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Enzymes of Trichoderma and other origin in biopreparation of cotton

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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2004年第4期30卷 437-437页

作者： Anita Losonczi George Szakacs Emilia Csiszar outi Kareela Department of Plastics and Rubber Technology Technical University of Budapest 1111 Budapest Muegyetem rkpt 2/4 HungaryDepartment of Agricultural Chemical Technology Technical University of Budapest 1111 Budapest Muegyetem rkpt 2/4 Hungary Department of Plastics and Rubber Technology Technical University of Budapest 1111 Budapest Muegyetem rkpt 2/4 HungaryTampere University of Technology FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

Preparation and bleaching are among the most energy and chemical intensive steps of the traditional cotton finishing. About 75% of the organic pollutants arising from textile finishing are derived from the preparation of cotton goods. Biopreparation may be a valuable and environmentally friendly alternative to harsh alkaline chemicals for preparing of cotton. Different enzymes i.e. cellulases, pectinases, lipases and proteases have been tested for biopreparation. Many papers have been published how enzymes effect on the properties of cotton fabrics in respect to their effectiveness to replace alkaline scouring and how enzymes modify the various cell wall components of cotton fibers. However, very few data have been reported on bleachability and dyeing behavior of the bioscoured fabrics. In this work an acidic cellulase (Celluclast 1.5 L, Trichoderma reesei origin), an acidic pectinase-hemicellulase (Viscozyme 120 L , Aspergillus aculeatus) and a cellulase-free xylanase (Pulpzyme HC, Bacillus sp.) enzymes were used for bioscouring of greige cotton fabric. Selected properties of the pretreated samples, which are important for effective dyeing, are characterized in detail. Effect of hydrogen peroxide bleaching, applied subsequent to the biopretreatment on the bleachability and dyeing properties of the samples is also elucidated. A reactive dye was used at four different concentrations to compare the dyeing behavior of biopretreated as well as biopretreated and subsequently bleached cotton fabrics with that of the alkaline scoured as well as alkaline scoured and bleached fabrics, respectively. Color evenness and uniformity, and wash fastness properties of the dyed samples are also determined [1]..

关键词：生物制剂棉花木霉属真菌纤维素酶

Efficient visible-light-driven water oxidation by single-crystal Ta_(3)N_(5)nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4562-4567页

作者： Zheng Wang Jeongsuk Seo Takashi Hisatomi Mamiko Nakabayashi Jiadong Xiao Shanshan Chen Lihua Lin Zhenhua Pan Mary krause Nick Yin Gordon Smith Naoya Shibata Tsuyoshi Takata Kazunari Domen Research Initiative for Supra-Materials Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University4-17-1 WakasatoNagano-shiNagano 380-8553Japan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Global Advanced Metals Inc. 1223 County Line RoadBoyertownPA 19512USA Office of University Professors The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple *** Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide precursors typically comprise aggregated polycrystalline particles with defects and grain boundaries that reduce the water oxidation activity of the *** the present work,well-dispersed Ta3N5 nanoparticulate single crystals were synthesized via a mild nitridation process using pure Ta metal nanopowder or Ta nanopowder mixed with *** resulting high-quality Ta3N5 nanoparticles,after loading with an oxygen evolution cocatalyst,exhibited impressively high photocatalytic performance during O_(2)evolution from a sacrificial AgNO3 solution,with an apparent quantum yield of 9.4%at 420 *** findings suggest a new approach to the facile fabrication of nanostructured single-crystal photocatalysts for efficient solar water splitting,based on the use of metal nanopowders.

关键词： Ta3N5 photocatalyst nanoparticle single crystal O_(2)evolution metallic Ta precursor

Silica Nanoparticles with Virus-Mimetic Spikes Enable Efficient siRNA Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo

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Research 2023年第3期2022卷 281-294页

作者： Jianye Fu Wenwei Han Xue Zhang Yutong Sun Rajendra Bhadane Bo Wei Li Li Liangmin Yu Jinbo Yang Jessica MRosenholm outi MHSalo-Ahen Taojian Fan Bin Zhang Wageh Swelm Ahmed AAl-Ghamdi Lin Xia Han Zhang Meng Qiu Hongbo Zhang Xin Wang Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of EducationSchool of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science&Technology International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266100China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao 266555China. Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Åbo Akademi University20520 TurkuFinland Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory BiochemistryÅbo Akademi University20520 TurkuFinland. Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening&Evaluation Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao Qingdao 266100China Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Hangzhou No.14 High School Hangzhou 310000China Turku Bioscience Centre University of Turku andÅbo Akademi University20520 TurkuFinland

Oligonucleotide-based therapy has experienced remarkable development in the past 2 decades,but its broad applications are severely hampered by delivery *** used viral vectors and lipid nanovectors are suffering from immune clearance after repeating usage or requiring refrigerated transportation and storage,*** this work,amino-modified virus-mimetic spike silica nanoparticles(NH_(2)-SSNs)were fabricated using a 1-pot surfactant-free approach with controlled spike lengths,which were demonstrated with excellent delivery performance and biosafety in nearly all cell types and *** indicated that NH2-SSNs entered cells by spike-dependent cell membrane docking and dynamin-dependent *** positively charged spikes with proper length on the surface can facilitate the efficient encapsulation of RNAs,protect the loaded RNAs from degradation,and trigger an early endosome escape during intracellular trafficking,similarly to the cellular internalization mechanism of *** the fantastic properties of NH_(2)-SSNs in nucleic acid delivery,it revealed that nanoparticles with solid spikes on the surface would be excellent vehicles for gene therapy,presenting self-evident advantages in storage,transportation,modification,and quality control in large-scale production compared to lipid nanovectors.

关键词： surfactant loaded transportation

Profit-Maximizing Strategies for an Artificial Payment Card Market. Is Learning Possible?

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2011年第2期3卷 70-81页

作者： Biliana Alexandrova-Kabadjova Edward Tsang Andreas krause 不详

In this paper, we study the dynamics of competition in the payment card market. This is done through a multi-agent based model, which captures explicitly the commercial transactions at the point of sale between consumers and mer-chants. Through simulation, we attempt to model the demand for payment instruments on both sides of the market. Constrained by this complex demand, a Generalised Population Based Incremental Learning (GPBIL) algorithm is applied to find a profit-maximizing strategy, which in addition has to achieve an average number of card transactions. In the present study we compare the performance of a profit-maximizing strategies obtained by the GPBIL algorithm versus the performance of randomly selected strategies. We found that under the search criteria used, GPBIL was capable of improving the price structure and price level over randomly selected strategies.

关键词： Competition in Payment Card markets Multi-Agent Modeling Evolutionary Computation

Horizontal Fire Spread in a Contemporary Apartment Based on a Real Fire

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2019年第4期9卷 367-385页

作者： Stefanie Schubert-Polzin Alexander Saupe Ulrich krause Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal Department of Water Environment Construction and Safety BreitscheidstraBe 2 Magdeburg Germany Institute of Apparatus and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Process and Systems Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Universitätsplatz 2 Magdeburg Germany

The apartment fire tests comprise a set of two full-scale fire experiments in a dwelling building made from pre-fabricated concrete elements in April 2013. Two apartments were nearly identically furnished and fully instrumented with thermocouples, video cameras and gas extraction probes. The apartments were ignited successively whereupon the fire in the second apartment developed freely to post-flashover conditions and got the main focus in this report. The apartment was completely furnished with contemporary furniture and objects, and had an average fire load density for residential occupancy. A full description of the fire load, ventilation conditions and instrumentation are provided. The focus of this report is primarily to obtain conclusions on the horizontal spread of smoke throughout the apartment during the fire growth period. Velocities of smoke spreading were measured to be in the range below 0.05 m/s which means that the smoke migrated over the longest distance throughout the apartment for about 3 to 4 minutes while the flame did not leave the initial fire room. The main aim of the experiments was to collect a comprehensive set of data from a realistic and contemporary fire scenario to validate numerical simulations.

关键词： Apartment Fire Horizontal Fire Spread Smoke Spreading Full-Scale Fire Test

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彩色照片的性能和稳定性

浙江档案 1991年第9期 45-47页

作者： P·krause 聂曼影

本文谈彩色相片及其稳定性,将涉及如下话题:主要的照相制版术、结构、影响稳定性的因素、降解的现象和原因、寿命测定和预期寿命以及保管和修复。为讨论这个问题,我从过去150年里倡议的几百种方法中挑选了6种照相制版术和代表性产品。... 详细信息

本文谈彩色相片及其稳定性,将涉及如下话题:主要的照相制版术、结构、影响稳定性的因素、降解的现象和原因、寿命测定和预期寿命以及保管和修复。为讨论这个问题,我从过去150年里倡议的几百种方法中挑选了6种照相制版术和代表性产品。因为这6种已取得商业上的极天成功。因此,它们多半会出现在新旧彩色相片的收藏品中,不过,我的重点将放在量色型(chromogenic)材料上。例如柯达克罗姆(hodachrome)彩色反转片、柯达彩色负片(kodacolor),爱克塔克罗姆(Ektachrome)彩色胶片和爱克塔彩色相纸(Ektacolor),因为在过去的50年里,特

关键词：彩色相片柯达支持体染料密度上色密度克罗姆光稳性彩色反转片彩色片相纸感光材料粘合材料粘接材料影像层色型摄影方法透明正片照相制版术滤光镜

HⅠVertical Structure of Nearby Edge-on Galaxies from CHANG-ES

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第8期22卷 49-62页

作者： Yun Zheng Jing Wang Judith Irwin QDaniel Wang Jiangtao Li Jayanne English Qingchuan Ma Ran Wang Ke Wang Marita krause Toky H.Randriamampandry Rainer Beck Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Engineering Physics&AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonONK7L 3N6Canada Astronomy Department University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Astronomy University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109-1107USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel D-6953121 BonnGermany

We study the vertical distribution of the highly inclined galaxies from the Continuum Halos in Nearby Galaxies—an EVLA Survey(CHANG-ES).We explore the feasibility of photometrically deriving the HⅠdisk scale heights from the moment-0 images of the relatively edge-on galaxies with inclination>80°,by quantifying the systematic broadening effects and thus deriving correction equations for direct *** corrected HⅠdisk scale heights of the relatively edge-on galaxies from the CHANG-ES sample show trends consistent with the quasiequilibrium model of the vertical structure of gas *** procedure provides a convenient way to derive the scale heights and can easily be applied to statistical samples in the future.

关键词： galaxies:ISM galaxies:spiral galaxies:structure

IAV Advanced Thermal Management ＆ Phase Change Cooling（PCC）

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IAV Advanced Thermal Management ＆ Phase Change Cooling（PCC...

MapMan4: A Refined Protein Classification and Annotation Framework Applicable to Multi-Omics Data Analysis

2020中国汽车工程学会年会暨展览会

作者： Arnold Thomas krause Matthias IAV GmbH

With the entry into force of Regulation（EU） 2017/1151,compliance with the limit values for pollutants（CO,HC,NOx） as defined in（EC） 715/2007（EURO6） will become effective on 01.01.2021 for all newly registered passenger cars and light commercial vehicles within the EU binding in the RDE *** valid test drives,the new RDE test procedure only specifies route requirements and ambient temperatures in a relatively wide window in order to cope with the multitude of possible conditions of use in real driving *** means that combustion engines must comply with the emission limit values in all conceivable operating *** gasoline ICE’s use fuel enrichment at high loads to protect the turbocharger and catalytic converter from too high exhaust gas *** evaporation of the additionally injected fuel reduces the exhaust gas temperature but also increases fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions like HC and *** several different technologies as for example integrated exhaust manifolds,water injection,phase change cooled manifolds or high load miller combustion are under investigation to meet the new *** powertrains with high specific engine power are facing limitations in heat rejection of the cooling system what limits the installable cooling power of integrated water-cooled *** injection of water instead of additional fuel is also a promising technology to reduce exhaust gas temperatures without increasing heat rejection demand or increased *** water injection systems require a frequent refilling of water and measures to prevent freezing,fouling or *** a high load miller based combustion process usually leads to an increased charge air cooling demand and adapted compressors to meet the increased charge air pressure that can affect the low-end torque performance or the maximum engine power *** this reason,IAV has developed a new phase change cooled exhaust manifold s

关键词： phase change cooling thermal management lambda 1 real driving emissions

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Molecular Plant 2019年第6期12卷 879-892页

作者： Rainer Schwacke Gabriel Y.Ponce-Soto Kirsten krause Anthony M.Bolger Borjana Arsova Asis Hallab Kristina Gruden Mark Stitt Marie E.Bolger Bjorn Usadel Institute for Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-2: Plant Sciences) Forschungszentrum Julich Wilhelm Johnen StraBe Jiilich Germany Department of Arctic and Marine Biology The Arctic University of Norway Biology Building 9037 Tromso Norway Institute for Botany and Molecular Genetics BioEconomy Science Center Worringer Weg RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany National Institute of Biology Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology Vedna Pot 111 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Department of Systems Regulation 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Genome sequences from over 200 plant species have already been published, with this number expected to increase rapidly due to advances in sequencing technologies. Once a new genome has been assembled and the genes identified, the functional annotation of their putative translational products, proteins, using ontologies is of key importance as it places the sequencing data in a biological context. Furthermore, to keep pace with rapid production of genome sequences, this functional annotation process must be fully automated. Here we present a redesigned and significantly enhanced MapMan4 framework, together with a revised version of the associated online Mercator annotation tool. Compared with the original MapMan, the new ontology has been expanded almost threefold and enforces stricter assignment rules. This framework was then incorporated into Mercator4, which has been upgraded to reflect current knowledge across the land plant group, providing protein annotations for all embryophytes with a comparably high quality. The annotation process has been optimized to allow a plant genome to be annotated in a matter of minutes. The output results continue to be compatible with the established MapMan desktop application.

关键词： Plant genomes Functional annotation MapMan Mercator Transcriptomes