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Lightning Changes in Response to Global Warming in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

American Journal of Climate Change 2020年第3期9卷 266-273页

作者： osmar pinto jr. Iara R. C. A. pinto Brazilian Institute of Space Research (INPE) S. J. dos Campos Brazil

Physical concepts based on the Clausius-Clapeyron relation and on the thermodynamics and aerosol characteristics associated with updrafts, global climate models assuming different parametrizations and lightning-related output variables, and lightning-related data (thunderstorm days) are being used to infer the lightning incidence in a warmer planet, motivated by the global warming observed. In all cases, there are many gaps to be overcome making the lightning response to the global temperature increase still unpredicted. Values from almost 0% (no increase) to 100% have been estimated, being 10% the most common value. While the physical concepts address only part of the problem and the global climate models need to make many simple assumptions, lightning-relate data have strong time and space limitations. In this context, any new evidence should be considered as an important contribution to better understand how will be the lightning incidence in the future. In this article, we described new results about the occurrence of thunderstorms from 1850 to 2010 (a period of 160 years) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in the Southeast of Brazil. During this period thunderstorm days were recorded in the same location, making this time series one of the longest series of this type available worldwide. The data support an increase of 21% in the mean annual thunderstorm days during the period, while surface temperature increased by 0.6

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Lightning Enhancement in the Amazon Region Due to Urban Activity

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American Journal of Climate Change 2013年第4期2卷 270-274页

作者： osmar pinto jr. Iara Regina Cardoso de Almeida pinto osmar P. Neto Atmospheric Electricity Group Earth System Science Center National Institute of Space Research S. J. Campos Brazil Camilo Castelo Branco University (Unicastelo) S. J. Campos Brazil

Urbanization has an increasing contribution to anthropogenic climate forcing. The impact arises mainly from the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and aerosol anthropogenic emissions. An important but not completely understood consequence of this forcing is its effect on local lightning activity. Changes in lightning activity may result in a feedback on the climate system. In this article, it investigates changes in the lightning activity in the city of Manaus, located in the Amazon region of Brazil. It is found that, over the city, the lightning activity is larger than in the regions around it and it has been increasing in the last four decades simultaneously with the increasing of its urban area. Our results suggest that such changes are caused by the UHI effect. The observations reported here are unique and relevant because Manaus is located in the central part of the Amazon rainforest and inside one of the three global lightning chimneys in the world.

关键词： Lightning Urban Effects Amazon Region

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Maize heat shock proteins-prospection,validation,categorization and in silico analysis of the different ZmHSP families

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 403-423页

作者： Rubens Diogo-jr. Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho Renan Terassi pinto Lingrui Zhang Jorge Alberto Condori-Apfata Paula Andrade Pereira Danielle Rezende Vilela Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN(47907)USA Department of Agriculture Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)LavrasMG(37200-900)Brazil Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences at Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo(USP)Ribeirao PretoSP(14040-901)Brazil Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza de Amazonas(UNTRM)ChachapoyasAM(01001)Peru

Among the plant molecular mechanisms capable of effectively mitigating the effects of adverse weather conditions,the heat shock proteins(HSPs),a group of chaperones with multiple functions,stand *** a time of full progress on the omic sciences,they look very promising in the genetic engineering field,especially in order to conceive superior genotypes,potentially tolerant to abiotic stresses(AbSts).Recently,some works concerning certain families of maize HSPs(ZmHSPs)were ***,there was still a lack of a study that,with a high degree of criteria,would fully conglomerate *** distinct but complementary strategies,we have prospected as many ZmHSPs candidates as possible,gathering more than a thousand *** detailed data mining,we accounted for 182 validated ones,belonging to seven families,which were subcategorized into classes with potential for functional *** them,we identified dozens of motifs with some degree of similarity with proteins from different kingdoms,which may help explain some of their still poorly understood means of *** in silico and in vitro approaches,we compared their expression levels after controlled exposure to several AbSts’sources,applied at diverse tissues,on varied phenological *** on gene ontology concepts,we still analyzed them from different perspectives of term *** have also searched,in model plants and close species,for potentially orthologous *** all these new insights,which culminated in a plentiful supplementary material,rich in tables,we aim to constitute a fertile consultation source for those maize researchers attracted by these interesting stress proteins.

关键词： Biotechnology Genomics Corn Stress Drought Compendium

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Dual-Delay-Path Ring Oscillator with Self-Biased Delay Cells for Clock Generation

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Circuits and Systems 2023年第6期14卷 19-28页

作者： Agord de Matos pinto jr.Raphael Ronald Noal Souza Mateus Biancarde Castro Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima Leandro Tiago Manêra School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FEEC) University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Eldorado Research Institute Campinas Brazil

This work summarizes the structure and operating features of a high-performance 3-stage dual-delay-path (DDP) voltage-controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) with self-biased delay cells for Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) structurebased clock generation and digital system driving. For a voltage supply VDD = 1.8 V, the resulting set of performance parameters include power consumption PDC = 4.68 mW and phase noise PN@1MHz = -107.8 dBc/Hz. From the trade-off involving PDC and PN, a system level high performance is obtained considering a reference figure-of-merit ( FoM = -224 dBc/Hz ). Implemented at schematic level by applying CMOS-based technology (UMC L180), the proposed VCRO was designed at Cadence environment and optimized at MunEDA WiCkeD tool.

关键词： Phase Locked Loop (PLL) Voltage-Controlled Ring Oscillators (VCRO) Dual-Delay-Path DDP Delay Cells

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环境湿度对铸铝合金超声疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响研究

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中国机械工程 2016年第17期27卷 2396-2401页

作者：李文凯崔海涛温卫东苏旭明 C C Engler-pinto jr 南京航空航天大学江苏省航空动力系统重点实验室南京210016 北美福特汽车研究与创新中心迪尔伯恩密歇根州美国48121

针对铸铝合金A356-T6开展了不同环境湿度下的超声疲劳裂纹扩展试验和实验室环境湿度下的常规疲劳裂纹扩展试验。由试验结果可知,超声疲劳在干空气环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最低,而在蒸馏水环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最高。常规疲劳在实... 详细信息

针对铸铝合金A356-T6开展了不同环境湿度下的超声疲劳裂纹扩展试验和实验室环境湿度下的常规疲劳裂纹扩展试验。由试验结果可知,超声疲劳在干空气环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最低,而在蒸馏水环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最高。常规疲劳在实验室环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率和超声疲劳在蒸馏水环境中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率几乎一致。针对Wei建立的环境湿度对铝合金材料疲劳裂纹扩展速率预测模型进行了修正,得到了铸铝合金A356-T6在任意环境湿度和试验频率下的疲劳裂纹扩展速率预测模型。

关键词：铸铝合金超声疲劳裂纹扩展环境湿度

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Climatic Projections of Lightning in Southeastern Brazil Using CMIP5 Models in RCP’s Scenarios 4.5 and 8.5

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第3期6卷 539-553页

作者： Ana Paula Paes dos Santos osmar pinto Júnior Sérgio Rodrigo Quadros dos Santos Francisco José Lopes de Lima Everaldo Barreiros de Souza André Arruda Rodrigues de Morais Eldo E. ávila Analía Pedernera National Institute for Space Research (INPE) S&atilde o José dos Campos Brazil Vale Institute of Technology (ITV) Belém Brazil National University of Cordoba (UNC) Córdoba Argentina

Given the high and increasing lightning incidence over the Southeast of Brazil and the various impacts that this phenomenon generates to society, there is a growing need in predicting its occurrence, in order to minimize its consequences. In this context, this work presents the development of a methodology for the projection of lightning in the State of S?o Paulo (Southeastern Brazil), using the HadGEM2-ES and CSIRO-Mk3.6 models in two IPCC climate change scenarios: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Since lightning is not an output variable of climate models, tests were carried out to evaluate the relationship between the observed data of oceanic and atmospheric fields, which are known as outputs of the models, and the lightning from the RINDAT and BrasilDAT detection networks. As result, a correlation of 0.84 was obtained. In the projections, it was verified that, while during a large portion of the current climate we observed events of lightning below the average, the future climate reveals the preponderance of anomalously above average events, both in the scenario of intermediate-low emissions (RCP4.5) and in the scenario of high emissions (RCP8.5), suggesting a change in the pattern of the lightning incidence in the State of S?o Paulo.

关键词： Lightning Climatic Projections Southeastern Brazil

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Histopathological Analysis about Autopsies from HIV/AIDS Patients—About Two Decades of Research Comparing Results before and after Antiretroviral Therapy Advent

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第3期3卷 207-215页

作者： Aline Domingos pinto Ruppert Alexandre de Matos Soeiro Maria Carolina Fde Almeida Vera Luiza Capelozzi Carlos VSerrano jr Department of Pathology University of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao PauloBrazil Heart Institute University of Sao Paulo Medical SchoolSao PauloBrazil

Objectives: This study considers 489 autopsies of HIV/AIDS patients who died from acute respiratory failure and describes the demographic data, etiology, and histological pulmonary findings of HIV associated diseases, comparing results before and after introduction of antiretroviral therapy. Methods: The following data were obtained: age, sex, and major associated diseases (found at the autopsy). Pulmonary histopathology was categorized as: diffuse alveolar damage;pulmonary edema;alveolar hemorrhage;and acute interstitial pneumonia. Odds ratio of the HIV/AIDS-associated diseases developing a specific histopathological pattern was determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 355 men were studied. The mean age was 37 years old. Bronchopneumonia presented in 43% and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in 38% of patients. Pulmonary histopathology showed diffuse alveolar damage in 31% and acute interstitial pneumonia in 23%. The multivariate analysis showed a significant and positive association between diffuse alveolar damage with disseminated tuberculosis, cirrhosis and sepsis;and acute interstitial pneumonia with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and cytomegalovirosis. After the introduction of antiretroviral therapy we observed an increase in the prevalence of bacterial bronchopneumonia, sepsis and cirrhosis;and a decrease in Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and cytomegalovirosis. Conclusions: Coherent to literature, this study showed a decrease of respiratory failure mortality associated with some opportunistic infections after antiretroviral therapy introduction. But an increased prevalence of sepsis, bronchopneumonia and sepsis was observed too. The most prevalent pulmonary histopathological pattern was diffuse alveolar damage, which suggested a positive association with disseminated tuberculosis, sepsis and cirrhosis.

关键词： AIDS Acute Respiratory Failure Pathology

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N末端脑利钠肽前体处于中间浓度对急性心力衰竭诊断和预后的作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 22-23页

作者： van Kimmenade R.R.J. pinto Y.M. Bayes-Genis A. J.L. Januzzi jr. 雷聪 Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMAUnited States Dr.

Age-stratified cutpoints for aminoterminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-pro-BNP) concentrations are diagnostic in 83%of all subjects with acute dyspnea. This study analyzed subjects with NT-pro-BNP concentrations between the “rule-out”and “rule-in”cutpoints, the so-called natriuretic peptide gray zone. NT-pro-BNP concentrations, clinical characteristics, and 60-day mortality were studied in 1,256 acutely dyspneic patients from an international multicenter study. Of all subjects, 215 had gray-zone NT-pro-BNP concentrations, 116 of whom(54%) were diagnosed with heart failure(HF). Among these subjects, patients with HF were more likely to be older, to have a history of HF, to be in atrial fibrillation, and to have elevated troponin T concentrations compared with those without HF. In multivariate analysis, the use of loop diuretics on presentation(odds ratio[OR] 3.99, 95%confidence interval[CI] 1.58 to 10.1, p=0.003), paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea(OR 4.50, 95%CI 1.31 to 15.4, p=0.02), jugular venous distention(OR 3.05, 95%CI 1.06 to 8.79, p=0.04), and the absence of cough(OR 0.18, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.52, p=0.001) were associated with a diagnosis of acute HF in gray-zone patients. Subjects with HF and diagnostically elevated NT-pro-BNP concentrations had the highest mortality rates, subjects without HF and NT-pro-BNP concentrations< 300 ng/L had the lowest mortality rates, and subjects with gray-zone NT-pro-BNP had intermediate outcomes, irrespective of their final diagnoses. Adding specific clinical information to NT-pro-BNP improves diagnostic accuracy in subjects with intermediate NT-pro-BNP concentrations. Mortality rates in subjects with intermediate NT-pro-BNP concentrations are lower than in those with NT-pro-BNP concentrations diagnostic for HF but are higher than in subjects with NT-pro-BNP concentrations less than the gray zone.

关键词：脑利钠肽前体患者死亡率急性呼吸困难预后

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Detection of Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones in Brazil:A national survey

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第33期22卷 7587-7594页

作者： Bruno Squarcio Sanches Gustavo Miranda Martins Karine Lima Bianca Cota Luciana Dias Moretzsohn Laercio Tenorio Ribeiro Helenice P Breyer Ismael Maguilnik Aline Bessa Maia Joffre Rezende-Filho Ana Carolina Meira Henrique pinto Edson Alves Ramiro Mascarenhas Raissa Passos Julia Duarte de Souza osmar Reni Trindade Luiz Gonzaga Coelho Instituto Alfa de Gastroenterologia Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Unigastro e Clínica Santa Fé Hospital de Clínicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Fundacao Hospital Adriano Jorge Hospital das Clínicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Hospital Geral Roberto Santos

AIM To evaluate bacterial resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones in Brazil using molecular *** The primary antibiotic resistance rates of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) were determined from November 2012 to March 2015 in the Southern,South-Eastern,Northern,North-Eastern,and Central-Western regions of Brazil. Four hundred ninety H. pylori patients [66% female,mean age 43 years(range: 18-79)] who had never been previously treated for this infection were enrolled. All patients underwent gastroscopy with antrum and corpus biopsies and molecular testing using Geno Type Helico DR(Hain Life Science,Germany). This test was performed to detect the presence of H. pylori and to identify point mutations in the genes responsible for clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance. The molecular procedure was divided into three steps: DNA extraction from the biopsies,multiplex amplification,and reverse hybridization. RESULTS Clarithromycin resistance was found in 83(16.9%) patients,and fluoroquinolone resistance was found in 66(13.5%) patients. There was no statistical difference in resistance to either clarithromycin or fluoroquinolones(P = 0.55 and P = 0.06,respectively) among the different regions of Brazil. Dual resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones was found in 4.3%(21/490) of patients. The A2147 G mutation was present in 90.4%(75/83),A2146 G in 16.9%(14/83) and A2146 C in 3.6%(3/83) of clarithromycin-resistant patients. In 10.8%(9/83) of clarithromycin-resistant samples,more than 01 mutation in the 23 S r RNA gene was noticed. In fluoroquinolone-resistant samples,37.9%(25/66) showed mutations not specified by the Geno Type Helico DR test. D91 N mutation was observed in 34.8%(23/66),D91 G in 18.1%(12/66),N87 K in 16.6%(11/66) and D91 Y in 13.6%(9/66) of cases. Among fluoroquinolone-resistant samples,37.9%(25/66) showed mutations not specified by the Geno Type Helico DR test. CONCLUSION The H. pylori clarithromycin resistance rate in Brazil is

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Microbial drug resistance Clarithromycin Fluoroquinolones Molecular diagnostic techniques

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