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Households as Sources Contributing the Most to Urban Solid Wastes Production:Implications for a Better Management and Disposal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第8期10卷 1072-1084页

作者： otoniel buenrostro delgado Maria del Consuelo Hernandez Berriel Ivan Yassmany Hernandez Paniagua Maria del Consuelo Manon Salas Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMexico Sociedad Mexicana de Ciencia y Tecnologia Aplicada a los Residuos Solidos A.C.(SOMERS)Ciudad de MexicoMexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico Instituto Tecnologico de TolucaDivision de Estudios de Posgrado e InvestigacionMetepecMexico CONACYT-Consorcio CENTROMET QueretaroMexico

Households are the sources contributing the most to the production of urban solid wastes in developing countries. The present study analyses the generation of domestic solid wastes in a settlement in Mexico in two different years. The goals were to compare composition and rates of generation into the periods to assess changes and the influence of socioeconomic variables. In 1998 and 2004, wastes from households were sampled of three socioeconomic levels randomly selected, and a survey was applied. Data obtained were analyzed with descriptive and multivariate analysis. Results of generation rate and composition of domestic solid wastes showed a negative correlation between generation and income in the first one, but positive in the second one;in both, composition did not show correlation. Rates of per capita generation, per household, population and density of inhabitants per dwelling increased, and the generation of wastes were more with respect to population growth, which emphasizes the influence of economic and demographic variables. This study corroborates that households are the principal sources of urban solid wastes and it is emphasized that management strategies must preponderate households to be successful. In addition, this information is important to establish strategies for an integral management of urban solid wastes in developing countries.

关键词： Waste Dwellings Management Recycling Survey

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Effect of Solid Wastes Composition and Confinement Time on Methane Production in a Dump

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第10期2卷 1310-1316页

作者： Carlos González otoniel buenrostro Liliana Marquez Consuelo Hernández Edgar Moreno Fabián Robles 不详

In developing countries, illegal dump structures or even some landfills do not include methane collecting systems, even if local environmental laws exist. In this condition, the greenhouse gas escapes to the atmosphere uncontrolled and practical solutions to tackle this problem are not obvious. To make a solution approachable, first-hand reliable data from dump emissions are required as starting point. The methane production is not homogeneous throughout the dump, therefore to estimate its global methane emissions, various representative gas monitoring sites distributed along the dump becomes necessary. This research work presents the measures of biogas emissions collected in the final disposal site located at Morelia (Mexico), along with an evaluation of the organic fraction and confinement time participation on biogas production. Biogas emission data were taken with a portable analyzer from 49 ventilation pipes for 52 weeks. For the composition and degradability analysis of solid wastes, the required samples have been collected from 16 sites. The results show a heterogeneous composition of solid wastes: 38 separate components are present, from those, 19 belong to organic categories and 28 of total components accounts for almost 99% of the waste. The mean biogas concentration detected was: 45.5% CH4, 32.4% CO2, 3.1% O2, and 18.9% balance gas (i.e., N2, CO or H2S). The ANOVA procedure clearly corroborated the influence of composition, biodegradability and time of confinement of solid wastes on the production of methane, despite the deficiencies in the final soil layer cover in these sites.

关键词： Mexico Biodegradability Emissions Biogas Methane

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