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Spectroscopic Studies of the Laser Produced Lead Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第2期13卷 129-134页

作者： m.HANIF m.SALIK m.A.BAIG Atomic & molecular Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Quaid-Ⅰ-Azam University mCS National University of Sciences & Technology

Spectroscopic emission of lead plasma, generated by the fundamental （1064 nm） and second harmonics （532 nm） of a Q-switched pulsed Nd： YAG laser, is studied. The spectral lines of neutral atoms and singly ionized lead ions were shown predominantly. The profiles of neutral lead lines observed were used to extract the excitation temperature using Boltzmann plots, whereas electron number density was determined from the profile of Stark broadened line. The variations of excitation temperature and electron number density as a function of laser energy were studied.

关键词： lead laser ablation optical emission spectroscopy plasma temperature and electron density

The Properties of the Space-Charge and Net Current Density in magnetized Plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第12期15卷 1169-1173页

作者： m.m.HATAmI Physics Department of K N Toosi University of Technology

A hydrodynamic model is used to investigate the properties of positive space-charge and net current density in the sheath region of magnetized, collisional plasmas with warm positive ions. It is shown that an increase in the ion-neutral collision frequency, as well as the magnitude of the external magnetic field, leads to an increase in the net current density across the sheath region. The results also show that the accumulation of positive ions in the sheath region increases by increasing the ion-neutral collision frequency and the magnitude of the magnetic field. In addition, it is seen that an increase in the positive ion temperatures causes a decrease in the accumulation of positive ions and the net current density in the sheath region.

关键词： hydrodynamic model magnetized plasma sheath sheath formation criterion

Oblique collisional effects of dust acoustic waves in unmagnetized dusty plasma

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第6期29卷 304-313页

作者： m S Alam m R Talukder Department of mathematics Chittagong University of Engineering and TechnologyChittagong-4349Bangladesh Plasma Science and Technology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

Effects of oblique collisions of the dust acoustic(DA)waves in dusty plasma are studied by considering unmagnetized fully ionized *** plasma consists of inertial warm negatively charged massive dusts,positively charged dusts,superthermal kappa distributed electrons,and isothermal *** extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo(e PLK)method is employed for the drivation of two-sided Korteweg–de Vries(KdV)equations(KdVEs).The Kd V soliton solutions are derived by using the hyperbolic secant *** effects of superthermality index of electrons,temperature ratio of isothermal ion to electron,and the density ratio of isothermal ions to negatively charged massive dusts on nonlinear coefficients are *** effects of oblique collision on amplitude,phase shift,and potential profile of right traveling solitons of DA waves are also *** study reveals that the new nonlinear wave structures are produced in the colliding region due to head-on collision of the two counter propagating DA *** nonlinearity is found to decrease with the increasing density ratio of ion to negative dust in the critical *** phase shifts decrease(increase)with increasing the temperature ratio of ion to electron(κe).The hump(compressive,κeκec)solitons are produced depending on the angle(θ)of oblique collision between the two waves.

关键词： ion acoustic wave dusty plasma kappa distribution ePLK method hyperbolic secant method

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

Dirac R-matrix calculations of photoionization cross sections of Ni Ⅻ and atomic structure data of Ni 

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第2期26卷 127-140页

作者： R T Nazirt m A Bari m Bilal S Sardar m H Nasim m Salahuddin Department of Physics and Applied mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad 45650 Pakista

We performed R-matrix calculations for photoionization cross sections of the two ground state configuration 3s^23p^5（~2P_（3/2,1/2）~o） levels and 12 excited states of Ni Ⅻ using relativistic Dirac Atomic R-matrix Codes（DARC） across the photon energy range between the ionizations thresholds of the corresponding states and well above the thresholds of the last level of the Ni XIII target ion. Generally, a good agreement is obtained between our results and the earlier theoretical photoionization cross sections. moreover, we have used two independent fully relativistic GRASP and FAC codes to calculate fine-structure energy levels, wavelengths, oscillator strengths, transitions rates among the lowest 48 levels belonging to the configuration（3s^23p^4, 3s3p^5, 3p^6, 3s^23p^33d） in Ni XIII. Additionally, radiative lifetimes of all the excited states of Ni XIII are presented. Our results of the atomic structure of Ni XIII show good agreement with other theoretical and experimental results available in the literature. A good agreement is found between our calculated lifetimes and the experimental *** present results are useful for plasma diagnostic of fusion and astrophysical plasmas.

关键词： photoionization cross sections energy levels wavelengths lifetimes

Complexity of charged anisotropic spherically symmetric fluids in f(G)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第3期75卷 91-104页

作者： Z Yousaf m Z Bhatti m m m Nasir Department of mathematics University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan

The previous ideology of complexity factor for the dynamical spheres[Herrera et al 2018,***.D,98,104059]is extended for the influence of charge.A dynamical spherically symmetric non-dissipative and dissipative self-gravitating structure is examined in the presence of maxwell f(G)gravity to examine the complexity *** pattern of evolution is studied with the minimal complexity *** complexity factor remains the same for the structure of fluid distribution,while we examine homologous constraints for the most basic evolution *** calculate the structure scalars which play an important role in order to understand the fundamental properties of the *** fluid is geodesic as well as shearing for the dissipative case and there is a large number of *** the non-dissipative fluid distribution,a shear-free,homogeneous and isotropic,geodesic fluid correlates with the evolving homologous and vanishing complexity *** implication of the condition of vanishing complexity factor and stability are discussed at the end.

关键词： gravitation anisotropy complexity hydrodynamics

Non-Newtonian effect on natural convection flow over cylinder of elliptic cross section

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第2期41卷 361-382页

作者： P.NAG m.m.mOLLA m.A.HOSSAIN Department of mathematics and Physics North South UniversityDhaka 1229Bangladesh Center for Applied Scientific Computing(CASC) North South UniversityDhaka 1229Bangladesh Department of mathematics University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh

The non-Newtonian effect in the boundary layer flow over a horizontal elliptical cylinder is investigated numerically. A modified power-law viscosity model is used to correlate the non-Newtonian characteristics of the fluid flow. For natural convectionflows, the surface of the cylinder is maintained by the uniform surface temperature(UST)or the uniform heat flux(UHF) condition. The governing equations corresponding to theflow are first transformed into a dimensionless non-similar form using suitable transformations. The resulting equations are solved numerically by an efficient finite difference scheme. The numerical results are presented for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number with the eccentric angle for different values of the power-law index n. The local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are found to be higher and lower, respectively, for the shear thickening fluids(n > 1) than the other fluids(n≤1).The effects of different elliptical configurations on the average Nusselt number are also presented and discussed for both conditions of the surface temperature.

关键词： non-Newtonian fluid free convection boundary layer elliptical cylinder

Quantitative analysis of saindha salt using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and cross-validation with ICP-mS

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第7期22卷 51-58页

作者： m QASIm m ANWAR-UL-HAQ m SHER AFGAN S U HAQ m A BAIG Department of Physics University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan Department of Energy&Power Engineering Tsinghua-BP Clean Energy CenterTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Institute of Lasers and Optronics(NILOP) NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Saindha salt is considered to be more advantageous than the other edible salts for the patients suffering from diabetes,blood pressure and kidney *** explore the constituent elements of this salt,laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has been exploited for its qualitative and quantitative *** third harmonic(355 nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser has been used to produce the saindha salt plasma and the time integrated optical emission spectra were registered using a set of six miniature spectrometers covering the spectral range of 230-805 *** spectroscopic analysis of the emission spectra predominately revealed numerous neutral or singly ionized emission lines of Ca,mg,Na,K,Fe,Sr,Si,Li and *** laser produced plasma was characterized by calculating the electron temperature from the Boltzmann plots and the electron number density from the Stark broadened line profile as a function of laser irradiance and distance from the target *** relative concentration of the constituent elements was extracted by the integrated line intensities of the strongest spectral line of each element using the self-calibration-LIBS(SC-LIBS) and one-line calibration free-LIBS(OLCF-LIBS) *** cross-validation,the LIBS results have been compared with that obtained from the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-mS) showing good agreement.

关键词： elemental analysis CF-LIBS plasma parameters

Electron Density and Optical Emission measurements of SF_6/O_2 Plasmas for Silicon Etch Processes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 316-320页

作者： m.m.mORSHED S.m.DANIELS National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology School of Electronic EngineeringDublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin 9Ireland

This work investigates internal plasma process parameters using a hairpin resonance probe and optical emission spectroscopy. The dependence of electron density and atomic fluorine on the percentage of oxygen in an SF6/O2 discharge was measured using these methods. An RIE Oxford Instruments 80 plus chamber was used for the experiments. Two different process powers （100 W and 300 W） at a constant pressure （100 mTorr） were used, and it was found that the optical emission intensity of the 703.7 nm and 685.6 nm lines of atomic fluorine increased rapidly as oxygen was added to the SF6 discharge, reached their maximum at an O2 fraction of 20% and then decreased with further addition of oxygen. The plasma electron density was also strongly influenced by the addition of O2.

关键词： OES hairpin probe SF6 O2 electron density atomic fluorine