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Stemona species - a source of potent bioactive products

Stemona species - a source of potent bioactive products

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The 3～(rd) International Conference on Natural Products :Natural Products -a Must for Human Survival ABSTRACTS

作者： Harald Greger Brigitte Brem Thomas Pacher otmar hofer Comparative Phytochemistry Department Institute of Botany University of Vienna Rennweg 14 A-1030 Vienna Austria Comparative Phytochemistry Department Institute of Botany University of Vienna Rennweg 14 A-1030 Vienna Austria Comparative Phytochemistry Department Institute of Botany University of Vienna Rennweg 14 A-1030 Vienna Austria Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Vienna Whringerstrasse 38 A-1090 Vienna Austria

In spite of the wide use of Stemona species (Stemonaceae) as medicinal plants and naturally occurring pesticides improperly identified plant material has led to considerable confusions in chemical literature. Based on well documented plant material from natural habitats broad-based phytochemical comparisons linked with various bioassays inform now about the distribution of characteristic secondary metabolites as well as their biological activities. Different types of pyrrolo[l,2-a]azepine derived alkaloids (Brem et al., 2002;Kaltenegger et al., 2003;Seger et al., 2004), stilbenoids (Pacher et al., 2002;Kostecki et al., 2004), and dehydrotocopherols (Brem et al., 2004) contribute to a species grouping which is well in line with more recent data from DNA sequencing (Pfosser et al., in prep.)Whereas the pronounced insecticidal activities of some species could exclusively be attributed to the formation of alkaloids, the fungitoxic properties were caused by different stilbenoids. The antioxidant capacities of four new dehydrotocopherols (chromenols), e.g. (1), were comparable with that of a-tocopherol (vitamin E). Various bioassays with larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) exhibited very high insect toxicity for the roots of S. collinsae, S. curtisii, and S. cochinchinensis, containing stemofoline-type alkaloids (2), whereas species from the S. tuberosa group, with dominating tuberostemonine (3)- or croomine-type derivatives (4), respectively, showed low toxicity but sometimes remarkable repellency. Four different types of stilbenoids, stilbenes, dihydrostilbenes, phenylbenzofurans (5), and dihydrophenanthrenes, displayed different antifungal activities from which some major compounds could only be detected as induced phytoalexins after fungal infection. Some stilbenoids from S. collinsae and S. cf. pierrei showed notably higher inhibitory effects on leucotriene metabolism than the commercial specific 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton (Adams et al., 2

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