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Plasma Citr.lline Concentr.tions in Neonates and Infants with or.without Gastr.intestinal Disease and Bowel r.section

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2016年第12期7卷 1063-1069页

作者： oscar r. herrera Michael C. Stor. r.char. A. Helms Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acy University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA State of Tennessee Center.of Excellence in Pediatr.c Phar.acokinetics and Ther.peutics Memphis TN USA Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA

Var.ous studies have shown a r.le for.citr.lline as a gut mass biomar.er.in patients with shor. bowel syndr.me. Our.hypothesis is that plasma citr.lline is both a gastr.intestinal (GI) function and a gut mass mar.er. Our.objective was to validate pr.vious obser.ations, by pr.spectively analyzing plasma citr.lline concentr.tions in patients with GI disease with or.without bowel r.section, compar.d to patients without GI disease. Plasma fr.m blood samples of par.nter.l nutr.tion fed neonates and infants was obtained. Samples wer. analyzed by ion-exchange chr.matogr.phy. Data collected included age, diagnoses and sur.ical documentation of bowel r.section. Patients wer. classified into 3 main gr.ups: those without GI disease nor.r.section (Gr.up 1), those with GI disease but no r.section (Gr.up 2), and those with GI disease and r.section (Gr.up 3). Gr.up medians wer. compar.d using Kr.skal-Wallis ANOVA. Seventeen samples wer. evaluated. Patients in Gr.up 3 wer. older.compar.d to patients in Gr.ups 1 and 2;median age (in days) 156 vs. 12 vs. 57 r.spectively. Median (r.nge) plasma citr.lline concentr.tions wer. 20.9 (14.9 - 29.0) μmol/L, 8.7 (0.5 - 20.0) μmol/L and 9.6 (5.9 - 13.2) μmol/L for.Gr.ups 1, 2 and 3 r.spectively. Ther. wer. significant differ.nces among medians and sample distr.butions between Gr.ups 1 and 2 and between 1 and 3 (p r.nces wer. obser.ed between Gr.ups 2 and 3. Patients without GI disease and no r.section had significantly higher.plasma citr.lline concentr.tions than patients with GI disease with or.without r.section at the time of assessment.

关键词： Plasma Citr.lline Gastr.intestinal Function Biomar.er Neonates Infants Par.nter.l Nutr.tion

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Emer.ence of New Injectable Lipid Emulsions in the USA: Guidance for.Pediatr.c Clinicians

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2019年第7期10卷 823-833页

作者： oscar r. herrera Lisa A. Caviness r.char. A. Helms Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acy and Tr.nslational Science University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA State of Tennessee Center.for.Pediatr.c Exper.mental Ther.peutics Memphis TN USA Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA

With the advent of new, par.icular.y mixed-oil lipid emulsions appr.ved by the United States Food & Dr.g Administr.tion (FDA), clinicians have mor. options when choosing one as par. of the par.nter.l nutr.tion suppor. of patients. Lipid pr.ducts long-standing availability in Eur.pe and other.par.s of the wor.d has cer.ainly facilitated the pr.cess in the United States, wher. ther. was little evolution befor. 2014. These newer.oil-based emulsions ar. finding their.way to be used in pediatr.cs, as studies ar. being car.ied out that will r.sult in pediatr.c labeling. Pediatr.c clinicians may find themselves wonder.ng how these lipid emulsions ar. differ.nt fr.m those that have come befor.;whether.the same dosing or.administr.tion pr.ctices apply as with the tr.ditional soybean-oil lipid emulsion, and if they can be used for.other.mor. emer.ent inter.entions. We pr.sent this r.view of the cur.ent lipid emulsions available in the U.S. mar.et, highlighting the differ.nces among them, as well as, pr.viding some pr.ctical infor.ation for.clinicians that can assist them in their.day-to-day duties.

关键词： Lipid Emulsions Fatty Acids Par.nter.l Nutr.tion Pediatr.cs

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Cysteine Supplementation to Par.nter.l Nutr.tion Impr.ves r.d Blood Cell Glutathione Concentr.tions of Cr.tically Ill Pr.ter. Neonates

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2018年第5期9卷 619-631页

作者： oscar r. herrera Michael C. Stor. Emma M. Tillman r.char. A. Helms Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acy and Tr.nslational Science University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis USA State of Tennessee Center.for.Pediatr.c Exper.mental Ther.peutics Memphis USA Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis USA

Pr.matur. neonates have immatur. antioxidant enzyme systems r.nder.ng them mor. susceptible to oxidative injur.. One key antioxidant is glutathione (GSH). The r.te limiting amino acid (AA) in GSH pr.duction is thought to be cysteine. Cr.tically ill pr.matur. neonates who ar. par.nter.lly fed ar. often supplemented with additional cysteine, yet the need for.cysteine and optimal dose is unknown. This was a pr.spective, un-blinded, thr.e-gr.up, r.ndomized cr.ssover.study aimed to evaluate thr.e doses of cysteine by analyzing r.d blood cell (r.C) GSH, plasma AA, weight, and nitr.gen balance. Neonates wer. r.ndomized to r.ceive 72 hour. of each of the following cysteine doses: 10 mg/g AA, 20 mg/g AA, and 40 mg/g AA. GSH, plasma AAs, weight, and nitr.gen balance wer. evaluated at baseline (after.72 hour. of 0 mg/g AA), day thr.e, day six, and day nine. Sixteen patients completed all doses of cysteine, which r.sulted in significantly incr.ased r.C GSH concentr.tions over.baseline. Plasma concentr.tions of cystine, total and fr.e cysteine/cystine, glycine and ser.ne incr.ased with cysteine dose. All cysteine doses wer. associated with adequate weight gain, and positive nitr.gen balance. These r.sults ar. contr.r. to mor. r.cent studies of cysteine effect on r.C GSH concentr.tions in pr.ter. neonates and infants, but may r.flect the sever.ty of illness in our.study subjects, wher. cysteine r.quir.ments may be incr.ased.

关键词： Cysteine Pr.tein Sulfur Amino Acid Pediatr.c Par.nter.l Nutr.tion Septic

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Incidence of Par.nter.l Nutr.tion-Associated Liver.Disease in Infants on Pr.longed Par.nter.l Nutr.tion with a Soybean-Based Lipid Emulsion: A 7-Year.Exper.ence

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Food and Nutr.tion Sciences 2020年第10期11卷 899-910页

作者： Cather.ne M. Cr.ll oscar r. herrera Lindsay H. Stuar. Michael L. Chr.stensen Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acy and Tr.nslational Science University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA Phar.acy Depar.ment Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital Memphis Tennessee USA Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA

Par.nter.l nutr.tion associated liver.disease (PNALD) is a significant complication in infants r.ceiving long-ter. par.nter.l nutr.tion (PN). Chr.nic administr.tion of PN has been associated with its development. Our.pur.ose is to char.cter.ze our.incidence of PNALD over.an extended per.od and identify r.sk factor. for.its development, including administr.tion of soybean-based injectable lipid emulsions (ILEs) as we tr.nsit to novel ILEs in our practice. Infants receiving 30 days or more of PN were included. PNALD was defined as a direct bilirubin ≥ 2 mg/dL. Data collected included: patient demographics, clinical and enteral feeding characteristics. Macronutrient intake was recorded using these cut-offs: glucose infusion rate (GIR) of ≤14 mg/kg/min or above, protein doses of ≤3 g/kg/day or above and lipid doses of ≤2 g/kg/day or above. A total of 349 infants were included, with an annual incidence of PNALD ranging between 34% - r.ana;">54%. Infants with PNALD wer. younger.by gestation (27 vs. 29.5 weeks) and smaller.by bir.hweight (900 vs. 1248 gr.ms). Sepsis, GI disease including necr.tizing enter.colitis and bowel r.section wer. significantly associated with an incr.ased r.sk for.development of PNALD. PNALD infants r.ceived lower.pr.tein doses (3.0 vs 3.3 g/kg/day, p = 0.014) while r.ceiving higher.GIr.(11.4 vs 10.7 mg/kg/min, p = 0.012) compar.d to non-PNALD infants. Low bir.h weight, sepsis and bowel r.section r.main str.ng indicator. of r.sk for.PNALD. No single macr.nutr.ent incr.ased our.infants’ r.sk for.PNALD. The use of newer.ILEs when available should be evaluated for.their.impact on PNALD development.

关键词： Par.nter.l Nutr.tion Infants Lipid Emulsions Liver.Disease Cholestasis

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A Sur.ey on Type-3 Fuzzy Logic Systems and Their.Contr.l Applications

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IEEE/CAA Jour.al of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1744-1756页

作者： oscar Castillo Fevr.er.Valdez Patr.cia Melin Weiping Ding Tijuana Institute of Technology/Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico Division of Graduate StudiesCalzada Tecnologico S/NTijuana 22414Mexico School of Infor.ation Science and Technology Nantong UniversityJiangsu 226019China

In this paper.we offer.a r.view of type-3 fuzzy logic systems and their.applications in *** main objective of this wor. is to obser.e and analyze in detail the applications in the contr.l ar.a using type-3 fuzzy logic *** this case,we r.view their.most impor.ant applications in contr.l and other.r.lated topics with type-3 fuzzy *** algor.thms have been r.ceiving incr.asing attention in contr.l and for.this r.ason a r.view in this ar.a is *** paper.r.views the main applications that make use of Intelligent Computing ***,type-3 fuzzy logic *** aim of this r.sear.h is to be able to appr.ciate,in detail,the applications in contr.l systems and to point out the scientific tr.nds in the use of Intelligent Computing *** is done with the constr.ction and visualization of bibliometr.c networ.s,developed with VosViewer.Softwar.,which it is a fr.e Java-based pr.gr.m,mainly intended to be used for.analyzing and visualizing bibliometr.c *** this tool,we can cr.ate maps of publications,author.,or.jour.als based on a co-citation networ. or.constr.ct maps of keywor.s,countr.es based on a co-occur.ence networ.s,r.sear.h gr.ups,etc.

关键词： Applications contr.l systems optimization r.view type-3 fuzzy logic.

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Impr.ving color.ctal cancer.scr.ening pr.gr.ms

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2024年第22期30卷 2849-2851页

作者： oscar J Cor.er. Lucia Mosquer.-Fer.eir. Ir.a Gomez-Tour.no Depar.ment of Biochemistr. and Molecular.Biology University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Centr. for.r.sear.h in Molecular.Medicine and Chr.nic Diseases(CiMUS) University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782GaliciaSpain

In this editor.al we comment on the ar.icle by Agatsuma et al published in the Wor.d Jour.al of *** suggest policies for.mor. effective color.ctal *** is the main policy that has led to lower.mor.ality r.tes in later.year. among the population that was eligible for.*** is the gold standar. tool for.scr.ening and has pr.ventive effects by r.moving pr.cancer.us or.ear.y malignant ***,colonoscopy is an invasive pr.cess,and fecal tests such as the cur.ent hemoglobin immunodetection wer. developed,followed by endoscopy,as the gener.l tool for.population scr.ening,avoiding logistical and economic *** so,par.icipation and adher.nce r.tes ar. *** scr.ening options ar. being developed with the idea that if people could choose between the ones that best suit them,par.icipation in population-based scr.ening pr.gr.ms would *** tests,such as a r.cent one that detects cell-fr.e DNA shed by tumor. called cir.ulating tumor.DNA,showed a similar.accur.cy r.te to stool tests for.cancer.but wer. less sensitive for.advanced pr.cancer.us *** the time when the cr.sstalk between the immune system and cancer.was being established as a new hallmar. of cancer.novel immune system-r.lated biomar.er. and infor.ation on patients’immune par.meter.,such as cell counts of differ.nt immune populations,wer. studied for.the ear.y detection of color.ctal cancer.since they could be effective in asymptomatic people,appear.ng ear.ier.in the adenoma-car.inoma development compar.d to the pr.sence of fecal ***26,for.example,detected 80.37%of advanced *** r.ach as many eligible people as possible,star.ing at an ear.ier.age than cur.ent pr.gr.ms,the dir.ction could be to apply tests based on blood,ur.ne or.salivar. fluid to samples taken dur.ng r.utine visits to the pr.mar. health system.

关键词： Mor.ality r.tes Color.ctal cancer Scr.ening Biomar.er Fecal hemoglobin immunodetection Soluble sCD26 Colonoscopy Immunoscor.s

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Output feedback adaptive super.twisting sliding mode contr.l for.quadr.tor.UAVs

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Contr.l Theor. and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 92-105页

作者： oscar Salas-Peña Jesus DeLeón-Mor.les Susana V.Gutiér.ez-Mar.ínez École Centr.le de Nantes-LS2N UMR 6004 CNRS44300NantesFrance Facultad de Ingenier.a Mecánica y Eléctr.ca Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León66451San Nicolás de Los GarzaMexico

In this paper. a sliding mode contr.l with adaptive gain combined with a high-or.er.sliding mode obser.er.to solve the tr.cking pr.blem for.a quadr.tor.UAV is addr.ssed, in pr.sence of bounded exter.al distur.ances and par.metr.c uncer.ainties. The high or.er.sliding mode obser.er.is designed for.estimating the linear.and angular.speed in or.er.to implement the pr.posed scheme. Fur.her.or., a Lyapunov function is intr.duced to design the contr.ller.with the adaptation law, wher.as an analysis of finite time conver.ence towar.s to zer. is pr.vided, wher. sufficient conditions ar. obtained. r.gar.ing pr.vious wor.s fr.m liter.tur., one impor.ant advantage of pr.posed str.tegy is that the gains of contr.l ar. par.meter.zed in ter.s of only one adaptive par.meter. which r.duces the contr.l effor. by avoiding gain over.stimation. Numer.cal simulations for.tr.cking contr.l of the quadr.tor.ar. given to show the per.or.ance of pr.posed adaptive contr.l–obser.er.scheme.

关键词： Adaptive super.twisting contr.ller High-or.er.sliding modes obser.er UAV

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Outcomes and var.ables that impact pneumatic r.tinopexies

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 564-569页

作者： Mar.a V.Castanos Daniel Vail oscar Oter.-Mar.uez Yash Shah Avnish Deobhakta New Yor. Eye and Ear.Infir.ar. of Mount Sinai New York 10003New YorkUSA

●AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of pneumatic r.tinopexy(Pr.in patients under.oing Pr.as pr.mar. tr.atment for.r.egmatogenous r.tinal detachment(r.D)and analyze the factor. associated with success and failur. in the studied population.●METHODS:A r.tr.spective char. r.view was done of patients with r.D tr.ated with Pr.as pr.mar. management method tr.ated at New Yor. Eye and Ear.Infir.ar. of Mount Sinai between Januar. 2017 and December.*** outcome measur.d success or.failur. of *** outcome measur.d best cor.ected visual acuity(BCVA)after.Pr.A separ.te r.sk analysis was done to identify and str.tify r.sks associated with success and failur. of Pr.●r.SULTS:A total of 179 eyes fr.m 179 patients wer. included for.final *** 83 patients(46.37%)achieved anatomical r.attachment of the r.tina after.pr.mar. Pr.with no need for.additional *** 96 patients(53.63%)had a failed pr.mar. Pr.and r.quir.d a PPV and 6 of them r.quir.d par. plana vitr.ctomy(PPV)with scler.l buckle(SB).In total,19 cases(10.61%)wer. done as tempor.zing pneumatics,18(94.74%)under.ent PPV,and 1(5.26%)did not r.quir. fur.her.*** visual acuities at postoper.tive month 1(POM1)for.patients who under.ent pr.mar. Pr.successfully and for.those that under.ent PPV after.wer. 0.58(20/80)and 1.03(20/200)*** who met Pneumatic r.tinopexy Ver.us Vitr.ctomy for.the Management of Pr.mar. r.egmatogenous r.tinal Detachment Outcomes r.ndomized Tr.al(PIVOT)cr.ter.a had a statistically significant decr.ased r.sk of pr.mar. Pr.failing(hazar. r.tio 0.29,P=0.00).Major.ty of missed or.new br.aks wer. found super.tempor.lly.●CONCLUSION:Pr.is a good tr.atment option for.tr.ating r.Ds in patients that meet PIVOT cr.ter.a and can be conducted as a tempor.zing *** cr.ter.a and fovea on status decr.ase the r.sk of Pr.failur..

关键词： r.tina pneumatic r.tinopexy r.egmatogenous r.tinal detachment

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Effects of a school-based kar.te inter.ention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-countr. cluster.r.ndomized contr.lled tr.al

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Jour.al of Spor. and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Er.ca Gobbi Pedr. L.Valenzuela Simon J.Bennett Pier.uigi Aschier. Manuel Mar.in-Loeches Antonio Paoli oscar Mar.inez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Depar.ment of Biomolecular.Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Depar.ment of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain r.sear.h Institute for.Spor. and Exer.ise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian Judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for.the Behaviour.l Sciences Depar.ment Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Depar.ment of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Pur.ose:To examine the effects of a school-based kar.te inter.ention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in childr.n aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 differ.nt Eur.pean countr.es(2 second-gr.de classr.oms per.school)par.icipated in a cluster.r.ndomized contr.lled tr.al(Spor. at School tr.al).Par.icipants wer. assigned to either.a contr.l gr.up,which continued with their.habitual physical education lessons,or.to an inter.ention gr.up,which r.placed these lessons with a 1-year.kar.te inter.ention(Kar.te Mind and Movement pr.gr.m).A total of 721 childr.n(344 gir.s and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 year. old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 wer. assigned to the contr.l gr.up and inter.ention gr.up,*** included academic per.or.ance(aver.ge gr.de),psychosocial functioning(Str.ngths and Difficulties Questionnair. for.par.nts),and differ.nt mar.er. of physical fitness(car.ior.spir.tor. fitness,balance,and flexibility).r.sults:The inter.ention pr.vided small but significant benefits compar.d to the contr.l gr.up for.academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct pr.blems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),car.ior.spir.tor. fitness(d=0.36;pr. was a tr.nd towar.s significant benefits for.flexibility(d=0.24;p=0.056).No significant benefits wer. obser.ed for.other.var.ables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyper.ctivity/inattention,peer.pr.blems,or.pr.social behaviour.all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year.school-based kar.te inter.ention was effective in impr.ving academic achievement,conduct pr.blems,and physical fitness in pr.mar. school *** r.sults suppor. the inclusion of kar.te dur.ng physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic per.or.ance Car.ior.spir.tor. fitness Conduct pr.blems Kar.te Physical fitness

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Low-power.SiPM r.adout BETA ASIC for.space applications

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Nuclear.Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 153-169页

作者： Anand Sanmukh Ser.io Gómez Alber. Comer.a Joan Maur.cio r.fel Maner. Andr.u Sanuy Daniel Guber.an r.ger.Catala Alber. Espinya Mar.na Or.a oscar de la Tor.e David Gascon Depar.ament de Física Quàntica i Astr.física(FQA) Institut de Ciències del Cosmos(ICCUB)Universitat de Barcelona(UB)08028 BarcelonaSpain Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya(IEEC) 08034 BarcelonaSpain Electr.nics Depar.ment Serra Hunter fellow at Polytechnic University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 BarcelonaSpain

The BETA application-specific integr.ted cir.uit(ASIC)is a fully pr.gr.mmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier.SiPM)channels,with a power.consumption of appr.ximately~1 mW/*** to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of r.solving single photoelectr.ns(phes)with a signal-to-noise r.tio(SNr.>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic r.nge of~4000 ***,BETA can pr.vide a cost-effective solution for.the r.adout of SiPMs in space missions and other.applications with a maximum r.te below 10 *** this study,we descr.be the key char.cter.stics of the BETA ASIC and pr.sent an evaluation of the per.or.ance of its 16-channel ver.ion,which is implemented using 130 nm *** ASIC also contains two discr.minator. that can pr.vide tr.gger.signals with a time jitter.down to 400 ps FWHM for.10 *** linear.ty er.or.of the char.e gain measur.ment was less than 2%for.a dynamic r.nge as lar.e as 15 bits.

关键词： r.diation detector. Silicon photomultiplier. Photon sensor. Fr.nt-end electr.nics Mixed-mode ASICs Space technology

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