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Hepatocellular carcinoma in the post-hepatitis C virus era: Should we change the paradigm?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3929-3940页

作者： Hadar Meringer oren Shibolet Liat Deutsch Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly malignancy. The disease usually develops on a background of chronic liver disease. Until recently, the most common etiology was infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies has been a major breakthrough in HCV treatment. Sustained virologic response can now be achieved in almost all treated patients, even in patients with a high risk for the development of HCC, such as the elderly or those with significant fibrosis. Early reports raised concerns of a high risk for HCC occurrence after DAA therapy both in patients with previous resection of tumors and those without previous tumors. As the World Health Organization’s goals for eradication of HCV are being endorsed worldwide, the elimination of HCV seems feasible. Simultaneous to the decrease in the burden of cirrhosis from HCV, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) incidence has been increasing dramatically including significant increased incidence of cirrhosis and HCC in these patients. Surprisingly, a substantial proportion of patients with NAFLD were shown to develop HCC even in the absence of cirrhosis. Furthermore, HCC treatment and potential complications are known to be influenced by liver steatosis. These changes in etiology and epidemiology of HCC suggest the beginning of a new era: The post–HCV era. Changes may eventually undermine current practices of early detection, surveillance and management of HCC. We focused on the risk of HCC occurrence and recurrence in the post–HCV era, the surveillance needed after DAA therapy and current studies in HCC patients with NAFLD.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Direct-acting antivirals Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Peptide self‐assembly as a strategy for facile immobilization of redox enzymes on carbon electrodes

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Carbon Energy 2023年第11期5卷 15-30页

作者： Itzhak Grinberg oren Ben‐Zvi Lihi Adler‐Abramovich Iftach Yacoby Department of Oral Biology The Goldschleger School of Dental MedicineFaculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael The Center for the Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael School of Plant Sciences and Food Security The George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Redox-enzyme‐mediated electrochemical processes such as hydrogen production,nitrogen fixation,and CO_(2) reduction are at the forefront of the green chemistry *** scale up,the inefficient two‐dimensional(2D)immobilization of redox enzymes on working electrodes must be replaced by an efficient dense 3D *** of 3D electrodes was demonstrated by embedding enzymes in polymer ***,several requirements,such as simple immobilization,prolonged stability,and resistance to enzyme leakage,still need to be *** study presented here aims to overcome these gaps by immobilizing enzymes in a supramolecular hydrogel formed by the self‐assembly of the peptide hydrogelator *** the self‐assembly process avoids the need for tedious and potentially harmful chemistry,allowing the rapid loading of enzymes on a 3D electrode under mild *** the[FeFe]hydrogenase enzyme,high enzyme loads,prolonged resistance against electrophoresis,and highly efficient hydrogen production are ***,this enzyme retention is shown to arise from its interaction with the peptide ***,this method is successfully used to retain other redox enzymes,paving the way for a variety of enzyme‐mediated electrochemical applications.

关键词： 3D electrode enzymes encapsulation H2 production hydrogenase peptide hydrogel

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Two and a Half Thousand Years of Navigation on the Dead Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第S1期88卷 432-433页

作者： Aharon oren Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences The Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemEdmond J.Safra CampusGivat Ram

Today there is a single ship on the Dead Sea:a vessel that makes monthly research *** in earlier periods many kinds of boats sailed the waves of the saltiest of all *** and wooden anchors found on the newly

关键词： Two and a Half Thousand Years of Navigation on the Dead Sea

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Clinical management of acute liver failure: Results of an international multi-center survey

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第33期22卷 7595-7603页

作者： Liane Rabinowich Julia Wendon William Bernal oren Shibolet Liver Unit Department of GastroenterologyTel-Aviv Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University Liver Intensive Therapy Unit Institute of Liver StudiesKing’s College Hospital

AIM To assess the practice of caring for acute liver failure(ALF) patients in varying geographic locations and medical *** Members of the European Acute Liver Failure Consortium completed an 88-item questionnaire detailing management of ALF. Responses from 22 transplantation centers in 11 countries were analyzed,treating between 300 and 500 ALF cases and performing over 100 liver transplants(LT) for ALF annually. The questions pertained to details of the institution and their clinical activity,standards of care,referral and admission,wardbased care versus intensive care unit(ICU) as well as questions regarding liver transplantation- including criteria,limitations,and perceived performance. Clinical data was also collected from 13 centres over a 3 mo period. RESULTS The interval between referral and admission of ALF patients to specialized units was usually less than 24 h and once admitted,treatment was provided by a multidisciplinary team. Principles of care of patients with ALF were similar among centers,particularly in relation to recognition of severity and care of the more critically ill. Centers exhibited similarities in thresholds for ICU admission and management of severe hepatic encephalopathy. Over 80% of centers administered n-acetyl-cysteine to ICU patients for non-paracetamolrelated ALF. There was significant divergence in the use of prophylactic antibiotics and anti-fungals,lactulose,nutritional support and imaging investigations in admitted patients and in the monitoring and treatment of intra-cranial pressure(ICP). ICP monitoring was employed in 12 centers,with the most common indications being papilledema and renal failure. Most patients listed for transplantation underwent surgery within an average waiting time of 1-2 d. Over a period of 3 mo clinical data from 85 ALF patients was collected. Overall patient survival at 90-d was 76%. Thirty six percent of patients underwent emergency LT,with a 90% post transplant survival to hospital disc

关键词： Acute liver failure Liver transplantation Intra-cranial pressure Hepatic encephalopathy

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Uncertainty analysis of forest carbon sink forecast with varying measurement errors:a data assimilation approach

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第3期4卷 178-191页

作者： Ensheng Weng Yiqi Luo Chao Gao Ram oren Department of Botany and Microbiology The University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Aims Accurate forecast of ecosystem states is critical for improving natural resourcemanagement and climate change *** observed data into models is an effective way to reduce uncertainties in ecological ***,influences ofmeasurement errors on parameter estimation and forecasted state changes have not been carefully *** study analyzed the parameter identifiability of a process-based ecosystem carbon cycle model,the sensitivity of parameter estimates and model forecasts to the magnitudes of measurement errors and the information contributions of the assimilated data to model forecasts with a data assimilation *** We applied a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to assimilate eight biometric data sets into the Terrestrial *** data were the observations of foliage biomass,wood biomass,fine root biomass,microbial biomass,litter fall,litter,soil carbon and soil respiration,collected at the Duke Forest free-air CO_(2)enrichment facilities from 1996 to *** levels ofmeasurement errorswere assigned to these data sets by halving and doubling their original standard *** Findings Results showed that only less than half of the 30 parameters could be constrained,though the observations were extensive and themodelwas relatively *** errors led to higher uncertainties in parameters estimates and forecasted carbon(C)pool *** longterm predictions of the slow turnover pools were affected less by the measurement errors than those of fast turnover *** data contributed less information for the pools with long residence times in long-term *** results indicate the residence times of C pools played a key role in regulating propagation of errors from measurements to model forecasts in a data assimilation *** the estimation of parameters of slowturnover C pools is the key to better forecast long-term ecosystem C dynamics.

关键词： uncertainty analysis data assimilation Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)method measurement error carbon residence time information contribution

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Computationally aware systems:Recommended features through a review of 188 definitions and its relevance to advanced simulation

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2021年第1期12卷 112-141页

作者： Reza Irani Pouria Sharifian Monfared Mohammad Kazemifard Tuncer oren Department of Computer Engineering University of Razi KermanshahIran School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa OttawaONCanada

In this paper,188 definitions of aware,awareness,conscious,and consciousness,classified in different categories including cognitive science,computation,medicine,neurology,and philosophy,are *** on this systematic review,desirable features of computationally aware systems(CASs)are gleaned and reported.A discussion about the relevance of computational awareness to advanced simulation is also outlined.

关键词： Computational awareness computationally aware systems awareness consciousness computational understanding simulation

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Investigating Kernel Security in Functional Operating Systems

Investigating Kernel Security in Functional Operating System...

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作者： Eshton oren Robateau 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

System security has always been concerned with software vulnerabilities especially in privileged applications like web browsers and *** and architecture security are relatively new developments due to recently publicized vulnerabilities（Spectre,Meltdown,Foreshadow）.A cursory glance at list of current of CVEs exhibits a myriad of C related issues（buffer overflows,memory corruption etc.）yet operating systems and bare-metal development continue to be dominated by C and *** programming is often touted as the paradigm shift to reduce and possibly eliminate many of the issues in traditional,imperative style ***,the functional paradigm is almost never found below the application level.A few operating systems have been designed and implemented in the functional *** systems are usually attempts to prove the viability of usable systems built with functional and high-level *** security aspect is often ignored or relegated to off-hand *** work explores the darker side of kernel implementations: security of kernel components and the techniques available to kernel developers when functional concepts are available at bare metal.

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Framework of behavioral indicators evaluating TB health promotion outcomes: a modified Delphi study of TB policymakers and health workers

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 447-459页

作者： Ying Li John Ehiri Daiyu Hu Eyal oren Jia Cao Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management Third Military Medical UniversityNo.30 Gaotanyan RoadShapingba districtChongqingChina Department of Health Promotion Sciences Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public HealthUniversity of ArizonaTucsonUSA Chongqing Institute of TB Prevention and Treatment Jiulongpo districtChongqingChina Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public HealthUniversity of ArizonaTucsonUSA Institute of Toxicology Third Military Medical UniversityNo.30 Gaotanyan RoadShapingba districtChongqingChina

Background:Although TB health promotion directed at policy makers and healthcare workers(HCWs)is considered important to tuberculosis(TB)control,no indicators currently assess the impact of such promotional *** article is the second in a series of papers that seek to establish a framework of behavioral indicators for outcome evaluation of TB health promotion,using the Delphi *** the first article,we sought to establish a framework of behavioral indicators for outcome evaluation of TB health promotion among TB suspects and *** objective of this second article is to present an indicator framework that can be used to assess behavioral outcomes of TB health promotion directed at policy makers and ***:A two-round,modified Delphi method was used to establish the *** experts who were knowledgeable and experienced in the field of TB control were consulted in Delphi surveys.A questionnaire was developed following 4 steps,and involved ranking indicators on a five-point Likert *** consensus level was 70%.Median,mode,and Coefficient of variation(CV)were used to describe expert *** authority coefficient(Cr)was used to assess the degree of each expert’s ***:Consensus was achieved following the two survey rounds and several iterations among the *** TB health-promotion activities directed at policymakers,the experts reached consensus on 2 domains(“Resource inputs”and“Policymaking and monitoring behaviors”),4 subdomains(“Human resources”among others),and 13 indicators(“Human resources per 100,000 person”among others).For TB health-promotion activities directed at HCWs,the experts reached consensus on 5 domains(“Self-protective behaviors”among others),6 sub-domains(“Preventing infection”among others),and 15 indicators(“Average hours of daily workplace disinfection by ultraviolet radiation”among others).Conclusions:This study identified a conceptual framework of core behavioral indicators to evalua

关键词： Health promotion Evaluation Policymakers TB healthcare workers TB HCWs Indicator Delphi method

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Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Steps forward but still a long way to go

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 566-574页

作者： Liat Mlynarsky Yoram Menachem oren Shibolet Department of Gastroenterology Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel-Aviv University

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third cause of tumor associated deaths worldwide. HCC incidence rates are increasing in many parts of the world including developing and developed countries. Potentially curative treatments for HCC are resection and liver transplantation, but these are only suitable for patients with small tumors, meeting strict pre-defined criteria, or well-compensated liver disease. Early diagnosis of HCCcan be achieved by surveillance of at-risk populations. For patients with non-resectable disease treatments modalities include loco-ablative and systemic therapies. In this review we focus on treatment options in HCC and their allocation. Although significant research is in progress, to this date, the results are unsatisfactory with limited long-term survival. In the fight against this deadly disease, there is still a long way to go.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver resection Liver transplantation Loco-ablative therapies Sorafenib

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Microbial community structure and nitrogenase gene diversity of sediment from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field on the Southwest Indian Ridge

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第10期33卷 94-104页

作者： WU Yuehong CAO Yi WANG Chunsheng WU Min AHARON oren XU Xuewei Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91904 Israel The Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Edmond J. Safra CampusGivat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel

A sediment sample was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field located at a depth of 2 951 m on the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on the prokaryotic community using polymerase chain reaction（PCR） amplification of the 16 S rRNA and nifH genes. Within the Archaea, the dominant clones were from marine benthic group E（MBGE） and marine group I（MGI） belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, respectively. More than half of the bacterial clones belonged to the Proteobacteria, and most fell within the Gammaproteobacteria. No epsilonproteobacterial sequence was observed. Additional phyla were detected including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi, Chlamydiae, Verrucomicrobia, and candidate divisions OD1, OP11, WS3 and TM6, confirming their existence in hydrothermal vent environments. The detection of nifH gene suggests that biological nitrogen fixation may occur in the hydrothermal vent field of the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that only Clusters I and III NifH were present. This is consistent with the phylogenetic analysis of the microbial 16 S rRNA genes, indicating that Bacteria play the main role in nitrogen fixation in this hydrothermal vent environment.

关键词： deep-sea hydrothermal vent microbial diversity 16S rRNA gene nifH gene

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