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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé Maria A.lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTr pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Coarse to Fine: The role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Comprehensive review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana r Mihajlović Bojan I Međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko r Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National Institute of the republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

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Emerging potential of progranulin-dependent SorCS2 signaling in healthy and diseased nervous systems

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2591-2593页

作者： Alena Salasova Anders Nykjær Danish research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDrITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine and Centre of Excellence PROMEMODepartment of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

The formation of the mammalian nervous system and its maturation into sensory,motor,cognitive,and behavioral circuits is a complex process that begins during early embryogenesis and lasts until young *** neurodevelopm... 详细信息

关键词： progr jointly CS2

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Security Strategy of Digital Medical Contents Based on Blockchain in Generative AI Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 259-278页

作者： Hoon Ko Marek r.Ogiela Division of Computer Science and Engineering Sunmoon UniversityAsan31460Republic of Korea AGH University of Krakow Cryptography and Cognitive Informatics LaboratoryKrakow30-059Poland

This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain *** combining the strengths of blockchain and generative AI,the research team aimed to address the timely challenge of safeguarding visual medical *** participating researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis,examining the vulnerabilities of medical AI services,personal information protection issues,and overall security *** multi faceted exploration led to an indepth evaluation of the model’s performance and ***,the correlation between accuracy,detection rate,and error rate was *** analysis revealed insights into the model’s strengths and limitations,while the consideration of standard deviation shed light on the model’s stability and performance *** study proposed practical improvements,emphasizing the reduction of false negatives to enhance detection rate and leveraging blockchain technology to ensure visual data integrity in medical *** blockchain to generative AI-created medical content addresses key personal information protection *** utilizing the distributed ledger system of blockchain,the research team aimed to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data especially medical *** approach not only enhances security but also enables transparent and tamperproof ***,the use of generative AI models ensures the creation of novel medical content without compromising personal information,further safeguarding patient *** conclusion,this study showcases the potential of blockchain-based solutions in the medical field,particularly in securing sensitive medical data and protecting patient *** proposed approach,combining blockchain and generative AI,offers a promising direction toward more robust and secure medical content *** research and advancements

关键词： Digitalmedical content medical diagnostic visualization security analysis generativeAI blockchain vulnerability pattern recognition

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Antisense oligonucleotides provide optimism to the therapeutic landscape for tauopathies

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第3期20卷 803-804页

作者： Glenn A.Harris Lauren r.Hirschfeld rainwater Charitable Foundation Fort WorthTXUSA

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal metabolism of the misfolded tau protein. Tau is encoded by the microtubule-associated protein tau gene(MAPT) and can be classified as either 3-repeat(3r) or 4-repeat(4r) based on the number of repeat domains from alternative splicing of exon 10 of the MAPT gene.

关键词： tau metabolism diseases

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Cost-effectiveness of lutetium(^177Lu)oxodotreotide vs everolimus in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in Norway and Sweden

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第20期8卷 4793-4806页

作者： Jayne Palmer oscar r Leeuwenkamp Ossian Health Economics and Communications Basel 4051Switzerland Advanced Accelerator Applications Geneva 1204Switzerland

BACKGrOUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs)represent a relatively rare and heterogenous group of *** available treatment options for patients with progressive GEP-NETs include lutetium(177 Lu)oxodotreotide(177 LuDotatate)and everolimus[as well as sunitinib for patients with pancreatic NETs(P-NETs)].AIM To perform a health economic analysis to determine the cost-effectiveness of 177 LuDotatate compared with everolimus in patients with unresectable or metastatic midgut-NETs or P-NETs in both Sweden and *** Simulations were performed using a three-state partitioned survival model and analyses were performed separately for patients with midgut-NETs and *** input data were sourced from an indirect comparison that utilized survival data from clinical trials of 177 Lu-Dotatate and *** analyses were performed from the healthcare payer perspective over a time horizon of 20 *** Sweden,future costs and clinical outcomes were discounted at 3%per *** Norway,a discount rate of 4%per annum was *** For Sweden,improved survival outcomes and higher lifetime costs with 177 LuDotatate resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICEr)of SEK 391194 per quality-adjusted life year(QALY)gained for midgut NETs and SEK 16764 per QALY gained for P-NETs for 177 Lu-Dotatate compared with *** Norway,the corresponding ICErs were NOK 244444 per QALY gained and NOK 106451 per QALY gained,***-way sensitivity analyses revealed that the results were most sensitive to changes in drug acquisition costs and health state utility *** In both Sweden and Norway,from a healthcare provider perspective,177 LuDotatate is likely to be considered cost-effective relative to everolimus for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic,progressive midgut-NETs or P-NETs.

关键词： Cost Cost-effectiveness Neuroendocrine tumors 177Lu-Dotatate Sweden Norway

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Machine Learning Techniques in Predicting Hot Deformation Behavior of Metallic Materials

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 713-732页

作者： Petr Opela Josef Walek Jaromír Kopecek Department of Metallurgical Technologies Faculty of Materials Science and TechnologyVSB–Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic FZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague18200Czech Republic

In engineering practice,it is often necessary to determine functional relationships between dependent and independent *** relationships can be highly nonlinear,and classical regression approaches cannot always provide sufficiently reliable ***,Machine Learning(ML)techniques,which offer advanced regression tools to address complicated engineering issues,have been developed and widely *** study investigates the selected ML techniques to evaluate their suitability for application in the hot deformation behavior of metallic *** ML-based regression methods of Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree regression(DTr),and Gaussian Process regression(GPr)are applied to mathematically describe hot flow stress curve datasets acquired experimentally for a medium-carbon *** the GPr method has not been used for such a regression task before,the results showed that its performance is the most favorable and practically unrivaled;neither the ANN method nor the other studied ML techniques provide such precise results of the solved regression analysis.

关键词： Machine learning Gaussian process regression artificial neural networks support vector machine hot deformation behavior

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破碎化景观格局中热带干旱森林的结构、多样性与保护价值

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第1期16卷 163-176页

作者： oscar.r.lanuza Fernando Casanoves Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza Josep Maria Espelta Josep Peñuelas Guille Peguero Facultad regional Multidisciplinaria Estelí Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua(UNAN Managua/FAREM Estelí)49EstelíNicaragua CrEAF E08193 BellaterraCerdanyola del VallèsSpain Global Ecology Unit CSICCREAF‐CSIC‐UAB08193 BellaterraCataloniaSpain CATIE-Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza 30501TurrialbaCosta RicaSpain Departament de Biologia Animal Biologia Vegetal i EcologiaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain

尽管热带干旱森林是世界上退化和破碎化程度最严重的生物群落之一,但我们对它们的基本生态特征和保护状况仍然知之甚少,尤其是在新热带地区。在本研究中,我们对尼加拉瓜破碎化景观格局中的热带干旱森林的多样性、组成、结构和保护价值... 详细信息

尽管热带干旱森林是世界上退化和破碎化程度最严重的生物群落之一,但我们对它们的基本生态特征和保护状况仍然知之甚少,尤其是在新热带地区。在本研究中,我们对尼加拉瓜破碎化景观格局中的热带干旱森林的多样性、组成、结构和保护价值进行了评估。我们在河流廊道、次生林、绿篱和林间牧地之中和沿线地区建立了31处样地和样带。我们使用希尔数(Hill number)对胸高处直径≥2.5 cm的所有树木进行了记录,并对每种森林类型中树木的丰富性和多样性进行了估算,接着计算了种级分类和科级分类上的重要值指数(Importance Value Index,IVI),最后则使用Bray-Curtis相似性指数进行了非度量多维标度(Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling,NMDS)排序和相似性分析(Analysis of Similarities,ANOSIM)。不同森林类型之间在多样性上存在差异,但物种丰富度却不存在差异。豆科植物的IVI值最高,其次是桑科植物和锦葵科植物。Vachellia pennatula、Guazuma ulmifolia和Bursera simaruba的IVI值都>30%,其中前两种是所有森林类型中最为丰富的树木。对群落的相似性进行分析后可知每种森林类型都有着不同的组成,从而凸显了对所有这些不同类型的土地覆盖开展保护的重要性。

关键词：豆科植物破碎化希尔数(Hill number) 重要值指数河流廊道热带干旱森林

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Epistatic interactions between pterin and carotenoid genes modulate intra-morph color variation in a lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 44-53页

作者： Prem AGUILAr Pedro ANDrADE Guillem PÉrEZ I DE lanuza CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal Ethology Lab Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia EvolutivaUniversitat de ValènciaValènciaSpain

Color polymorphisms have become a major topic in evolutionary biology and substantial efforts have been devoted to the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for originating such colorful ***-morph continuous variation,on the other hand,has been neglected in most of the ***,we combine spectrophotometric/visual modeling and genetic data to study the mechanisms promoting continuous variation within categorical color morphs of Podarcis *** results suggest that intra-morph variability in the pterin-based orange morph is greater compared to white and yellow *** also show that continuous variation within the orange morph is partially discriminable by *** results indicate that allelic variants at the BCO2 locus(responsible for deposition of yellow carotenoids)contribute to generate continuous variation in orange ***,other intrinsic and/or extrinsic mechanisms,such as body size,might be involved,opening a new avenue for future research on the drivers of continuous variation within-morphs.

关键词： BCO2 color polymorphism continuous variation lizard Podarcis muralis

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.r.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.r.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by robertson and río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus rNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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