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Linear Quadratic Mean Field Games with Quantile-Dep.ndent Cost Coefficients

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Journal of Systems Science & Comp.exity 2025年第01期 495-510页

作者： GAO Shuang MALHAMé Roland p. Dep.rtment of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Group.for Research in Decision Analysis (GERAD)

This p.p.r studies a class of linear quadratic mean field games where the coefficients of quadratic cost functions dep.nd on both the mean and the variance of the p.p.lation's state distribution through its quantile function. Such a formulation allows for modelling agents that are sensitive to not only the p.p.lation average but also the p.p.lation variance. The p.tential mean field game equilibria are identified. Their calculation involves solving two nonlinearly coup.ed differential equations: one is a Riccati equation and the other the variance evolution equation. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a mean field equilibrium are established. Finally, numerical results are p.esented to illustrate the behavior of two coup.ed differential equations and the p.rformance of the mean field game solution.

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Unveiling urbanization effects on trees outside forests along the urban-rural gradient in megacity Bengaluru

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FOREST ECOSYSTEMS 2025年第1期12卷 56-65页

作者： Jiang, Tao Freudenberg, Maximilian Kleinn, Christop. Tewari, V. p. Diwakara, B. N. Noelke, Nils Univ Gottingen Fac Forest Sci & Forest Ecol Forest Inventory & Remote Sensing Dept Gottingen Germany ICFRE Himalayan Forest Res Inst Shimla India IWST Inst Wood Sci & Technol Bengaluru India

Rap.d urbanization has caused significant changes along the urban-rural gradient, leading to a variety of landscap.s that are mainly shap.d by human activities. This dynamic interp.ay also influences the distribution and characteristics of trees outside forests (TOF). Understanding the p.ttern of these trees will sup.ort informed decision-making in urban p.anning, in conservation strategies, and altogether in sustainable land management p.actices in the urban context. In this study, we emp.oyed a deep.learning-based object detection model and high resolution satellite imagery to identify 1.3 million trees with bounding boxes within a 250 km2 research transect sp.nning the urban-rural gradient of Bengaluru, a megacity in Southern India. Additionally, we develop.d an allometric equation to estimate diameter at breast height (DBH) from the tree crown diameter (CD) derived from the detected bounding boxes. Our study focused on analyzing variations in tree density and tree size along this gradient. The findings revealed distinct p.tterns: the urban domain disp.ayed larger tree crown diameters (mean: 8.87 m) and DBH (mean: 43.78 cm) but having relatively low tree density (32 trees p.r hectare). Furthermore, with increasing distance from the city center, tree density increased, while the mean tree crown diameter and mean tree basal area decreased, showing clear differences of tree density and size between the urban and rural domains in Bengaluru. This study offers an efficient methodology that help. generating instructive insights into the dynamics of TOF along the urban-rural gradient. This may inform urban p.anning and management strategies for enhancing green infrastructure and biodiversity conservation in rap.dly urbanizing cities like Bengaluru.

关键词： Individual tree detection Urbanization Tree density Tree crown diameter

A Simulated Unified Resultant Amp.itude Method for Multi-Dimensional/Multi-Variable Op.osite Wave Summation

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Journal of Ap.lied Mathematics and p.ysics 2025年第1期13卷 281-301页

作者： Shawn p. Guillory Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette USA

The simulated unified resultant amp.itude theory studies function and p.lar grap.s of sinusoidal radial waves including the cosine, sine, and summation waves for determining sep.rate combination-wave equations arising from 2D sp.tial oscillator fields in each of the four quadrants corresp.nding to the x-y Cartesian reference frame. Combination-wave fluctuations in terms of their algebraic signs are then extrap.lated and mathematically modeled relative to the quadrant number by way of Euler’s equation. The resulting sign fluctuation equations are used to synthesize the combination-wave equations into a single unified equation along with a unified wave rotation solution that adequately rep.esents all four quadrant-sp.cific wave equations. Generalization and extensions of the theory follow with multi-dimensional/multi-variable considerations. Subsequently, utilization of the theory regarding an ap.lied mathematics and p.ysics-based kinematics motion p.oblem, a generalized differential equation solution for a sp.ing system, as well as a four-dimensional/four-variable dual-cone examp.e are p.ovided for validating the methodology. Consequently, it is shown that the p.op.sed unified model is useful for p.rforming a comp.ct resultant amp.itude analysis within general ap.lications involving various wave p.enomena.

关键词： Waves Resultant Amp.itude Euler’s Equation Unified Theory Sp.ctral Analysis Kinematics

Robust Detection and Analysis of Smart Contract Vulnerabilities with Large Language Model Agents

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Journal of Information Security 2025年第1期16卷 197-226页

作者： Nishank p. Kup.a Vijay K. Madisetti College of Comp.ting Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA School of Cybersecurity and p.ivacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain continue to revolutionize decentralized ap.lications (dAp.s) by allowing for self-executing agreements. However, bad actors have continuously found ways to exp.oit smart contracts for p.rsonal financial gain, which undermines the integrity of the Ethereum blockchain. This p.p.r p.op.ses a comp.ter p.ogram called SADA (Static and Dynamic Analyzer), a novel ap.roach to smart contract vulnerability detection using multip.e Large Language Model (LLM) agents to analyze and flag susp.cious Solidity code for Ethereum smart contracts. SADA not only imp.oves up.n existing vulnerability detection methods but also p.ves the way for more secure smart contract develop.ent p.actices in the rap.dly evolving blockchain ecosystem.

关键词： Blockchain Ethereum Smart Contracts Security Decentralized Ap.lications Web3 Cryp.ocurrency Large Language Models

The imp.ct of endocrine-disrup.ing chemicals on stem cells:Mechanisms and imp.ications for human health

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 294-309页

作者： Juan p.Munoz Laboratorio de Bioquímica Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de TarapacáArica 1000007Chile

Endocrine-disrup.ing chemicals(EDCs)are comp.unds,either natural or man-made,that interferewith the normal functioning of the endocrine *** is increasing evidence that exp.sure to EDCs can have p.ofound adverse effects on rep.oduction,metabolic disorders,neurological alterations,and increased risk of hormone-dep.ndent *** cells(SCs)are integral to these p.thological p.ocesses,and it is therefore crucial to understand how EDCs may influence SC *** review examines the literature on different typ.s of EDCs and their effects on various typ.s of SCs,including embryonic,adult,and cancer *** mechanisms through which EDCs may influence the p.enotyp. of SCs are also ***,the p.ssible imp.ications of these effects on human health are *** available literature demonstrates that EDCs can influence the biology of SCs in a variety of ways,including by altering hormonal p.thways,DNA damage,ep.genetic changes,reactive oxygen sp.cies p.oduction and alterations in the gene exp.ession *** disrup.ions may lead to a variety of cell fates and diseases later in adulthood including increased risk of endocrine disorders,obesity,infertility,rep.oductive abnormalities,and ***,the review emp.asizes the imp.rtance of raising broader awareness regarding the intricate imp.ct of EDCs on human health.

关键词： Endocrine-disrup.ing chemicals Stem cells Cancer stem cells Ep.genetic Hormones

Mannan-decorated STING-activating vaccine carrier for sp.tial coordinative stimulating antigen-sp.cific immune resp.nses

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 183-191页

作者： Liu, Lip.ng Zhao, Jiayu Huang, Zichao Xu, Yudi Chen, Hongyu Qiao, Ruirui Song, Wantong Tang, Zhaohui Davis, Thomas p. Chen, Xuesi Key Laboratory of p.lymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Jilin Biomedical p.lymers Engineering Laboratory Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland

In recent years, the use of nanotechnologies to imp.ove immunotherap. efficiency has attracted increasing interest in p.eventive and therap.utic cancer vaccine design. However, current nanocarriers are restricted by difficulties in the systematic sp.tial coordinative transp.rt of antigens, which greatly hamp.rs the immune resp.nse efficacy of nanovaccines. Herein, we designed a mannan-decorated stimulator of the interferon genes (STING)-activating vaccine carrier for sp.tial coordinative stimulation of antigen-sp.cific immune resp.nses and elicitation of robust antitumor immunity. Mannan-decoration as the shell could significantly enhance the lymp. node draining ability of the nanovaccines, esp.cially in CD8p.+p. dendritic cells (DCs). Azole molecule end-cap.ed p.lylactic acid-p.lyethylenimine (p.A-p.I-4BImi) with innate stimulating activity was ap.lied as the inner core for coordinating antigen-p.esenting cell activation and antigen cross-p.esentation. In the in vivo therap. study, single usage of this nanovaccine could achieve a 93% tumor sup.ression rate in the B16-OVA tumor model, which is sup.rior to the commercialized aluminum adjuvant. This study demonstrates that a rational design of vaccine carriers for solving sp.tial transmission issues could greatly imp.ove cancer vaccine efficiencies. © 2023

关键词： Biop.lymer Cancer immunotherap. Cancer vaccine Drug delivery Nanotechnology

Sediment Quality Assessment on Bartlett p.nd in Laredo, Southern Texas, USA

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Op.n Journal of Soil Science 2025年第1期15卷 43-69页

作者： Maya p. Bhatt Ganesh B. Malla Amede Rubio Alfred Addo-Mensah Dep.rtment of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University University Boulevard Laredo Texas USA Dep.rtjment of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Clermont Drive Batavia OH USA

This study evaluates the dynamics of trace metals imp.cts on the ecosystems of the Bartlett p.nd, a small shallow wetland p.nd located in Laredo, Texas by analyzing sediment samp.es taken from four quadrants of the p.nd. The concentrations of trace elements in sediment samp.es are highest for iron (Fe), followed by chromium (Cr), then lead (p.), with lower concentration of antimony (Sb), cobalt (Co), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and the lowest concentration being thallium (Tl) within Bartlett p.nd. The sediment quality of the p.nd is accep.able for organisms and the environment as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Cr, and p.) are within the p.obable effect concentration (p.C) of National Ocean and Atmosp.eric Administration (NOAA) guidelines although the p.C values for Co, Fe, Sb and Tl are not given. Bivariate and multivariate correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhibit a strong p.sitive correlation among them indicating the same anthrop.genic sources and biogeochemical p.ocesses control these trace elements concentrations within the p.nd. We p.ovided a comp.ehensive snap.hot of trace element concentrations in sediments through descrip.ive analysis, laying the foundation for future environmental risk assessments. Correlation analysis of eight trace elements help.d identify relationship., offering insights into p.llution sources and p.tential health imp.cts. Additionally, univariate and multivariate p.edictive analyses generated numerous models, extending beyond the interp.etation of p.rtial and full regression coefficients. We also included grap.ical analyses of trace element variations, which are critical for understanding environmental p.ocesses and geochemical p.tterns. These findings advance our understanding about trace metals dynamics in sediments and may be a valuable reference for ecosystems and environmental management of different landscap.s.

关键词： Trace Elements Sediment Wetlands Bartlett p.nd Ecosystem Ecology

Coal washing scenario in India and future p.osp.cts

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 191-197页

作者： R. venugopal J. p. p.tel C. Bhar Dep.. of Fuel and Mineral Engineering Indian School ofMines Dhanbad Jharkhand 826004 India Washery Division Bharat Coking Coal Limited SaraidhelaDhanbad Jharkhand 828127 India Dep.. of Management Studies Indian School of MinesDhanbad Jharkhand 826004 India

Coal Washing Exp.oration in India dates back to 1900s; though, first coking coal washeries in India were installed after indep.ndence. At p.esent, most of the coking coal washeries are owned by p.blic Sector Comp.nies; whereas, most of the non-coking coal washeries are owned by p.ivate Sector. Even after six decades of coal washing p.actices, there has not been significant develop.ent in the coal washing intelligentsia. Indian Coal Washing industry is still dep.ndent on imp.rted equip.ent, which has been designed to treat coal that is significantly different from Indian coal of drift origin. In this p.p.r, authors have ventured into evolution of Indian Coal Washing Industry （with a focus on coking coal washing sector）, its p.esent condition and future p.osp.ct for growth. The p.p.r emp.asizes need for develop.ng indigenous solutions to industrial challenges and highlights imp.rtance of increased coordination among academia-research institutions and coal industry.

关键词： Coking coal washing Indian coal industry History of coal washing Future p.osp.cts

Synergistic effects of constituents in rare earth-based comp.sites:Enhanced structural,electrical and magnetic p.op.rties for water sp.itting ap.lications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 105-114,I0005页

作者： Chitralekha S.Shankar A.p.Singh Functional Materials Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsARSD CollegeUniversity of Delhi1021India Dep.rtment of p.ysics Multanimal Modi CollegeCh.Charan Singh UniversityMeerutU.PIndia

Rare earth-based Bi_(0.85)La_(0.15)FeO_(3)(BLFO)and NdMnO_(3)(NMO)p.rticles were synthesised using the solidstate route,and their roles affecting structural,electrical,magnetic p.op.rties along with hydroelectric ap.lication in different concentrations i.e.,(1-x)BLFO:xNMO(where x=0,0.10,0.20,0.30 and 1.0)ceramics comp.sites were investigated.X-ray diffraction analyses confirm the p.re-p.ase formation of BLFO:NMO comp.sites,featuring micrometer-scale crystallite *** transform infrared(FT-IR)sp.ctra of BLFO:NMO comp.sites reveal p.ak shifts with rising NMO content,indicating comp.site *** comp.sites exhibit robust Maxwell-Wagner p.larization and a p.onounced comp.sition-dep.ndent *** addition of NMO to BLFO results in a rise in dielectric p.rmittivity at lower frequencies,confirming relaxor behavior and indicating success in achieving the transition *** sp.ctroscop. facilitates a clearer understanding of how charge carriers contribute to these comp.sites and the imp.ct of grain/grain *** saturation magnetization maximum value(i.e.,0.807 emu/g)was attained in *** coercivity decreases with the addition of NMO in *** results suggest the comp.site's enhanced suitability for microelectronics and hydrop.wer cells,showing imp.oved hydroelectric cell p.rformance with increased NMO in BLFO,highlighting a notable ion diffusion mechanism.

关键词： Comp.sites X-ray diffraction Relative p.rmittivity Hydroelectric cell Rare earths