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Bile-acid-induced cell injury and protection

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第14期15卷 1677-1689页

作者： Maria J Perez oscar Briz Research Unit University Hospital of Salamanca Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting CIBERehd University of Salamanca E.D. 129 37007 Salamanca Spain

Several studies have characterized the cellular and molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte injury caused by the retention of hydrophobic bile acids （BAs） in cholestatic diseases. BAs may disrupt cell membranes through their detergent action on lipid components and can promote the generation of reactive oxygen species that, in turn, oxidatively modify lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and eventually cause hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis. Several pathways are involved in triggering hepatocyte apoptosis. Toxic BAs can activate hepatocyte death receptors directly and induce oxidative damage, thereby causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and induce endoplasmic reticulum stress. When these compounds are taken up and accumulate inside biliary cells, they can also cause apoptosis. Regarding extrahepatic tissues, the accumulation of BAs in the systemic circulation may contribute to endothelial injury in the kidney and lungs. In gastrointestinal cells, BAs may behave as cancer promoters through an indirect mechanism involving oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as acting as selection agents for apoptosis-resistant cells. The accumulation of BAs may have also deleterious effects on placental and fetal cells. However, other BAs, such as ursodeoxycholic acid, have been shown to modulate BA-induced injury in hepatocytes. The major beneficial effects of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid are protection against cytotoxicity due to more toxic BAs; the stimulation of hepatobiliary secretion; antioxidant activity, due in part to an enhancement in glutathione levels; and the inhibition of liver cell apoptosis. Other natural BAs or their derivatives, such as cholyI-N- methylglycine or pharmacological properties. cholylsarcosine, interest owing have also aroused to their protective

关键词： Apoptosis Cholestasis Liver Necrosis Oxidative stress Ursodeoxycholic acid

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TWO NOVEL GRADIENT METHODS WITH OPTIMAL STEP SIZES

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第3期39卷 375-391页

作者： Harry Oviedo oscar Dalmau Rafael Herrera Centro de Investigacion en Matematicas CIMAT A.C.GuanajuatoGto.Mexico

In this work we introduce two new Barzilai and Borwein-like steps sizes for the classical gradient method for strictly convex quadratic optimization *** proposed step sizes employ second-order information in order to obtain faster gradient-type *** step sizes are derived from two unconstrained optimization models that involve approximate information of the Hessian of the objective function.A convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is *** numerical experiments are performed in order to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed methods with similar methods in the ***,it is observed that our proposals accelerate the gradient method at nearly no extra computational cost,which makes our proposal a good alternative to solve large-scale problems.

关键词： Gradient methods Convex quadratic optimization Hessian spectral properties Steplength selection

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A Survey on Type-3 Fuzzy Logic Systems and Their Control Applications

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自动化学报（英文版） 2024年第8期 1744页

作者： oscar Castillo Fevrier Valdez Patricia Melin Weiping Ding

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Oviposition behavior of the mirid Macrolophus pygmaeus under risk of intraguild predation and cannibalism

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 224-230页

作者： Frangois Dumont Eric Lucas oscar Alomar Departement des Sciences Biologiques Universite du Quebec a MontrealCentre VilleMontrealQCCanada Sustainable Plant Protection Programme Institute of Agri food Research and Technology(IRTA)CabrilsCataloniaSpain

Zoophytophagous mirid species,that feed and develop either on prey or plant resources,are often found simultaneously on the same ***,these species can engage in both intraguild predation and cannibalism,which can pose a threat to mirid *** females may respond to such risks of predation on their eggs by reducing the number of eggs laid or selecting safer oviposition *** tested the oviposition behavior of Macrolophus pygmaeus(Rambur)(Hemiptera:Miridae)females under the risk of cannibalism by *** males and intraguild predation by Nesidiocoris tenuis(Reuter)males(Hemiptera:Miridae)under laboratory *** predators and cannibals were introduced during or after the oviposition *** number of eggs laid(using counts of newly hatched nymphs)and their proportion on each part of a tomato plant were both *** results reveal that only cannibalism by *** males after the period of oviposition significantly decreased the number of hatched *** thus represents a greater risk to mirid eggs than intraguild *** *** female responded to the presence of potential intraguild predators(or competitors)by decreasing the nu mber of eggs laid in the upper *** results suggest that *** females avoid competition by ***,by laying fewer eggs on upper *** could regulate zoophytophagous predator populations under prey scarcity conditions and minimize the risk of crop damage associated with those biological control agents.

关键词： antipredator behavior cannibalism intraguild predation Macrolophus pygmaeus',Nesidiocoris tenuis zoophytophagy

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Processing of ingredients and diets and effects on nutritional value for pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 751-763页

作者： oscar Javier Rojas Hans Henrik Stein Devenish Nutrition Fairmont MN 56031 USA Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA.

A conventional diet based on corn and soybean meal fed to pigs is usually provided in a mash form and in most cases, processing other than grinding and mixing is not used. However, due to the high cost of energy in pig diets,use of high fiber ingredients such as soybean hulls, distillers dried grains with solubles, and wheat middlings has increased. High fiber concentrations in the diet usually results in reduced energy and nutrient digestibility due to the low capacity of pigs to digest fiber, which negatively impacts growth performance and carcass composition of the pigs. Feed processing technologies such as changes in grinding procedures, expansion, extrusion, pelleting, use of enzymes or chemical treatments may, however, be used to solubilize some of the cel ulose and hemicel ulose fractions that form the cel wal of plants in the ingredients, and therefore, increase nutrient availability. This may have a positive effect on energy digestibility, and therefore, also on pig growth performance and carcass composition, but effects of different feed technologies on the nutritional value of feed ingredients and diets fed to pigs are not fully understood. It has however, been demonstrated that reduced particle size of cereal grains usually results in increased digestibility of energy, primarily due to increased digestibility of starch. Extrusion or expansion of ingredients or diets may also increase energy digestibility and it appears that the increase is greater in high fiber diets than in diets with lower concentrations of fiber. Chemical treatments have not consistently improved energy or nutrient digestibility, but a number of different enzymes may be used to increase the digestibility of phosphorus, calcium, or energy. Thus, there are several opportunities for using feed technology to improve the nutritional value of diets fed to pigs.

关键词： Chemical treatments Enzymes Particle size Pig Processing Starch

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Weighted Weak-type Estimates for Multilinear Commutators of Fractional Integrals on Spaces of Homogeneous Type

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第10期23卷 1813-1826页

作者： Osvaldo GOROSITO Gladis PRADOLINI oscar SALINAS Department of Mathematics Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina

We obtain weighted distributional inequalities for multilinear commutators of the fractional integral on spaces of homogeneous type, The techniques developed in this work involve the behavior of some fractional maximal functions. In relation to these operators, as a main tool, we prove a weighted weak type boundedness result, which is interesting in itself.

关键词： commutators fractional integral operator multilinear operators

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On the Estimation of the Functional Size of Software from Requirements Specifications

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第3期22卷 358-370页

作者： Nelly Condori-Fernández Silvia Abrahao oscar Pastor Department of Information Systems and Computation Valencia University of TechnologyCamino de Vera s/n46020 ValenciaSpain

This paper introduces a measurement procedure, called RmFFP, which describes a set of operations for modelling and estimating the size of object-oriented software systems from high-level specifications using the OO-Method Requirement Model. OO-Method is an automatic software production method. The contribution of this work is to systematically define a set of rules that allows estimating the functional size at an early stage of the software production process, in accordance with COSMIC-FFP. To do this, we describe the design, the application, and the analysis of the proposed measurement procedure following the steps of a process model for software measurement. We also report initial results on the evaluation of RmFFP in terms of its reproducibility.

关键词： requirement specification product metrics measurement technique

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Gas Exchange Rates of Texas Persimmon (Diospyros texana ) in Central Texas Woodlands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2024年第5期 329页

作者： Matthew B.Grunstra oscar W.Van Auken

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Simultaneous determination of kolliphor HS15 and miglyol 812 in microemulsion formulation by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with nano quantity analyte detector

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第1期6卷 11-17页

作者： Honggen Zhang ZhenyuWang oscar Liu Merck Research Laboratories Merck & Co. Inc. Rahway NJ 07065 USA

A novel method for simultaneous determination of kolliphor HS15 and miglyol 812 in microemulsion formulation was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a nano quantitation analytical detector （UHPLC-NQAD）. All components in kolliphor HS15 and miglyo1812 were well separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column. Mobile phase A was 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid （TFA） in water and mobile phase B was acetonitrile. A gradient elution sequence was programed initially with 60% organic solvent, slowly increased to 100% within 8 min. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min. Good linearity （r 〉 0.95） was obtained in the range of 27.6-1381.1 μg/mL for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8-202.0 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride and 2.7-221.9μg/mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. The relative standard deviations （RSD） ranged from 0.6% to 1.7% for intra-day precision and from 0.4% to 2.7% for inter-day precision. The overall recoveries （accuracy） were 99.7%-101.4% for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 96.7%-99.6% for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 94.1%- 103.3% for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. Quantification limits （QL） were determined as 27.6 μg/ mL for polyoxy115 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 2.7 μg/ mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. No interferences were observed in the retention time ranges of kolliphor HSI5 and miglyol 812. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, QL, and robustness. The proposed method has been applied to microemulsion for- mulation analyses with good recoveries （82.2%-103.4%）.

关键词： Kolliphor HS15 Miglyol 812 Ultra-high performance liquid chromato-graphy (UHPLC) Nano quantitation analytical detector(NQAD)

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Cost-effectiveness of lutetium(^177Lu)oxodotreotide vs everolimus in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in Norway and Sweden

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第20期8卷 4793-4806页

作者： Jayne Palmer oscar R Leeuwenkamp Ossian Health Economics and Communications Basel 4051Switzerland Advanced Accelerator Applications Geneva 1204Switzerland

BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs)represent a relatively rare and heterogenous group of *** available treatment options for patients with progressive GEP-NETs include lutetium(177 Lu)oxodotreotide(177 LuDotatate)and everolimus[as well as sunitinib for patients with pancreatic NETs(P-NETs)].AIM To perform a health economic analysis to determine the cost-effectiveness of 177 LuDotatate compared with everolimus in patients with unresectable or metastatic midgut-NETs or P-NETs in both Sweden and *** Simulations were performed using a three-state partitioned survival model and analyses were performed separately for patients with midgut-NETs and *** input data were sourced from an indirect comparison that utilized survival data from clinical trials of 177 Lu-Dotatate and *** analyses were performed from the healthcare payer perspective over a time horizon of 20 *** Sweden,future costs and clinical outcomes were discounted at 3%per *** Norway,a discount rate of 4%per annum was *** For Sweden,improved survival outcomes and higher lifetime costs with 177 LuDotatate resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)of SEK 391194 per quality-adjusted life year(QALY)gained for midgut NETs and SEK 16764 per QALY gained for P-NETs for 177 Lu-Dotatate compared with *** Norway,the corresponding ICERs were NOK 244444 per QALY gained and NOK 106451 per QALY gained,***-way sensitivity analyses revealed that the results were most sensitive to changes in drug acquisition costs and health state utility *** In both Sweden and Norway,from a healthcare provider perspective,177 LuDotatate is likely to be considered cost-effective relative to everolimus for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic,progressive midgut-NETs or P-NETs.

关键词： Cost Cost-effectiveness Neuroendocrine tumors 177Lu-Dotatate Sweden Norway

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