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Wasteland and Empty Plots Trivialization in the Maradi City (Niger): Between Environmental Degradation and Consequent Nuisance, Quality of life and Sustainability of Biodiversity

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第1期10卷 13-34页

作者： Karimou Dia Hantchi oumarou zango Amadou oumarou Boubé Morou Moussa Konaté Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Techniques Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University Maradi Niger Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Techniques University of Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Science Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University Maradi Niger Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Techniques Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University Maradi Niger Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Techniques Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

The trivialization of empty spaces has long been practiced in the city of Maradi (Niger), particularly in the Zaria 2 (Commune II) and Ali Dan Sofo (Commune III) districts. With stalls in the streets and illegal dumping grounds, empty plots and the surrounding areas are fairly privileged sources of various wastes. This study aims at analyzing the impact of these empty plots on the local population, through several aspects, especially in terms of the modes of occupation, internal and surrounding practices, physical environment and biodiversity, sanitation and elimination of waste. To do so, two methodological approaches were used: a survey on local population and in situ observation of these spaces. The results not only reveal a difficult proximity situation to the unbuilt but also showed that empty plots constitute not only a form of vegetation conservation for the future as well as clean surfaces which would be called upon to characterize the potential recharge of groundwater. The most potentially useful organic waste would be that of Kadro, especially feathers from poultry that could be used as compost in the fields. In addition to the degradation of urban environments (63% of respondents), the unbuilt area also contributes to poverty reduction and increases food security (69% of respondents). To reduce the negative impacts, the rewarding strategies would be awareness-raising and monitoring measures coupled with a policy of protection and environmental remedies.

关键词： Urban Environment Empty Plots Biodiversity Waste Impacts Maradi Niger

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Agro-Morphological Variability in Eight Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Morphotypes from Zinder (Niger)

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： oumarou zango Rabiou Abdou Saley Adamou Salamatou Agbo So Timothée Kouassi Bakasso Yacoubou Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) has economic importance for the producers and the traders as cash crop since it generates substantial income for households in Niger. The objective of this study was to assess eight (8) Bambara groundnut morphotype from Université André Salifou de Zinder in Niger Republic by their morphological and agronomic characters. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the rainy season of 2020-2021. Data were collected on the Number of leaves, Plant height (cm), Growth habit (cm), Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Number of nodes/stem, Number of stems/plant, Number of pods/plant, Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g), Length of seeds (mm), Width of seeds (mm), Weight of seeds/Plot (kg). There were significant differences for all characters, except Number of leaves, Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Length of seeds (mm) Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g). The morphotypes UZ-VZ-04, UZ-VZ-03, UZ-VZ-06, UZ-VZ-02 and UZ-VZ-05 have demonstrated good performance for grain weight per plot and can be useful for a breeding program.

关键词： Vigna subterranea Accessions Agro-Morphological Traits Weight of 100 Seeds

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Agro Morphological Characterization and Evaluation of Three Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] Varieties from Zinder (Niger) for Yield and Other Variability Components

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第3期13卷 321-329页

作者： Rabiou Abdou oumarou zango Abdoul Karim Toudou Timothée Kouassi Agbo So Yacoubou Bakasso Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université de Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université Abdou-Moumouni Niamey Niger

Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the dry season 2018-2019. The following characters were evaluated: emergence;germination;boutonization flowering;fructificaion;height at flowering;height at maturity;length of the petiole;diameter of leaves;diameter of plants;number of fruits;number of fruit per branch;total number of fruits;number of branch, number of leaves;length of fruits;diameter of fruits;number of arrets;weight of fruits;weight of seed, number of seeds. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using XlStat version 7.1 and the means separated by using Turkey’s Method. Analysis of Principal components (PCA) using R software was also performed on the variables. There were significant differences for all characters except emergence, germination, diameter of plants, number of fruits, total number of fruits and diameter of fruits. The multivariate analysis by the ACP showed a grouping of the varieties in three groups. The three okra varieties have revealed good performances and could be useful for a breeding program. The study of the water needs of the varieties will be very interesting to make a better selection of the collection.

关键词： Agronomic Performance Okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Multivariate Analysis Niger Republic

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Effect of Fertilizers on the Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivated in the Zinder Region (Niger Republic)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第11期15卷 1340-1351页

作者： oumarou zango Abdoulaye Moussa oumarou Abdou Harou Brah Mahamadou Salissou So Timothée Kouassi Agbo Yacoubou Bakasso Rabiou Abdou Laboratoire dEcologie et Gestion de la Biodiversit Sahlo-Saharienne Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Andr Salifou Zinder Niger Dpartement de Biologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit de Dosso Dosso Niger Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversit au Sahel Dpartement de Biologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

Maize constitutes one of the most important crops in Niger’s fight for food security, and it is cultivated in all regions of the country. However, maize cultivation is declining due to low soil fertility. This study focused on evaluating the impact of fertilizers on maize plant production in Zinder. The fertilizer effect was evaluated based on 21 quantitative and 9 qualitative descriptors proposed by IBPGR and CIMMYT 1991. The experiment was conducted during the rainy season in the experimental domain of Université André Salifou following randomized complete block designs with three repetitions. Seven fertilizer treatments, including two organic, two mineral, two combinations of fertilizers, and a control treatment, were applied. The analysis shows that fertilizers had positive effects on the earliness and productivity of the selected variety. The best yield of dry corn cob (7480 kg/ha) was recorded on organic fertilizer of composted poultry manure, which is equal to 4.8 times that obtained with the control (1561 kg/ha), followed by the mineral fertilizer NPK combined with composted cow dung with 6395.231 kg/ha. Therefore, the use of fertilizers could be an appropriate alternative to overcome the negative consequences of yield declines in the corn production system in the Zinder region.

关键词： Maze Organic Fertilizer Mineral Fertilizers Productivity Zinder

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Local Practices and Knowledge Associated with Date Palm Cultivation in Southeastern Niger

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第9期7卷 586-603页

作者： oumarou zango Hervé Rey Yacoubou Bakasso René Lecoustre Frédérique Aberlenc Jean-Christophe Pintaud UMR AMAP CIRAD Montpellier France Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Niamey Niamey Niger Montpellier University Montpellier France F2F-Palms Group UMR DIADE IRD Montpellier France

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), a dioecious species, is of particular interest in the Sahel due to its phenological plasticity in relation to climate change and its double-flowering capacity. This article explores local practices and knowledge associated with date palm cultivation in the oasis basins of southeastern Niger, and provides an inventory of local seed propagated varieties, for more effectively guiding agricultural research and the breeding of this species. We carried out a survey of 30 date palm growers in 14 villages of the Manga region. The qualitative data of the survey were processed by a Multiple Correspondence Analysis. We inventoried 19 date palm varieties, for which the main distinctive criterion was fruit colour, but some other criteria such as biology or provenance were also used. The cultural practices and knowledge associated with the date palm in Manga have improved since the 1990s. They also depend on ethnic groups and the importance they assign to farming compared to livestock rearing and trading activities. The type of basin (high, intermediate, or low water table) influences growers’ practices and perceptions. Lastly, the date harvest in the wet season is abundant, but of mediocre quality, whereas it is the opposite for the dry season harvest. To conclude, sustainable development of date palm cultivation in the Sahel zone relies firstly on the selection of varieties that are early fruit producers or that can complete fruit maturation during the raining season and secondly on technical capacity building for producers.

关键词： Sahel Phoenix dactylifera Seed Propagated Variety Local Knowledge Climate Change

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