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Tissue-specific Gene Expression Changes Are Associated with Aging in Mice

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2020年第4期18卷 430-442页

作者： Akash Srivastava Emanuel Barth Maria A.Ermolaeva Madlen Guenther Christiane Frahm Manja Marz otto w.witte Hans-Berger Department of Neurology University Hospital JenaFriedrich Schiller University Jena07747 JenaGermany Bioinformatics/High Throughput Analysis Friedrich Schiller University Jena07743 JenaGermany FLI Leibniz Institute for Age Research 07745 JenaGermany

Aging is a complex process that can be characterized by functional and cognitive decline in an individual. Aging can be assessed based on the functional capacity of vital organs and their intricate interactions with one another. Thus, the nature of aging can be described by focusing on a specific organ and an individual itself. However, to fully understand the complexity of aging,one must investigate not only a single tissue or biological process but also its complex interplay and interdependencies with other biological processes. Here, using RNA-seq, we monitored changes in the transcriptome during aging in four tissues(including brain, blood, skin and liver) in mice at9 months, 15 months, and 24 months, with a final evaluation at the very old age of 30 *** identified several genes and processes that were differentially regulated during aging in both tissue-dependent and tissue-independent manners. Most importantly, we found that the electron transport chain(ETC) of mitochondria was similarly affected at the transcriptome level in the four tissues during the aging process. we also identified the liver as the tissue showing the largest variety of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) over time. Lcn2(Lipocalin-2) was found to be similarly regulated among all tissues, and its effect on longevity and survival was validated using its orthologue in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our study demonstrated that the molecular processes of aging are relatively subtle in their progress, and the aging process of every tissue depends on the tissue’s specialized function and environment. Hence, individual gene or process alone cannot be described as the key of aging in the whole organism.

关键词： Aging RNA-seq analysis Inflammaging Electron transport chain Tissue aging

Graphene-calcium carbonate coating to improve the degradation resistance and mechanical integrity of a biodegradable implant

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 394-404页

作者： Lokesh Choudhary Parama Chakraborty Banerjee R.K.Singh Raman Derrek E.Lobo Christopher D.Easton Mainak Majumder Frank witte Jörg F.Löffler Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory(NSEL) Bldg 37Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Bayview AvenueClaytonVIC 3168Australia Julius wolff Institute and Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology Department of MaterialsETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Biodegradable implants are critical for regenerative orthopaedic procedures,but they may suffer from too fast corrosion in human-body *** necessitates the synthesis of a suitable coating that may improve the corrosion resistance of these implants without compromising their mechanical *** this study,an AZ91 magnesium alloy,as a representative for a biodegradable Mg implant material,was modified with a thin reduced graphene oxide(RGO)-calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))composite *** analytical and in-vitro electrochemical characterization reveals that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity,and thus has the potential to greatly extend the related application field.

关键词： Graphene coating Biodegradable implant Hydroxyapatite Corrosion Magnesium alloy

Particle elasticity influences polymeric artificial antigen presenting cell effectiveness in vivo via CD8+T cell activation,macrophage uptake,and the protein corona

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9052-9064页

作者： Savannah E.Est-witte Sydney R.Shannon Dennis H.Gong Kaitlyn G.Calabresi Jawaun J.Harris Kaitlyn Storm Edwin J.Yoo Ariel Isser Vivek P.Jani Natalie K.Livingston Mary O.Omotoso Kelly Rhodes Elana Ben-Akiva Randall A.Meyer Zoe T.Hsieh Simone Sidoli Stephany Y.Tzeng Jonathan P.Schneck Jordan J.Green Translational Tissue Engineering Center Institute for NanobiotechnologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimoreMD 21231USA Institute for Cell Engineering Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins School of Medicine733 N BroadwayBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biochemistry Albert Einstein College of MedicineThe BronxNew York CityNY 10461USA

Adoptive cell therapy(ACT)is an immunotherapy strategy for cancer that has seen widespread clinical *** ACT,patient-derived lymphocytes are stimulated with the antigen of interest ex vivo,proliferated,then returned to the patient to initiate an antigen-specific antitumor *** effective,this process is resource-intensive and logistically impossible for many *** artificial antigen presenting cells(aAPCs)offer a potential“off-the-shelf”alternative to ex vivo *** particulate aAPCs perform well in vitro,they have had limited success in vivo due to poor bioavailability after *** to bioavailability include rapid clearance,unfavorable biodistribution,and inadequate interactions with CD8+T cells at sites of *** properties such as elasticity have been shown to vastly impact the bioavailability and particle-cell interactions,but this has yet to be investigated in the context of aAPCs for in vivo T-cell *** literature likewise indicates that biomaterial properties,especially elasticity,can modulate T-cell activation in *** the goal of creating a more biomimetic,next-generation particulate aAPC,we developed a poly(ethylene)glycol hydrogel particle platform with tunable elasticity to investigate the impact of elasticity on antigen-specific T cell activation for in vivo adoptive *** this knowledge,we were able to gain more precise control over in vivo T cell activation and investigate possible mechanisms including the effects of aAPC elasticity on T cell binding,macrophage uptake,and the protein corona.

关键词： adoptive cell therapy artificial antigen presenting cells particle drug delivery elasticity protein corona poly(ethylene glycol)

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猪日粮中禁用抗生素的策略

国外畜牧科技 2001年第4期28卷 21-24页

作者： w.witte 汤芹

养猪生产中停止使用抗菌促生长剂是对未来的挑战.饲料中使用抗生素产生具有抗药性的细菌,现已经证实确有抗药性细菌从动物转移到了人类,对人类健康构成威胁.因此需要寻找促进生长并能改善饲料转化率的替代方法.虽然从未期望用抗菌促生... 详细信息

养猪生产中停止使用抗菌促生长剂是对未来的挑战.饲料中使用抗生素产生具有抗药性的细菌,现已经证实确有抗药性细菌从动物转移到了人类,对人类健康构成威胁.因此需要寻找促进生长并能改善饲料转化率的替代方法.虽然从未期望用抗菌促生长剂控制疾病,但人们预测停止使用将会导致猪疾病的上升,尤其是断奶仔猪.但丹麦进行的初步试验结果表明,在养猪生产中停止使用抗菌促生长剂同样有可能盈利.

关键词：猪动物性食品抗生素抗菌促生长剂饲料添加剂

Sex differences in color discrimination and serial reversal learning in mollies and guppies

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 323-332页

作者： Theodora FUSS Klaudia witte Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology Department of Chemistry and Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 57076 Siegen Germany

Behavioral flexibility provides an individual with the ability to adapt its behavior in response to environmental changes. Studies on mammals, birds, and teleosts indicate greater behavioral flexibility in females. Conversely, males appear to exhibit greater behavioral persistenee. we, therefore, investigated sex differences in behavioral flexibility in 2 closely related molly species (Poecilia latipinna, P. mexicana) and their more distant relative, the guppy P. reticulata by comparing male and female individuals in a serial, visual reversal learning task. Fish were first trained in color discrimination, which was quickly learned by all females (guppies and mollies) and all molly males alike. Despite continued training over more than 72 sessions, male guppies did not learn the general test procedure and were, therefore, excluded from further testing. Once the reward contingency was reversed serially, molly males of both species performed considerably better by inhibiting their previous response and reached the learning criterion sign讦icantly faster than their respective con specific females. Moreover, Atlantic molly males clearly outperformed all other individuals (males and females) and some of them even reached the level of 1-trial learning. Thus, the apparently un iversal pattern of higher female behavioral flexibility seems to be in verted in the 2 examined molly species, although the evolutionary account of this pattern remains highly speculative. These findings were complemented by the observed lower neophobia of female sailfin mollies compared with their male con specifics. This sex differe nee was not observed in Atlantic mollies that were observed to be sigrdficantly less distressed in a novel situation than their consexuals. Hypothetically, sex differences in behavioral flexibility can possibly be explained in terms of the different roles that males and females play in mating competition, mate choice, and reproduction or, more gen erally, in complex socia

关键词： behavioural and cognitive flexibility colour discrimination neophobia serial reversal learning/Poecilia mexicana and Poecilia latipinna Poecilia reticulata

(Under)water love-linking mate choice and cognition in fish and frogs

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 279-284页

作者： Theodora FUSS Klaudia witte Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of BiologyDepartment of Chemistry and Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 257076 SiegenGermany

Aims and Objectives This Special Column aims at complementing our knowledge and deepening our understanding of the complex processes involved in learning and neurobiological mechanisms in the context of sexual selection.

关键词： learning neurobiological mechanisms sexual selection

Rehabilitative Therapies Differentially Alter Proliferation and Survival of Glial Cell Populations in the Perilesional Zone of Cortical Infarcts

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神经损伤与功能重建 2008年第2期3卷 109-118页

作者： SILKE KEINER FANNY wURM ALBRECHT KUNZE otto w. witte AND CHRISTOPH REDECKER Department of Neurology Friedrich-Schiller-University Erlanger Allee 101 Jena Germany

卒中后的康复治疗能改善神经环路的重塑,促进功能恢复。但人们对其潜在的细胞分子机制却知之甚少。特别是康复训练对在大脑局部缺血的病理生理过程中扮演着重要角色的胶质细胞的影响,一直不甚明了。现在,作者设计一项实验来检测康复训... 详细信息

卒中后的康复治疗能改善神经环路的重塑,促进功能恢复。但人们对其潜在的细胞分子机制却知之甚少。特别是康复训练对在大脑局部缺血的病理生理过程中扮演着重要角色的胶质细胞的影响,一直不甚明了。现在,作者设计一项实验来检测康复训练对光化学诱导的局灶性脑缺血损伤灶周围（梗死灶位于大鼠前肢感觉运动皮质功能区）的不同胶质细胞种群增殖和存活的影响。造模成功后,标准组小鼠即开始在标准笼中接受每日定期的针对损伤前肢的功能训练,强化组大鼠转移到强化环境中饲养,抓取组大鼠仍然放在标准笼中未给予进一步的治疗。作者通过感觉运动行走测试来评价功能恢复情况,并于梗死后2-6d给予BrdU以标记检测增殖的细胞。分贝在梗死后的第10天和第42天,用免疫细胞化学方法对病灶周围增殖和存活的星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞和成熟或未成熟的少突胶质细胞进行定量检测。结果作者发现,强化环境和抓取训练都能显著提高损伤前肢的功能恢复程度。此外,这些治疗能显著减少梗死灶周围小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的增殖,其中对损伤前肢的每日训练还能明显提高新生星形胶质细胞的存活率。因此,作者的数据证明,皮质梗死后的康复治疗不仅能促进功能恢复,而且显著影响着病灶周围区胶质细胞的反应。

关键词：星形胶质细胞强化环境可塑性小胶质细胞感觉运动皮质卒中

Mate-choice copying： Status quo and where to go

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Current Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 1073-1081页

作者： Klaudia witte Nina KNIEL Ilka Maria KURECK Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology University of Siegen 57068 Siegen Germany

Mate-choice copying is a fascinating and widespread mate-choice strategy. Individuals gather public information about potential mates by observing others during sexual interactions and choose or reject the same individual as a mate as the observed individual did before. The influence of copying behavior on an individual＇s mate choice can be so strong that socially acquired information can override genetically based preferences for certain phenotypes. Thus, mate-choice copying enforces dy- namic processes in sexual selection. Here, we review the current state of research on mate-choice copying and focus on sex-specific aspects. we present evidence that mate-choice copying can support the evolution of novel sexual ornaments, and we discuss potential costs of mate-choice copying when public information is not reliable. Moreover, we discuss the conflict faced by males that copy since mate-choice copying increases sperm competition. In conclusion we suggest interesting topics for future research in mate-choice copying .

关键词： Mate-choice copying Public information Audience effect Sperm competition Novel ornaments

Pricing to Market: Chinese Export Pricing to the USA after the Peg

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China & world Economy 2009年第2期17卷 65-78页

作者： Mark David witte Department of Economics and Finance College of Charleston

In July 2005, the Chinese Government unpegged the RMB from the US dollar. As the RMB has followed a remarkably predictable appreciation over time, I examine the price of Chinese exports to the USA after unpegging the exchange rate. Results suggest that the Chinese industries with greater import market share were able to raise their prices after the removal of the pegged exchange rate regime; however, over time there is a significant deflationary trend. Chinese export prices tended to decrease under an unanticipated RMB appreciation; this effect was more pronounced for industries with more pricing flexibility. This suggests that Chinese exporters are consistently ＂pricing to market＂ and thus creating a significant foreign exchange policy implication. Specifically, a more flexible exchange rate regime will likely have little impact on the prices of Chinese exports to the USA but might increase the profit volatility of Chinese firms.

关键词： Chinese economy exchange rate exports inflation pricing to market