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Analysis and survey of the application of solar dryers in eastern Nigeria

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第3期4卷 79-82页

作者： Nwoke O.Okala uzoma C.Chigasa Ibeto Cynthia Okpara Chidimma Nnaji Chibueze Obi I.Onuoragbunam oparaku u.ogbonna Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering University of NigeriaNsukka National Centre for Energy Research and Development University of NigeriaNsukka

A survey on the use of solar dryers for drying purposes was carried out in some communities in eastern *** objective of the study was to ascertain the extent uses of solar dryers by local farmers and the rural *** survey method included oral interview and questionnaire *** results of the study revealed that the practical use of solar dryers is absent domestically and ***,great enthusiasm was shown by the farmers in the use of solar crop dryers if their performance is satisfactory with respect to quality and quantity of products dried at a given time *** farmers rejected the idea of establishing communally maintained and operated systems but preferred commercialized systems where payments are made per unit quantity of products *** study therefore recommends the development of affordable solar crop dryers with auxiliary heat sources to mitigate the effects of daily and seasonal fluctuation in solar radiation in order to cope with the demands of a profit oriented commercial drying *** a system holds a lot of promises for entrepreneurs.

关键词： crop drying solar crop dryers auxiliary heat sources entrepreneurs Nigeria

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Relationships between average gully depths and widths on geological sediments underlying the Idah-Ankpa Plateau of the North Central Nigeria

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第1期6卷 43-50页

作者： L.Alimonu oparaku R.Terungwa Iwar Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering University of AgricultureP.M.B.2373MakurdiBenue StateNigeria

This study investigated the relationships between the average gully depth and the average width on twoof the three geological sediments underlying the Ida-Ankpa Plateau of the North Central Nigeria. Gullylength (L), average depth (D), and average width (W) were measured on 37 and 5 gully samples formedrespectively on the Ajalli Sandstones' (AS) and the upper Coal Measures' (uCM) geological *** these, the average volume (V), average cross sectional area (A), and average form factor (W/D) werecomputed. These sets of variables (L, D, W, V, A, and W/D), a total of six for each gully, were analysedusing correlation analysis and the sample bivariate regression to examine the relationships between Dand W on the two geological units. Results show that D correlates poorly, positively, and significantlywith W on the highly erodible AS (R = 0.565, P uCM (R = 0.997, P uCM (W2 = 1.667 + 0.689D2, R2 = 0.994). The results of the study suggest that for gullies cut on deep,homogeneous formations, the correlation of D with W diminishes with increasing vulnerability to erosionof the sediments, whereas the effectiveness of D as a predictive tool of W increases with the resistanceof the sediments to erosion.

关键词： Gully Geological sediments Vulnerability to erosion Gully depth Gully width

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Relative Proliferation of Gullies on Three Geological Sediments: The Influence of Soil Consistency Limits and Shear Strength

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第1期9卷 25-33页

作者： Louis A. oparaku Raphael T. Iwar Joseph E. Edeh Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of soil consistency limits and shear strength on the relative proliferation of gullies on three geological sediments, namely: the upper Coal Measures (uCM), the Ajalli Sandstones (AS), and the Lower Coal Measures (LCM), which has been ranked as AS > uCM > LCM. Soil samples were collected from a depth range of 60 - 90 cm of sampling pits dug at a selected location on each of these texturally homogenous and unique formations. These were analysed for consistency limits and shear strength using standard methods and procedures. Results showed that the plasticity index (PI) of the uCM (PIuCM) was 24.49%;PIAS, 5.89%;and PILCM, 44.85%. The shear strength (S) of the uCM (SuCM) was 314.74 KN/m2;SAS, 196.23 KN/m2;and SLCM, 321.72 KN/m2. The results of the study show that rankings of the respective contributions of these two geotechnical properties to the vulnerability of the sediments to gully (soil) erosion follow the same order of proliferation of gullies on the plateau landscape: AS > uCM > LCM. Hence, consistency limits and shear strength parameters partly influence and explain the relative proliferation of gullies on the three formations. Further studies are required to determine other soil factors of gully erosion in the area in order to evolve appropriate management strategies for these sediments.

关键词： Relative Vulnerability Proliferation Fragility

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