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Incidence of Sickle Cell Disease and Other Hemoglobinopathies in Burkina Faso: Results of a Five-Year Systematic neonatal Screening (2015-2019) in Four Urban Hospitals

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 87-97页

作者： Salam Sawadogo Koumpingnin nebie Donatien Kima Hélène traore Savadogo Jean De Dieu Sanou Dieudonné Ouedraogo Paul Ouedraogo Hyacinthe Zamane Abdoulaye Ndiaye Eléonore Kafando University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Hematology Intervention Group Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Sanou Souro Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Schiphra Protestant Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Saint-Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Hemoglobinopathies, mainly Sickle cell disease (SCD), are the most common monogenic disorders in Africa. In Burkina Faso, data on these diseases are scarce, mainly hospital-based in Ouagadougou and its surroundings. In order to assess the incidence and allelic frequencies of the main hemoglobinopathies in newborns in Burkina Faso, we conducted a cross-sectional study from 2015 to 2019 in four hospitals. The study included babies of both sexes, regardless of ethnic group and parents’ hemoglobin status. It was a newborn screening and hemoglobin variants were detected using isoelectric focusing on cord blood samples and confirmed using hemoglobin electrophoresis by high-performance liquid chromatography. The proportions and cumulative incidences of the different hemoglobinopathies were computed. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law was applied to calculate genotypic and allelic frequencies. The significant level was p newborns included, 47.8% were males and 60.2% were from Bobo-Dioulasso. Abnormal hemoglobin was found in 27.1%, representing a cumulative incidence of 1:4 newborns. The incidence of SCD was 1.9% (1:53 newborns) with 27.9% of homozygous SS. Homozygous CC and compound heterozygous Cβ-Thalassemia accounted for 1.1%. SCD cases were 1.51 times higher in Bobo-Dioulasso (OR = 1.51;95% CI [1.09 - 2.10]: p = 0.013). The observed genotype frequencies were significantly different from the expected ones (p 0.001). The βS and βC alleles represented 5.1 and 9.9%, respectively. This study showed a high incidence of hemoglobinopathies. Such results raise the question of control strategies for these hemoglobinopathies in our country.

关键词： Abnormal Hemoglobin β-Globin Gene newborn Screening Isoelectric Focusing

Aeromagnetic Imagery as a Tool to Help Identify the Structures Controlling the Emplacement of the Kenieba Kimberlite Pipes (Western Mali, West African Craton)

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第11期13卷 1177-1194页

作者： Baco traore Gbele Ouattara Marc Ephrem Allialy ousm.ne Wane Mohamed Moustapha Ndam Njikam Adama Youssouf Kone Souleymane Sangare Civil Engineering Geosciences and Geographic Sciences Laboratory Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Bamako Mali UFR-STRM University of Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Faculty of Sciences and Technics (FST) University of Sciences Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB) Bamako Mali

A kimberlite field, represented by fertile and sterile kimberlite pipes (chimneys) is located in the region of Kenieba (West Mali, Kédougou-Kenieba inlier, West African Craton). Thirty pipes and kimberlite dykes have been identified in the birimian formations, composed mainly of metasediments and granitoids, covered by sedimentary formations (sandstones and conglomerates) of neoproterozoic age. All these formations are injected with dykes and doleritic sills of Jurassic age. The study of kimberlite pipes is still stammering in Mali, and thus no previous study has allowed to characterize the structures controlling their implementation. The reinterpretation of aeromagnetic data validated by field work indicates that the major structures of the Kenieba region are oriented Nne-SSW, ne-SW, E-W and NW-SE. These structures (faults and kimberlite pipes) are often associated with dolerite dykes, which would imply an injection of dolerite magma into the other formations. The location of the known kimberlite pipes makes it possible to say that the direction NW-SE is the most favorable for the exploration of kimberlites in the region of Kenieba.

关键词： Kimberlite Pipes Doleritic Dykes Fractures Aeromagnetism Kenieba Mali

Relationship between the Polymorphism of the GSTP1 (rs1695) Gene and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 94-107页

作者： Tilate Lare Lassina traore Marie Simone traore Sidnooma Véronique Zongo Pierre Zabre Mousso Savadogo Fortune D. Salah Herman Karim Sombie Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho Tégwindé Rebeca Compaore Tani Sagna Issoufou Tao Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Damintoti Simplice Karou Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo Teega-Wende Clarisse Ouedraogo Prosper Bado Albert Théophane Yonli Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire-Virologie Institut National d’Hygiène Lomé Togo Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et de Technologies/Ecole Normale Supérieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast PMB Cape Coast Ghana école Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires Université de Lomé (ESTBA-UL) Lomé Togo Centre Universitaire de Gaoua Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms of some Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) which encode the enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, have been associated with the risk of several pathologies that can progress to cancer such as Hepatitis B. This study aims to characterize the impact of the rs1695 polymorphism of GSTP1 gene among people with chronic Hepatitis B infection in Burkina Faso. Methods: rs1695 polymorphisms of GSTP1 gene genotyping was performed for 50 people infected with chronic Hepatitis B virus and 124 healthy people with the PCR-RFLP method. Conventional PCR was used for DNA amplification and Alw26I enzyme was used for enzymatic digestion. Results: The results show that the frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes are respectively 31.00%, 36.80% and 32.20% in general the study population with a mutation rate of 50.57%. However, the incidence of the AA, AG and GG genotypes are respectively 30.64%, 38.71% and 30.64% among people with chronic Hepatitis B virus infection and 32.00%, 32.00% and 36.00% among healthy people. In cases, the frequencies of the A and G alleles are 48.00% and 52.00% respectively, and in controls 50.00% each. No statistical difference was found by comparing genotypic and allelic frequencies between cases and controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study allowed us to determine the rate of GSTP1 rs1695 genotypes in the study population, cases and controls. From our analyses, GSTP1 rs1695 is not associated to chronic Hepatitis B virus infection in Ouagadougou.

关键词： Polymorphism GSTP1 Chronic Hepatitis B Healthy People Burkina Faso

Testicular Seminoma and Peritonitis about One Case at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital of Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Urology 2015年第12期5卷 220-223页

作者： Nayi Zongo Moussa Bazongo Mamadou Windsouri Mousa Kaboré Edgar Ouangré Maurice Zida Aimé Sosthène Ouédraogo Aboubacar Hirrhum Bambara Augustin Tozoula Bambara Si Simon traore Ahmadou Dem Division of General Surgery Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Division of Pathologic Anatomy Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Oncology Institue Joliot Curie Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Testicular seminoma is a highly lymphophilic germ cell tumor. It is the most common germ cell tumor in young adults. We are reporting one case of testicular seminoma complicated with an acute generalized peritonitis (AGP), in order to describe the circumstances of diagnosis and discuss about treatment. Observation: It involved a 39-year-old patient, admitted for vague abdominal pains that were evolving since 72 hours with a history of right orchiectomy because of testicular seminoma in 2011. The analysis revealed a peritoneal syndrome, a right inguinal lymphadenopathy of 10 cm diameter and an empty right scrotum. The exploration revealed fistulized necrotic retro-peritoneal lymphadenopathies in the peritoneal cavity and ileal perforation on contact with these lymphadenopathies. necrosectomy and ileal resections were performed. After the operation, the scanner revealed a conglomeration of retro-peritoneal adenomegalies extending to the right femoral region associated with bilateral pleurisy. The β-HCG and the LDH were 8000 IU/L and 24,500 IU/L, respectively. The seminoma was ranked T3N3M1. The immediate post-operative care was uneventful. The patient was lost from sight for a month and was readmitted in a context of alteration of his general condition. He died before the end of the pre-chemotherapeutic assessment. Conclusion: Scrotal mass is the usual way of revelation of testicular seminoma. In poorly followed-up cases, exceptional complications such as peritonitis may occur and are direct consequences of poor prognosis.

关键词： Seminoma Testicle Peritonitis Treatment Prognosis

Polycyclic Evolution of Paleoproterozoic Rocks in the Southwestern Part of the Mako Group(Eastern Senegal,West Africa)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第7期5卷 739-748页

作者： Papa Moussa Ndiaye Edmond Dioh Famara Diatta Alassane traore Makhoudia Fall ousm.ne Balde Département de Géologie Universite Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSénégal Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire Universite Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSénégal Institut de Technologie Nucléaire Appliquée Universite Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSénégal

After an extensional stage giving rise to tholeiitic basalts and gabbros, the south western part of Kédougou Kéniéba Inlier (KKI) was affected by three phases of compressionnal deformation. The first phase (D1) was related to ne-SW stress that led to northeastward thrusting. Early granitoids would be implemented during this tectonic event. The second phase (D2) was due to East-West compressional stress that created combined strike sleep faults: NNW-SSE and Nne-SSW respectively sinistral and dextral. During this phase, some volcanic rocks and gabbros were mylonitized, hydrothermalized and transformed into quartzites. These quartzites were considered as sedimentary rocks in previous studies. Granitic plutons and andesites took place during this tectonic phase. D3 deformation occurred towards the end of the Eburnean orogeny. It would be held in two episodes. In the first episode, WNW-ESE stresses created conjugate shears: sinistral NNW-SSE and dextral ne-SW. In the second episode, stresses moved toward the ne-SW direction and made the resulting brittle structures arranged in NS dextral corridors.

关键词： Paleoproterozoic Eastern Senegal Volcanic-Rocks Polycyclic Deformation Silicification

Evaluation of the Management Results of Uretero-Pelvic Junction Abnormalities

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Open Journal of Urology 2015年第9期5卷 167-171页

作者： Prince Pascal Hounnasso Josue Dejinnin Georges Avakoudjo Fouad Kolawale Yde Soumanou Ghislain Honvozo Djidjoho Michael Michel Agounkpe Gilles Natchagande Olivier Dandjlessa Magloire Dodji Yevi Mamadou Teoule traore Djamal Jacquet Viyome Edoe Sewa Sosthène Ouedraogo Teaching University Hospital(CNHU-HKM)of Cotonou CotonouBenin Teaching University Hospital(CHD-OP)of Porto-Novo Porto-NovoBenin

Objectives: To evaluate therapeutic and prognosis of Uretero-pelvic junction abnomalities. Methods: This article was retrospective and descriptive, covering a period of six months, running from January 1st to December 31st, 2013 and conducted?to evaluate therapeutic and prognosis of Uretero-pelvic junction abnormalities. Included criteria were all patients whose diagnosis was abnormalities of the uretero-pelvic junction and had been confirmed after para clinical explorations. The stricture of the junction after a first kidney surgery did not include. The Creatinine level has considered high from 15 mg/l. Results: The median age was 35 years old. Age groups (30 - 40) years old have predominated in 36.2%. A male predominance had been noted in 62.3% versus 37.7% women. The most affected occupation was the officials in 37.7% of cases. The main reason for consultation was lumbar pain in 97.1%. The high creatinine level has observed in 19 patients (27.5%). Sixty-one patients (88.41%) have been operated. An abstention has been observed in 7 patients (10.14%) and one patient died before the surgical issue in renal failure. The early post-operative course has been uneventful in 78.7% (48 cases) and complicated in 21.3% (21 cases). Conclusions: Open surgery tends to disappear at the expense of the endopyelotomy and laparoscopy which gives best results. However, it is still relevant.

关键词： UJPO Management Open Surgery Early Postoperative