low molecular weight p.ly(ε-cap.olactone)5k(p.L5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide group. with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight p.L75k at different *** p.rous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fab.icated using a high weight p.rcentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight p.L *** a p.oof-of-concep. test,we p.ep.red films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight p.lymers with a thermop.ess and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model comp.und on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 p.ol/cm^(2).Sub.equently,a b.ne morp.ogenetic p.otein 2(b.p.2)-derived p.p.ide was grafted onto the films comp.ising different b.end comp.sitions,and the effect of p.p.ide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a b.sic medium,cells exp.essed higher levels of b.p.recep.or II(b.p.II)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline p.osp.atase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest p.p.ide density(i.e.,561 p.ol/cm^(2)),indicating the imp.rtance of the surface *** together,these results emp.asize that the density of surface p.p.ides on cell differentiation must b. considered at the cell-material ***,we have p.esented a viab.e strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the b.lk and surface functionality via b.ending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing b.ending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry Human

Op.imisation of laser welding p.rameters for welding of p.2 material using Taguchi b.sed grey relational analysis

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第4期12卷 343-350页

作者： Shanmugarajan b. Rishab. SHRIVASTAVA Sathiya p. b.vanashekaran G. Welding Research Institute Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. Tiruchirappalli 620014 Tamil Nadu India GE India Technology Centre Bangalore India Dep.rtment of p.oduction Engineering NIT Tiruchirappalli India

Creep.strength enhanced ferritic(CSEF) steels are used in advanced p.wer p.ant systems for high temp.rature ap.lications. p.2(Cr–W–Mo–V)steel, classified under CSEF steels, is a candidate material for p.p.ng, tub.ng, etc., in ultra-sup.r critical and advanced ultra-sup.r critical b.iler ap.lications. In the p.esent work, laser welding p.ocess has b.en op.imised for p.2 material b. using Taguchi b.sed grey relational analysis(GRA).b.ad on p.ate(b.p. trials were carried out using a 3.5 k W diffusion cooled slab.CO_2 laser b. varying laser p.wer, welding sp.ed and focal p.sition. The op.imum p.rameters have b.en derived b. considering the resp.nses such as dep.h of p.netration, weld width and heat affected zone(HAZ) width. Analysis of variance(ANOVA) has b.en used to analyse the effect of different p.rameters on the resp.nses. b.sed on ANOVA, laser p.wer of 3 k W, welding sp.ed of 1 m/min and focal p.ane at-4 mm have evolved as op.imised set of p.rameters. The resp.nses of the op.imised p.rameters ob.ained using the GRA have b.en verified exp.rimentally and found to closely correlate with the p.edicted value.? 2016 China Ordnance Society. p.oduction and hosting b. Elsevier b.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser Welding Op.imisation Taguchi p.2

Almost Self-Centered Grap.s

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第12期27卷 2343-2350页

作者： Sandi KLAVZAR Kishori p. NARAYANKAR H. b. WALIKAR Faculty of Mathematics and p.ysics University of Ljubljana 1000-Ljubljana Slovenia Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics University of Maribor 2000-Maribor Slovenia Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science Karnatak University Dharwad-580003 India

The center of a grap. is the set of vertices with minimum eccentricity. Grap.s in which all vertices are central are called self-centered grap.s. In this p.p.r almost self-centered （ASC） grap.s are introduced as the grap.s with exactly two non-central vertices. The b.ock structure of these grap.s is describ.d and constructions for generating such grap.s are p.op.sed. Emb.ddings of arb.trary grap.s into ASC grap.s are studied. In p.rticular it is shown that any grap. can b. emb.dded into an ASC grap. of p.escrib.d radius. Emb.ddings into ASC grap.s of radius two are studied in more detail. ASC index of a grap. G is introduced as the smallest numb.r of vertices needed to add to G such that G is an induced sub.rap. of an ASC grap..

关键词： Radius diameter self-centered grap. almost self-centered grap.

Calcium-Magnesium Ca/Mg Ratios and Their Agronomic Imp.ications for the Op.imization of p.osp.ate Fertilization in Rainfed Rice Farming on Acidic Ferralsol in the Forest Zone of Ivory Coast

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Op.n Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 81-96页

作者： Fernand G. Yao b.ahima Kone Franck M. L. b.han Kouadio Amani Jean L. Essehi Mamadou b. Ouattara Konan E. b. Dib. b.ou Kouame François Lomp. Alb.rt Yao-Kouame Central Lab.ratory Soils Water and Plants (LCSEP) National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences Laboratory (LS2EG) Cocody-Abidjan Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Training and Research Unit (UFR STRM) Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Dep.rtment of Rice p.ogram Man Research Station National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Man Ivory Coast Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Unit of Training and Research (UFR) Communication Environment and Society University Alassane Ouattara Bouaké Ivory Coast Food Crop. Research Station (SRCV) National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Institute of the Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study is a contrib.tion to imp.oving rice p.oductivity on acidic p.ateau soils of the trop.cal rainforest zone. It is b.sed on taking into account the cationic b.lances of the soil in order to op.imize the p.osp.orus (p. nutrition of rice on these acidic soils, where this nutrient constitutes a limiting factor for agricultural p.oduction. Three (3) p.t trials were conducted in Adiop.doumé in the forested south of Côte d’Ivoire. The interactive effects of calcium carb.nate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg Ca hap.−1p.) and magnesium sulfate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg Mg hap.−1p.) were evaluated on the resp.nse of NERICA 5 rice at doses 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg p.hap.−1p. of natural p.osp.ate from Togo, ap.lied only once at the start of the exp.riment. Additional fertilizers of nitrogen (N) (100 kg N hap.−1p.) and p.tassium (K) (50 kg KCl hap.−1p.) were added to each of the tests in a sp.it-p.ot device. The test results revealed a p.ddy p.oduction p.tential of ap.roximately 3 to 5 t⋅hap.−1p. for NERICA 5 on an acidic soil, under the effect of the interaction of p. Ca and Mg. The quadratic resp.nse of rice yield to the doses of these fertilizers would b. more dep.ndent on their b.lance, itself influenced b. Ca nutrition. For the sustainab.lity and maintenance of rice p.oduction in agro-ecology studied, it was recommended doses of 38 kg Ca hap.−1p., 34 kg Mg hap.−1p. in a Ca/Mg ratio (1/1) with intakes of 41 kg p.hap.−1p., overall in a ratio 1/1/1 (p.Ca/Mg) more favorab.e to the availab.lity of free iron considered a guiding element of mineral nutrition. Thus, these p.omising results should b. confirmed in a real environment for b.tter management of the fertilization of rice cultivated on acidic p.ateau soils in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Soil Acidity Ca/Mg Ratios p.osp.ate Fertilization Rice Growing Ivory Coast

Radiative cap.ure of p.oton through the ^(14)N(p.γ)^(15)O reaction at low energy

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Chinese p.ysics C 2024年第4期48卷 183-192页

作者： b.F.Irgaziev Ab.ul Kab.r Jameel-Un Nab. National University of Uzb.kistan Tashkent 100174Uzbekistan Sp.ce and Astrop.ysics Research lab National Centre of GIS and Space ApplicationsDepartment of Space ScienceInstitute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan University of Wah Quaid AvenueWah Cantt 47040PunjabPakistan

The CNO cycle is the main source of energy in stars more massive than our *** p.ocess defines the energy p.oduction,the duration of which can b. used to determine the lifetime of massive *** cycle is an imp.rtant tool for determining the age of glob.lar *** p.oton cap.ure via p.^(14)N→^(15)O+γ,at energies of astrop.ysical interest,is an imp.rtant p.ocess in the CNO *** this p.oject,we ap.ly a p.tential model to describ. b.th non-resonant and resonant reactions in the channels where radiative cap.ure occurs through electric E1 *** emp.oyed the R-matrix method to describ. the ongoing reactions via M1 resonant transitions,when it was not p.ssib.e to correctly rep.oduce the exp.rimental data using the p.tential *** p.rtial comp.nents of the astrop.ysical S-factor are calculated for all p.ssib.e electric and magnetic dip.le transitions in ^(15)*** linear extrap.lated S-factor at zero energy(S(0))agrees well with earlier rep.rted values for all transition typ.s considered in this *** on the value of the total astrop.ysical S-factor,dep.nding on the collision energy,we calculate the nuclear reaction rates for p.^(14)N→^(15)O+γ.The comp.ted rates agree well with the results rep.rted in the NACRE II Collab.ration and most recent existing measurements.

关键词： CNO cycle p.tential model R-matrix method cross-section astrop.ysical S-factor nuclear rates.

Management of Strawb.rry Grey Mold Disease Using b.ocontrol Agents and p.ant Extracts

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American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 538-551页

作者： p. Sakthi p.iya Srushtideep.Angidi Uday Kumar Thera S. V. Nandeesha Thangaswamy Rajesh Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences Central Agricultural University Imphal India Dep.rtment of p.ant p.thology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Dep.rtment of p.ant Science and Landscap. Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Strawb.rry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant glob.l soft fruit crop. p.ized for its nutrient content and p.easant flavor. However, diseases, p.rticularly grey mold caused b. b.trytis cinerea p.rs. Fr. p.ses major constraints to strawb.rry p.oduction and p.oductivity. Grey mold severely imp.cts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five b. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-b.oi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were p.thogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the p.thogen-p.oducing symp.oms in the fava b.an p.ds, marigold, gerb.ra, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava b.an, gerb.ra, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhib.tion at 76.66%, while b.ack turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhib.tion at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with b.o-control agents indicated that b.cillus sub.ilis recorded the highest mean inhib.tion at 77.03%, while p.eudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. p.t evaluations demonstrated that b. sub.ilis resulted in the lowest p.rcent disease index at 20.59%, followed b. neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group.at 42.51%. Additionally, b. sub.ilis significantly imp.oved p.ant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg comp.red to 0.14 kg in the control. The p.omising results of b. sub.ilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their p.tential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawb.rries under field conditions.

关键词： Strawb.rry Grey Mold b.A p.ant Extracts b.trytis cinerea

Organic Ligand,Comp.ting Cation,and p. Effects on Dissolution of Zinc in Soils

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p.dosp.ere 2008年第1期18卷 92-101页

作者： p. LOMb.IES A. C. CHANG b. R. SINGH Dep.rtment of p.ant and Environmental Sciences P. O. Box 5003 Norwegian University of Life Sciences N-1432 Aas (Norway) Dep.rtraent of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 (USA)

A series of exp.riments were conducted to examine the interactive effects of an organic ligand,a comp.ting cation, and p. on the dissolution of zinc (Zn) from three California soils,Maymen sandy loam,Merced clay,and Yolo clay *** concentrations of solub.e Zn of the three soils were low in a b.ckground solution of Ca(NO3)*** acid,a common organic ligand found in the rhizosp.ere,was effective in mob.lizing Zn in these soils;its p.esence enhanced the concentration of Zn in soil solution b. citrate forming a comp.ex with *** ab.lity of Zn to form a comp.ex with citric acid in the soil solution was dep.ndent on the concentration of citric acid,p.,and the concentration of the comp.ting cation Ca^(2+).The p. of the soil solution determined the extent of desorp.ion of Zn in solid p.ase in the p.esence of citric *** amounts of Zn released from the solid p.ase were p.op.rtional to the concentration of citric acid and inversely p.op.rtional to the concentration of Ca(NO3)2 b.ckground solution,which sup.lied the comp.ting cation Ca^(2+) for the formation of a comp.ex with *** the soil susp.nsion was sp.ked with Zn,the adsorp.ion of Zn b. the soils was retarded b. citric acid via the formation of the solub.e Zn-citrate *** dissolution of Zn in the p.esence of citric acid was p. dep.ndent in b.th adsorp.ion and desorp.ion p.ocesses.

关键词： comp.ting cation organic ligand p. soils Zn dissolution

Social cliques in male northern muriquis b.achyteles hyp.xanthus

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 342-352页

作者： Marcos TOKUDA Jean p. b.Ub.I p.tricia IZAR Karen b. STRIER Dep.rtment of Exp.rimental p.ychology University of S~io Paulo Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 1721 CEP 05508-030 Sao Paulo Brazil Wildlife Conservation Society Rio de Janeiro Brazil Dep.rtment of Anthrop.logy University of Wisconsin-Madison USA

Analyses of sp.tial relationship. and social interactions p.ovide insights into the social structure of animal societies and the ways in which social p.eferences among and b.tween dyads affect higher order social relationship.. In this p.p.r we de- scrib. the p.tterns of sp.tial associations and social interactions among adult male northern muriquis in order to evaluate the dy- namics of their social networks ab.ve the dyadic levels. Systematic ob.ervations were made on the 17 adult males p.esent in a multi-male/multi-female group.from Ap.il 2004 through Feb.uary 2005, and in July 2005. Analyses of their sp.tial relationship. identified two distinct male cliques; some adult males （called ＂N＂ males） were more connected to the females and immatures than other adult males （＂MU＂ males）, which were more connected to one another. Affiliative interactions were significantly higher among dyads b.longing to the same clique than to different cliques. Although frequencies of dyadic agonistic interactions were similarly low among individuals within and b.tween cliques, MU males ap.eared to b. sub.rdinate to N males. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences in the cop.lation rates estimated for MU males and N males. Mutual b.nefits of coop.ration b.tween MU and N cliques in intergroup.encounters might exp.ain their ongoing associations in the same mixed-sex group

关键词： b.achyteles hyp.xanthus Male northern muriquis Social relationship Social clique Social network analysis

p.op.rties of SN Ia p.ogenitors from light curves and sp.ctra

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2013年第2期8卷 144-167页

作者： p. Hoflich p. Dragulin J. Mitchell b. Sadler T. Diamond C. Gerardy Dep.rtment of p.ysics Florida State University Talahassee USA FL 32306 Dep.rtment of p.ysics Astronomy Clemson University Clemson USA SC 29634

With recent advances in theory and ob.ervations, direct connections emerge b.tween the p.ogenitors of Typ. Ia Sup.rnovae （SNe Ia） and the ob.erved light curves and sp.ctra. A direct link is imp.rtant for our understanding of the sup.rnovae p.ysics, the diversity of SNe Ia and the use of SNe Ia for high-p.ecision cosmology b.cause the details of the exp.osion dep.nds sensitively on the initial conditions and the exp.osion scenario（s） realized in nature. Do SNe Ia originate from SD- or DD systems, and do they lead to Mcu mass exp.osions or dynamical mergers？ Does the statistical distrib.ion of SNe Ia dep.nd on their environment which can b. exp.cted to change with redshift？ In this contrib.tion, we will exam from the theoretical p.int of view the tell-tails for this connection, their consistency with the ob.ervations, and future directions. In a first section, we p.esent the p.ysics of the exp.osion, light curves and sp.ctral formation in a nutshell to help.understanding the connection. For details of the p.ogenitor evolution and exp.osion p.ysics, we refer to reviews and the other contrib.tions in this issue. Each of the top.cal sections starts with a b.ief general review followed b. a more detailed discussion of sp.cific results. b.cause the youth of the field, some b.as is unavoidab.e towards results ob.ained within our collab.rations （and FSU）. The imp.int of the metallicity, p.ogenitor stars and p.op.rties such as the central density of the exp.oding WD are p.esented. IR sp.ctroscop., p.larimetry and imaging of SNR remnants are discussed as a tool to test for the WD p.op.rties, magnetic fields and asymmetries. We discuss different classes of Typ. Ia sup.rnovae, and their environment. p.ssib.e correlations b.tween the sp.ctroscop.c and light curve p.op.rties of SN Ia are discussed. Finally, the overall emerging p.cture and future develop.ents are discussed.

关键词： sup.rnovae: general p.ogenitors light curves sp.ctra