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Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. Elloué Nestor Engone sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses otomo pa.ric.s voua Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth system Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana school of Community Health sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.s. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for scientific Excellence and the pan-African Mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development pan-African funding initiatives

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Reproduction and biomarker responses of Eisenia fetida after exposure to imidacloprid in biochar-amended soil

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 615-624页

作者： Ngitheni Winnie-Kate Nyoka Ozekeke Ogbeide pa.ric.s voua otomo Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaFree StateRepublic of South Africa Afromontane Research Unit PhuthaditjhabaFree StateRepublic of South Africa

Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are increasingly threatened by pesticide pollution resulting from extensive use of pes-ticides,and due to the lack of regulatory measures in the developing world,there is a need for affordable means to lessen environmental *** study aimed to investigate the impact of biochar amendment on the toxicity of imidacloprid to life-cycle parameters and biomarker responses of the earthworm Eisenia *** was exposed to 10%biochar-amended and non-amended OECD artificial soils spiked with 0,0.75,1.5,2.25 and 3 mg imidacloprid/kg for 28 *** LC50 of 2.7 mg/kg was only computed in the non-amended soil but not in the biochar-amended soil due to insignificant *** EC50 calculated in the non-amended soil(0.92 mg/kg)for reproduction(fertility)was lower than the one computed in the biochar amended(0.98 mg/kg),indicating a decrease in toxicity in the biochar-amended *** weight loss was observed at the two highest imidacloprid treatments in the non-amended soil and only at the highest treatment in the biochar-amended substrate,further highlighting the beneficial effects of *** activity decreased significantly at the two highest concentrations of non-amended ***,in the amended soil,the activity remained high,especially in the highest concentration,where it was significantly higher than the *** indicated more severe oxidative stress in the absence of *** all non-amended treatments,there was a significant acetylcholinesterase inhibition,while lower inhibition percentages were observed in the biochar-amended *** most endpoints,the addition of biochar alleviated the toxic effects of imidacloprid,which shows that biochar has the potential to be useful in soil ***,there is still a need for field studies to identify the most effective application rate of biochar for land application.

关键词： Biochar Earthworms Insecticide Neonicotinoids soil remediation

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Habitat components and population density drive plant litter consumption by Eudrilus eugeniae(Oligochaeta)under tropical conditions

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 255-269页

作者： Michel Mathurin KAMDEM Albert NGAKOU Nicolas YANOU NJINTANG pa.ric.s voua otomo Department of Zoology&Entomology University of the Free State–QwaQwa CampusPhuthaditjhabaRepublic of South Africa Department of Biological sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of NgaoundereNgaoundereRepublic of Cameroon

The ingestion of organic and mineral materials by earthworms is a prominent functional role that has profound consequences for the decomposition and stabilization of soil organic *** investigate the litter consumption of the African nightcrawler earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae under different tropical conditions,we used DNA barcoding to identify specimens of *** collected from sites across the Adamawa region in Cameroon,and studied the influence of habitat suitability(soil properties),soil moisture,litter type,and population density on litter consumption.A total of four litter consumption experiments were carried out using soils collected from refuse disposal sites,agricultural lands,and savannahs dominated by the Mexican sunflower Tithonia *** results revealed that litter consumption significantly increased in the refuse disposal and agricultural soils as opposed to the Mexican sunflower(***)soil,a cow dung enriched substrate,and a sterile soil horizon from the savannah(Pstures for litter consumption were between 24%and 50%.Litter type did not affect the consumption rate of the earthworms(P>0.05).We observed a general positive density-dependent consumption with litter mass loss increasing with increasing *** results suggest that *** has a strong direct effect on the decomposition of plant materials than expected from previous estimations,and that litter consumption rates are determined by several habitat components and population density.

关键词： consumption rate DNA barcoding Eudrilus eugeniae habitat suitability tropical area

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