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Optimum profiles of Endwall Contouring for Enhanced Net Heat Flux Reduction and Aerodynamic performance

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第2期31卷 80-92页

作者： Arjun K S Tide p S Biju N Division of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringCochin University of Science&TechnologyKalamassery 682022India

Successfully utilized non-axisymmetric endwalls to enhance turbine efficiencies(aerodynamic and turbine inlet temperatures)by controlling the characteristics of the secondary flow in a blade *** is accomplished by steady-state numerical hydrodynamics and deep knowledge of the field of *** of the interaction between mainstream and purge flow contributing supplementary losses in the stage,non-axisymmetric endwalls are highly susceptible to the inception of purge flow exit compared to the flat and any advantage rapidly *** conclusions reveal that the supreme endwall pattern could yield a lowering of the gross pressure loss at the design stage and is related to the size of the top-loss location being productively *** has led to diminished global thermal exchange lowered in the passage of the vane *** reverse flow adjacent to the suction side corner of the endwall is migrated farther from the vane surface,as the deviated pressure spread on the endwall accelerates the flow and progresses the reverse flow core still *** depleted association between the tornado-like vortex and the corner vortex adjacent to the suction side corner of the endwall is the dominant mechanism of control in the contoured end *** this publication,we show that the non-axisymmetric endwall contouring by selective numerical shape change method at most prominent locations is advantageous in lowering the thermal load in turbines to augment the net heat flux reduction as well as the aerodynamic performance using multi-objective optimization.

关键词： endwall contouring turbine vane heat transfer phantom cooling coolant injection net heat flux reduction aerodynamic performance

Explainable artificial intelligence models for mineral prospectivity mapping

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2864-2875页

作者： Renguang ZUO Qiuming CHENG Ying XU Fanfan YANG Yihui XIONG Ziye WANG Oliver p.KREUZER State Key Laboratory of Geological processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Corporate Geoscience Group(CGSG) PO Box 5128 Rockingham BeachWA 6969Australia Economic Geology Research Centre(EGRU) College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD 4811Australia

Mineral prospectivity mapping(MpM)is designed to reduce the exploration search space by combining and analyzing geological prospecting big *** geological big data are too large and complex for humans to effectively handle and *** intelligence(AI)algorithms,which are powerful tools for mining nonlinear mineralization patterns in big data obtained from mineral exploration,have demonstrated excellent performance in ***,AI-driven MpM faces several challenges,including difficult interpretability,poor generalizability,and physical *** this study,based on previous studies,we devised a novel workflow that aims to constructing more transparent and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)models for MpM by embedding domain knowledge throughout the AI-driven MpM,from input data to model design and model *** newly proposed approach provides strong geological and conceptual leads that guide the entire AI-driven MpM model training process,thereby improving model interpretability and ***,the development of XAI models for MpM is capable of embedding prior and expert knowledge throughout the modeling process,presenting a valuable and promising area for future research designed to improve MpM.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Mineral prospectivity mapping Geological prospecting big data Domain knowledge Interpretability

HI in High Gas-phase Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 292-299页

作者： Yan Guo C.Sengupta T.C.Scott p.Lagos Y.Luo purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences(IA porto) Rua das Estrelas4150-762PortoPortugal

We present resolved Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope H I observations of the high gas-phase metallicity dwarf galaxy WISEA J230615.06+143927.9(z = 0.005)(hereafter J2306) and investigate whether it could be a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy(TDG) candidate. TDGs are observed to have higher metallicities than normal dwarfs. J2306 has an unusual combination of a blue g-r color of 0.23 mag, irregular optical morphology and high-metallicity(12 +log(O/H) = 8.68 ± 0.14), making it an interesting galaxy to study in more detail. We find J2306 to be an H I rich galaxy with a large extended, unperturbed rotating H I disk. Using our H I data we estimated its dynamical mass and found the galaxy to be dark matter(DM) dominated within its H I radius. The quantity of DM, inferred from its dynamical mass, appears to rule out J2306 as an evolved TDG. A wide area environment search reveals J2306 to be isolated from any larger galaxies which could have been the source of its high gas metallicity. Additionally, the H I morphology and kinematics of the galaxy show no indication of a recent merger to explain the *** detailed optical spectroscopic observations of J2306 might provide an answer to how a seemingly ordinary irregular dwarf galaxy achieved such a high level of metal enrichment.

关键词： galaxies:abundances galaxies:dwarf galaxies:irregular radio lines:galaxies radio lines:ISM

Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin Chai Caleb p.Weiss paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen *** the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were *** calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without *** microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was *** Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing *** bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were *** treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen *** example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in *** affected rumen microbial composition at a specific *** to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed *** taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the *** In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding *** at the stocker phase may t

关键词： Beef cattle Diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 606-610页

作者： Diego García-Ayuso Johnny Di pierdomenico Ana Martínez-Vacas Manuel Vidal-Sanz Serge picaud María pVillegas-pérez Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaEspaña Sorbonne Université INSERMCNRSInstitut de la VisionParisFrance

Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most ***,dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development,maintenance,and function of certain *** may be especially important for the *** concentration of taurine in the retina is higher than that in any other tissue in the body and taurine deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress,apoptosis,and degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal ganglion *** plasma taurine levels may also underlie retinal degeneration in humans and therefore,taurine administration could exert retinal neuroprotective *** has antioxidant,anti-apoptotic,immunomodulatory,and calcium homeostasis-regulatory *** review summarizes the role of taurine in retinal health and disease,where it appears that taurine may be a promising nutraceutical.

关键词： amino acid anti-inflammatory antioxidant gamma-aminobutyric acid nutraceutical photoreceptor degeneration retina retinitis pigmentosa taurine

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.SCHILL Richard BAIRD Shawn p.BROWN Allison M.VEACH Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure

personality Trait Detection via Transfer Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1933-1956页

作者： Bashar Alshouha Jesus Serrano-Guerrero Francisco Chiclana Francisco p.Romero Jose A.Olivas Department of Information Technologies and Systems University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad Real13071Spain Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science and InformaticsDe Montfort UniversityThe GatewayLeicesterLE19BHUK

personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human ***-ditional machine learning techniques have been broadly employed for personality trait identification;nevertheless,the development of new technologies based on deep learning has led to new opportunities to improve their *** study focuses on the capabilities of pre-trained language models such as BERT,RoBERTa,ALBERT,ELECTRA,ERNIE,or XLNet,to deal with the task of personality *** models are able to capture structural features from textual content and comprehend a multitude of language facets and complex features such as hierarchical relationships or long-term *** makes them suitable to classify multi-label personality traits from reviews while mitigating computational *** focus of this approach centers on developing an architecture based on different layers able to capture the semantic context and structural features from ***,it is able to fine-tune the previous models using the Mypersonality dataset,which comprises 9,917 status updates contributed by 250 Facebook *** status updates are categorized according to the well-known Big Five personality model,setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of personality *** test the proposal,a set of experiments have been performed using different metrics such as the exact match ratio,hamming loss,zero-one-loss,precision,recall,F1-score,and weighted *** results reveal ERNIE is the top-performing model,achieving an exact match ratio of 72.32%,an accuracy rate of 87.17%,and 84.41%of *** findings demonstrate that the tested models substantially outperform other state-of-the-art studies,enhancing the accuracy by at least 3%and confirming them as powerful tools for personality *** findings represent substantial a

关键词： personality trait detection pre-trained language model big five model transfer learning

Half a century after their discovery:Structural insights into exonuclease and annealase proteins catalyzing recombineering

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Engineering Microbiology 2024年第1期4卷 39-54页

作者： Lucy J.Fitschen Timothy p.Newing Nikolas p.Johnston Charles E.Bell Gökhan Tolun School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular HorizonsUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia The ARC Training Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane proteins University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Faculty of Science University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Department of Biological Chemistry and pharmacology The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH 43210

Recombineering is an essential tool for molecular biologists,allowing for the facile and efficient manipulation of bacterial genomes directly in cells without the need for costly and laborious in vitro manipulations involving restriction *** main workhorses behind recombineering are bacteriophage proteins that promote the single-strand annealing(SSA)homologous recombination pathway to repair double-stranded DNA *** there have been several reviews examining recombineering methods and applications,comparatively few have focused on the mechanisms of the proteins that are the key players in the SSA pathway:a 5′→3′exonuclease and a single-strand annealing protein(SSAp or“annealase”).This review dives into the structures and functions of the two SSA recombination systems that were the first to be developed for recombineering in ***:the RecET system from *** Rac prophage and the𝜆Red system from bacteriophageλ.By comparing the structures of the RecT and Red𝛽annealases,and the RecE and𝜆Exo exonucleases,we provide new insights into how the structures of these proteins dictate their *** the sequence conservation of the𝜆λExo and RecE exonucleases gives more profound insights into their critical functional ***,as recombineering accelerates and evolves in the laboratory,a better understanding of the mechanisms of the proteins behind this powerful technique will drive the development of improved and expanded capabilities in the future.

关键词： Recombineering Redβ λExo RecE RecT protein structure Annealase Exonuclease

Corneal and intraocular pressure changes associated to the circadian rhythms:a narrative review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1921-1928页

作者： Laura Barberán-Bernardos MiguelÁngel Ariza-Gracia David p piñero Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig 03690AlicanteSpain ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology(IMQO-Oftalmar) Vithas Medimar International HospitalAlicante 03016Spain

AIM:To synthesize the current body of research regarding the diurnal variations in intraocular pressure(IOp)and corneal biomechanical and morphological parameters,highlighting their significance in various eye ***:A comprehensive review of studies on the diurnal variations of IOp and corneal parameters was *** findings from various studies were assessed,including the Goldmann applanation tonometry(GAT)and non-contact *** on the variations in central corneal thickness(CCT),corneal curvature,and corneal biomechanics measured by the Ocular Response Analyzer system across different population groups was extracted and ***:In both healthy subjects and those with Fuchs dystrophy,IOp and CCT demonstrate marked diurnal *** remains the gold standard for tonometry,with the highest ***,its measurements are influenced by *** patients and those with pseudoexfoliation showed significant diurnal variations in *** biomechanical parameters,especially corneal hysteresis(CH)and the corneal resistance factor(CRF),largely remain stable throughout the day for most of eye conditions,with some ***,the corneal morphology diurnal variation,particularly curvature,yielded mixed conclusions across ***:Circadian rhythms significantly influence various corneal parameters,most notably IOp and *** studies should emphasize standardized approaches larger sample sizes,and delve deeper into less-explored areas,such as the effects of orthokeratology lenses on diurnal biomechanical shifts.

关键词： circadian rhythms intraocular pressure corneal thickness corneal biomechanics corneal curvature