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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 183-194页

作者： Zinsou François-Xavier Akonde ousmane zakari moussa Sanoussi Atta Idriss Hamidou Leyo Iro Dan Guimbo Agricultural Zoology Laboratory AGRHYMET Regional Center Niamey Niger Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

Leafhoppers (jassids) are well-known pests of vegetable crops in Niger. They are often part of a parasitic complex that causes varying degrees of damage. Over the last two crop years, the Niamey region has seen a heavy outbreak of leaf hoppers on okra and guinea sorrel. These insects alone have caused spectacular damage, resulting in losses ranging from 50% to 100% of unharvested plants. Following this observation, infested fields were surveyed, specimens sampled, and the responsible species identified. Two sites were surveyed in the city of Niamey. At each site, two plots of okra and two of guinea sorrel were visited. Fifty (50) plants were randomly sampled using the double “W” method per plot. The sampled plants were used for active and passive leaf hopper capture, damage description and loss assessment. Captured leaf hoppers were identified based on their morphology observed with a binocular magnifying glass and compared with the data in the identification keys. The symptoms observed in the plots were yellowing, leaf curling and drying, stunting, abortion of flowers and immature fruit and very low production. Identification results revealed the single species Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913), which can be considered a new invasive species in Niger. Further confirmation of this identification by molecular tests, the distribution of the pest in Niger and the development of appropriate control methods would yield good prospects.

关键词： Amrasca biguttula Guinea Sorrel Niger Okra Survey

Cotton Leafhoppers, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae),Identified as a New Species on Okra and Guinea Sorrel in Niger

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Inventory of Host Plants and Parasitoids of the Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), in the Southern Agricultural Zone of Niger

Advances in Entomology（昆虫学） 2024年第3期 183页

作者： Zinsou François-Xavier Akonde ousmane zakari moussa Sanoussi Atta Idriss Hamidou Leyo Iro Dan Guimbo

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第1期12卷 16-27页

作者： ousmane zakari moussa Souleymane Laminou Hamissou Zangui Laouali Amadou Ibrahim Baoua Boukari Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental Sciences Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Laboratoire d’Entomologie II de Maradi Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger Maradi Niger

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is a polyphagous pest reported in sub-Saharan Africa since 2016 and has expanded rapidly in almost Africa. In Niger, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) is considered like a major pest of maize, to which it causes significant damage, in a context where proven control methods against this moth remain almost non-existent. The objective of the present study was to determine the economic importance of FAW through the damage caused to the different host plants and to identify the parasitoids of this caterpillar. The study was conducted in the southern agricultural zone of Niger, specifically in the regions of Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua and Zinder. FAW eggs and caterpillars were collected from six villages in each region and then incubated and reared in the entomology laboratory of INRAN in Maradi. The rate of infestation of the different crops by FAW was determined as well as the observation of the beneficiaries. The results obtained indicate the presence of FAW on millet with an attack rate varying from 45.7% to 68%, sorghum with 47.2% to 62.25% and sesame with 9.7%. This work also revealed an oophagous parasitoid, Telenomus remus with 138 ± 23 and larval parasitoids, Cotesia sp with 16 ± 1 maximum number of individuals emerged from the collected material. Also, it was identified the parasitoid Cotesia icipe with a rate of parasitism from 4.6% to 5.75%;the Charops ater whose rate of parasitism varies from 4.5% and 12.25% but for Chelonus insularis with 17.25% and Tachnidae with 53%. These very interesting results will constitute a basis for the development of biological control and a component of an agroecological management strategy of caterpillar.

关键词： Inventory Host Plants Spodoptera frugiperda Parasitoids Niger

Assessment of Groundwater Physico-Chemical Quality in the Ouémé Delta (Southern-Benin)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 298-317页

作者： Aoulatou Alassane zakari Dadja Toyou Masamaéya Gnazou Abdoukarim Alassane Kodjo Apelete Raoul Kpegli ousmane Touré Boukari Bio Guidah Chabi Bénito Didier Koukpohounsi Daouda Mama Laboratory of Applied Hydrology National Water Institute University of Abomey-Calavi Benin (LHA/INE/UAC) Cotonou B&eacutenin International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA—UNESCO Chair) Cotonou B&eacutenin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment Faculty of Sciences University of Lom&eacute Togo (LHAE/FDS/UL) Lom&eacute Togo

Groundwater resources are the main sources of water used to supply drinking water to the population of the Ouémé Delta via the Continental Terminal aquifer. Urbanization, population growth, and agricultural and industrial activities have resulted in a deterioration in the quality of these resources. To assess the quality of the delta’s groundwater and its suitability for human consumption and irrigation, a total of fourteen (14) physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in some forty existing water points between September 2020 and March 2021, using standard water analysis techniques. The values obtained were compared with the potability standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Republic of Benin and were subjected to statistical analysis (principal component analysis (PCA)). In addition, methods for determining the suitability of water for irrigation were used. The results showed that the waters are acidic to slightly neutral and influenced by ambient temperature. In addition, the waters are moderately mineralized, with conductivities (24 - 1205 μS/cm) in line with WHO standards. A comparison of the analytical results of the WHO (2017) and Benin (2001) standards indicates that the majority of the waters studied are of good quality for all the chemical parameters considered. Nevertheless, some samples show levels of nitrates (21%), potassium (14% to 16%), calcium (13%), ammonium (12%), nitrites (8%) and bicarbonates (10%) over their respective standards. The Wilcox and Riverside diagrams indicate that the majority of waters (90%) have excellent suitability for irrigation and no negative effect on soil fertilization.

关键词： Benin OuéméDelta Groundwater Physico-Chemical Quality Consumption Irrigation

Slam Technology on Disaster Response

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 695-714页

作者： zakari Tukur Ibrahim Junyi He Department of Computer Science Henan Polytechnic University of Technology Jiaozuo China

Disaster response demands rapid, accurate, and comprehensive situational awareness. This study explores the potential of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technology to enhance disaster response efforts. By integrating sensors and algorithms, SLAM enables autonomous systems to create detailed maps of disaster-stricken areas while simultaneously determining their own location. This research investigates the application of SLAM in various disaster scenarios, assesses its performance in challenging conditions, and analyzes its potential to improve search and rescue, damage assessment, and resource allocation. The findings highlight the advantages of SLAM in providing real-time data, supporting decision-making, and increasing the efficiency of disaster response operations.

关键词： Autonomous Vehicles Disaster Response Sensors Mapping SLAM

Optimizing postsurgical recovery for elderly patients with gastric cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第9期15卷 1122-1125页

作者： Adamu D Isah zakari Shaibu Sheng-Chun Dang Department of Radiation Oncology Institute of OncologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Medicine Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 202013Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Based on a recent study by Li et al,this editorial examines the significance of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols for elderly patients with gastric ***-related mortality,which is overwhelmingly caused by gastric cancer,calls for effective treatment *** advances in the field of oncology,conventional postoperative care often results in prolonged hospital stays and increased *** aim of ERAS is to expedite recovery,reduce surgical stress,and improve patient *** study of Li et al showed that,compared to traditional care,ERAS significantly reduces mortality risk,shortens hospital stays,and decreases postoperative *** findings support the widespread implementation of ERAS protocols in surgical practice to enhance patient outcomes and healthcare value.

关键词： Enhance recovery after surgery Gastric cancer Elderly Postoperative care Surgical recovery

Physical and Chemical Properties of Horns Sheaths Particles for the Manufacture of Composite Materials

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期12卷 1-9页

作者： Tawe Laynde zakari Yaou Karga Tapsia Lionel Konai Noel Danwe Raidandi Department of Wood Construction University Institute for Wood Technology University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering National Advance School of Engineering University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Mechanical Petroleum and Gas Engineering National Advance School of Mines and Petroleum Industries University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

Salvaged cow horns from slaughterhouses have been transformed into fine particles for a physical characterization that has led us to determine the humidity rate (2.34% ± 0.054%), the actual density situated between 0.586 g/cm3 and 0.732 g/cm3, the swelling rate (12%), and one chemical characterization that permitted us to determine the rate of dry matters (97.05%), of mineral matters (2.5%), of protein matters (94.52%). From these weak values, it can easily be seen that cow horn case doesn’t absorb much water and improve the mechanical characteristics of the composite;the high rate of protein shows that keratin which is the structural molecule favors its gripping as reinforcing element in the manufacturing of composite materials.

关键词： Horns Fibers Polymer Loads Physical Properties Chemical Composition

Farmer Participatory Evaluation of Sorghum Hybrid in Niger

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第4期12卷 386-396页

作者： Mamadou Ibrahim Aissata Hamé Abdou Kadi Kadi Abdelkader Mahaman Soulé zakari moussa ousmane Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN) Niamey Niger Faculté d’Agronomie Université Abdou Moumouni (UAM) Niamey Niger

Participatory varietal selection (PVS) with farmers and Seed Companies was conducted at Maradi research station (07°05'E/13°48'N) and in farmer field to evaluate and select sorghum hybrid varieties for high yield and other important agronomic traits. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications where flowering (days), plant height (cm) and yield (kg) were collected. The analysis of variance showed highly significance among treatments of all traits measured Environment and Genotype by Environment interactions also contributed significantly to the performance of yield components. The highest average grain yield was recorded from hybrids P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 (4289 kg/ha), NE223A x 90SN1 (3666 kg/ha), NE223A x Sepon 82 (3533 kg/ha) and NE223A x P9405 (3519 kg/ha) across locations. Farmers’ preferences were the panicle size, good seed set, earliness, and seed color. Hence, in a variety selection farmer’s preferences focus more on prioritized yield-related trait. The best varieties ranked by traits of interest were P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1, NE223A x 90SN1, NE223A x P9405 and P9511A x SEPON 82 that performed well under their circumstances. The results showed that farmers’ preferred varieties match with researchers. Therefore, based on objectively measured traits, farmers’ preferences and the agro ecologies of the site, varieties NE223A x 90SN1 and P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 were found promising for production.

关键词： Sorghum Breeding Multi-Location Testing Participatory Approaches Yield Niger

Perception and Level of Knowledge of the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) by Maize Farmers in the Southern Agricultural Zone of Niger

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1321-1333页

作者： Souleymane Laminou zakari moussa ousmane Laouali Amadou Mahaman Moctar Rabe Ibrahim Baoua Boukari Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental Sciences Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Laboratoire d’Entomologie II de Maradi Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger Maradi Niger Department of Agroeconomics and Rural Sociology University of Tahoua Tahoua Niger

Maize is one of the cereals most consumed by households in Niger. Its production remains marginal despite the efforts made in hydro-agricultural development both around the Niger River and in the interior of the country. The detection of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) in 2016 in Niger, followed by its rapid spread where in less than a year it has spread over almost the entire national territory is not without consequence on the yields of the but already very low in the main production areas. As a result, maize production is increasingly being abandoned in the southern agricultural zone of Niger. In fact, this caterpillar has become a major pest of maize because of the significant damage observed on this crop during its growth and development cycle. This situation calls for research to be conducted to help maize producers better manage this pest. The objective of this study is to assess the level of knowledge and management of FAW by maize farmers in the southern agricultural zone of Niger. A survey was conducted in July and August 2020 on a sample of 408 farmers in this zone using an individual questionnaire designed and integrated into the ODK data collection software. The results obtained showed that 93% of the producers recognize FAW through its morphology and the aspects of its damage;53.25% estimate that the attack rate is very high and 60.75% of the producers use pesticides in the management of this pest against only 1.5% who use biopesticides. These results clearly indicate the severity of FAW attacks on corn and the massive use of pesticides by producers.

关键词： Fall Armyworm Perception Producer Incidence Niger

Contribution and Relevance of Transfontanellar Ultrasound in Newborns in Ouagadougou: Multicentre Study on 1000 Cases

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 64-73页

作者： Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Somé Milckisédek Judickael Dabire Stive Arnauld Tankoano Ida Aida Napon Aischa Madina Nikiema zakari Diallo Ousseini Lougue Sorgho Leonie Claudine Cisse Rabiou Department of Medical Imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Centre Ouahigouya University Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Souro Sanon University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Medical Imaging Service Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiodiagnostic and Medical Imaging Laboratory Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objectives: To demonstrate the contribution and relevance of ETFs through the study of 1000 examination reports carried out in the medical imaging departments of the OUAGADOUGOU CHU. Material and method: Analytical descriptive study with retrospective collection, extended from 1st January 2020 to 1st January 2022. Results: Of the 1000 transfontanellar ultrasound reports, the mean age of patients was 7.61 +/ 7.5 days, with extremes of zero and 28 days. Sex was specified in 989 cases. Males accounted for 54.49% and females for 45.51%. 555 transfontanellar ultrasound were performed in 2020. 441 in 2021 and 4 in 2022. 61.9% of transfontanellar ultrasound were performed at the Bogodogo University Hospital, 205 at Charles de Gaulle and 176 at Tengandogo. Indications for transfontanellar ultrasound were dominated by neonatal distress (65.8%), followed by convulsions (10.2%) and prematurity (9.1%). Transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 570 cases (57%) and abnormal in 430 cases (43%). Abnormalities were dominated by haemorrhage and ischaemic lesions in 66.28% (285) and 21.63% (93) of cases respectively. In the group of normal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal distress represented 59.65% of indications and prematurity 10.7% of indications. As for abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal suffering accounted for 73.95% of indications and convulsions for 12.56%. The average age ofpatients with an abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound was 8.74 days +/ 7.89 days. The indication for investigations was relevant in 42.2% of cases and irrelevant in 57.8%;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with relevant indications, 0.71 were normal and 99.29 abnormal;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with irrelevant indications, the transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 98.1% and abnormal in 1.9%. Conclusion: Transfontanellar ultrasound is an important part of ultrasound in current practice. Haemorrhage, anoxic-ischaemic lesions and hydrocephalus are the most frequent pathologies fou

关键词： Transfontanellar Ultrasound Neonatal Distress Relevance