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Continuous Lumbar Plexus Catheter Removal in Postoperative Total Hip Replacement Patients Receiving Warfarin Thromboprophylaxis: A Retrospective Analysis

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2013年第6期3卷 293-297页

作者： Joseph Marino Jay Curtin Carol Patrick Kara Theal Cristina Sison George Koutsouras Scott Alpert W. Healy III oonagh dowling Renee Pekmezaris J. E. Chelly Biostatistics Unit The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research Manhasset USA Biostatistics Unit The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research Manhasset USA Department of Anesthesiology Franklin Hospital Medical Center Valley Stream USA Department of Anesthesiology Huntington Hospital Huntington USA Department of Cardiology Huntington Hospital Huntington USA Department of Information Services Huntington Hospital Huntington USA Department of Orthopedic Anesthesia and Acute Interventional Pain University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh USA Department of Orthopedics Huntington Hospital Huntington USA Department of Population Health North Shore LIJ Health System Great Neck USA Department of Population Health North Shore LIJ Health System Great Neck USA

Background and Objectives: Based on the case reports of hemorrhagic complications, recommendations for the removal of lumbar plexus catheters in anticoagulated patients were created. These guidelines are controversial as they limit the use of lumbar plexus blocks in postoperative anticoagulated patients. This study was designed to evaluate the incidence of hemorrhagic complications and coagulation status using International Normalized Ratio (INR) at the time of lumbar plexus catheter removal in patients receiving warfarin after total hip replacement. Methods: A retrospective study of 371 patients on warfarin thromboprophylaxis who received continuous lumbar plexus catheters for postoperative analgesia after total hip surgery was performed. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of bleeding complications after catheter removal;secondary outcome measures included warfarin dose, bridge therapy, incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) and INR values upon catheter removal. Results: Almost all lumbar plexus catheters (93%;344/371) were removed at 72 hours. At the time of catheter removal, mean INR was 1.99 [1.42-2.41] (p = 0.015);67% of patients had an INR > 1.5 and half of these patients had INRs between 2.0-3.0;5% had INR’s between 3.0-4.0. There were no adverse bleeding complications or nerve injury after the removal of catheters. Conclusions: We observed no incidence of bleeding after lumbar plexus catheter removal despite 67 % of patients demonstrating INR’s > 1.5. Our retrospective analysis illustrates the relative safety of catheter removal in anticoagulated patients and suggests that the removal of lumbar plexus catheters can be safely performed with an INR > 1.5 in patients receiving warfarin.

关键词： Lumbar Plexus Block Warfarin Prophylaxis Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism

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Terrestrial Analogue Research to Support Human Performance on Mars:A Review and Bibliographic Analysis

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Space(Science & Technology) 2022年第1期2022卷 307-324页

作者： Andrew Terhorst Jason A.dowling CSIRO Data 61 HobartAustralia CSIRO Australian e-Health Research Centre BrisbaneAustralia

Terrestrial analogues can provide essential scientific information and technology validation to assist future crewed missions to the Martian *** paper analyses the recent literature since 2010 in this area,highlighting key topics,authors,and research *** reviews analogue locations,missions,the scientific impact from research *** findings indicate that permanent analogue sites enable reproducible science and objective comparison between studies.A standard,open registry of analogue facilities,and associated peer-reviewed research may lead to accelerated and better targeted analogue research.

关键词： surface. analogue analogues

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Analyzing neural degeneration of the retina with connectomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 113-114页

作者： Charles L.Zucker John E.dowling Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

Electron microscopy(EM)provides a unique ability to visualize structural detail with a resolution orders of magnitude better than other imaging *** conventionally,its limitation is that each acquired image represents a small area with a section thickness significantly less than 100 ***,techniques have been developed that allow thousands of relatively large serial-sections to be collected and efficiently imaged at full EM resolution,with the images then being stitched back together to produce a 3D volume.

关键词： neural image Applied

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Arsenic and major cation hydrogeochemistry of the Central Victorian （Australia） surface waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 184-192页

作者： Khawar SULTAN Kim dowling School of Science and Engineering University of Ballarat Mount Helen University Drive Ballarat Victoria 3353 Australia

This paper reports on the major cations（Ca, Mg, Na and K） and arsenic（As） compositions of surface waters collected from major creeks, rivers and lakes in Central Victoria （Australia）. The surface waters were found to be neutral to alkaline （pH 6.7-9.4）, oxidised （average redox potential （Eh） about 130 mV） and showed variable concentrations of dissolved ions （EC, about 51-4386 /μS/cm）. The concen- trations of dissolved major cations in surface waters were found to be in the order of Na〉〉Mg〉Ca〉K and in soils the contents of metals followed an order of abundance as： Ca〉Mg〉〉K〉Na. While Na was the least abundant in soils, it registered the highest dissolved cation in surface waters. Of the four major cations, the average concentration ofNa（98.7 mg/L） was attributed to the weathering of feldspars and atmospheric input. Relatively highly dissolved concentrations of Na and Mg compared with the world average values of rivers reflected the weathering of rock and soil minerals within the catchments. The As soil level is naturally high（linked to lithology） as reflected by high background soil values and mining operations are also considered to be a contributory factor. Under relatively alkaline-oxidative conditions low mobility of dissolved As （average about 7.9 μg/L） was observed in most of the surface waters with a few higher values（〉15 μg/L） around a sewage disposal site and mine railings. Arsenic in soils is slowly released into water under alkaline and/or lower Eh conditions. The efficient sink of Fe, AI and Mn oxides acts as a barrier against the As release under near neutral-oxidising conditions. High As content （average about 28.3 mg/kg） in soils was found to be associated with Fe-hydroxides as revealed by XRD and SEM analysis. The dissolved As concentration was found to be below the recommended maximum levels for recreational water in all surface waters（lakes and rivers） in the study area. Catchment lithology exerted the fundamental control on surface water chemistr

关键词： surface water major cations arsenic soil Australia

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Mechanical characterization of the role of defects in sintered FeCrAIY foams

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第4期23卷 383-398页

作者： M.Kepets A.P.dowling Engineering Department Cambridge UniversityCambridge CB2 1PZUK

Open celled metal foams fabricated through metal sintering are a new class of material that offers novel mechanical and acoustic properties. Previously, polymer foams have been widely used as a means of absorbing acoustic energy. However, the structural applications of these foams are limited. The metal sintering approach offers a costeffective means for the mass-production of open-cell foams from a range of materials, including high-temperature steel alloys. In this first part of two-paper series, the mechanical properties of open-celled steel alloy （FeCrA1Y） foams were characterized under uniaxial compression and shear loading. Compared to predictions from established models, a significant knockdown in material properties was observed. This knockdown was attributed to the presence of defects throu- ghout the microstructure that result from the unique fabrication process. Further in situ tests were carried out in a SEM （scanning electronic microscope） in order to investigate the effects of defects on the properties of the foams. Typically, the onset of plastic yielding was observed to occur at defect locations within the microstructure. At lower relative densities, ligament bending dominates, with the deformation initializing at defects. At higher relative densities, an additional deformation mechanism associated with membrane elements was observed. In the follow-up of this paper, a finite element model will be constructed to quantify the effects of defects on the mechanical performance of the opencell foam.

关键词： Metal foam Defect Mechanical characterization SEM

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Revisiting “Non-Thermal” Batch Microwave Oven Inactivation of Microorganisms

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2023年第1期14卷 28-54页

作者： Victor John Law Denis Pius dowling School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Over the last few decades there has been active discussion concerning the mechanisms involved in “non-thermal” microwave-assisted inactivation of microorganisms. This work presents a novel non-invasive acoustic measurement of a domestic microwave oven cavity-magnetron operating at fo = 2.45 ± 0.05 GHz (λo ~ 12.2 cm) that is modulated in the time-domain (0 to 2 minutes). The measurements reveal the cavity-magnetron cathode filament cold-start warm-up period and the pulse width modulation periods (time-on time-off and base-time period, where time-on minus base-time = duty cycle). The waveform information is used to reconstruct historical microwave “non-thermal” homogeneous microorganism inactivation experiments: where tap-water is used to mimic the microorganism suspension;and ice, crushed ice, and ice slurry mixture are used as the cooling media. The experiments are described using text, diagrams, and photographs. Four key experimental parameters are indentified that influence the suspension time-dependent temperature profile. First, where the selected process time > the time-base, the cavity-magnetron continuous wave rated power should be used for each second of microwave illumination. Second, external crushed ice and ice slurry baths induce different cooling profiles due to difference in their heat absorption rates. In addition external baths may shield the suspension resulting in a retarding of the time-dependent heating profile. Third, internal cooling systems dictate that the suspension is directly exposed to microwave illumination due to the absence of surrounding ice volume. Fourth, four separated water dummy-loads isolate and control thermal heat transfer (conduction) to and from the suspension, thereby diverting a portion of the microwave power away from the suspension. Energy phase-space projections were used to compare the “non-thermal” energy densities of 0.03 to 0.1 kJ·m-1 at 800 W with reported thermal microwave-assisted

关键词： Thermal Non-Thermal Microwave-Assisted Microwave Oven Acoustic Food Microorganisms

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Acoustic properties of sintered FeCrAlY foams with open cells (Ⅰ): Static flow resistance

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 1803-1811页

作者： M. KEPETS A. P. dowling Cambridge University Engineering Department Cambirdge CB2 1PZ U.K.

Open celled metal foams fabricated through the route of metal sintering are a new class of material that offers novel mechanical and acoustic properties. The metal sintering approach offers a cost-effective means for the mass-production of open-cell foams from a range of materials, including high-temperature steel alloys. The mechanical properties of open-celled steel alloy (FeCrAlY) foams have been characterized in previous studies, with focus placed on the influence of processing defects on stiffness and strength. In this work, the low-Reynolds number fluid properties of FeCrAlY foams were investigated both theoretically and experimen- tally. Specifically, the static flow resistance of the sintered foams important for heat transfer, filtration and sound absorption was modeled based on a cylinder and a sphere arranged in a periodic lattice at general incidence to the flow. Experimental measurements were subsequently carried out to validate theoretical predictions, with good agreement achieved.

关键词： metal foam static flow resistance modeling experiment

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Microwave-Assisted Inactivation of Fomite-Microorganism Systems: Energy Phase-Space Projection

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第7期13卷 255-276页

作者： Victor J. Law Denis P. dowling School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

This paper describes the use of log-linear energy phase-space projections to analyze microwave-assisted inactivation of bacteria and viruses under different fomite conditions within multimode microwave ovens. The ovens are operated at a cavity-magnetron frequency of 2.45 ± 01 GHz. Porous fomites (moist face towels, cotton swabs, kitchen sponges, and scrubbing pads, cigarette filters and N95-like respirators);along with non-porous hard surface syringe fomites are studied. The fomites are classed as dielectric;and absorb microwave energy to varying degrees depending on their complex dielectric permittivity. Microorganism resilience to microwave stress (defined as ≥4 log10 reduction in inactivation) when mapped using iso-volume trend-lines in energy phase-space reveals the persistence imparted by the fomite, and can be mapped between different microwave ovens. Microorganism resilience to thermal microwave-assisted treatment increases from vegetative Gram-negative to vegetative Gram-positive and on to Gram-positive spores. Bacteriophage MS2 and influenza viruses have an intermediate resilience dependency. It is shown that linear-scaled fomite temperature against process time graphs can differentiate between non-thermal and thermal micro-wave-assisted treatment of microorganisms.

关键词： Bacteria MS2 Hepatitis C Virus Human Immunodeficiency Virus Influenza Virus Disruption Inactivation Microwave Oven Data Analysis

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Influence of Soil pH, Organic Matter, and Clay Content on Environmentally Available Lead in Soils: A Case Study in Muncie, Indiana, USA

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第10期13卷 414-430页

作者： Abdulgadir Elnajdi Adam Berland Jess Haeft Carolyn dowling Department of Environment Geology and Natural Resources Ball State University Muncie IN USA

Due to historical and ongoing industrial practices, lead contamination in urban soils presents substantial health risks, primarily due to its capacity to readily migrate from the soil to humans. This research focused on the influence of soil pH, organic matter, and clay content on extractable lead amounts. Sixty-four soil samples from Muncie, Indiana, were analyzed, revealing that the examined factors accounted for 21.71% of the Pb mg/Kg-dry variable variance (p −0.4, p < 0.001), with XRD and FTIR analyses confirming the binding affinity of clay minerals with lead. In contrast, no significant relationships were found between Pb concentrations and soil pH (r = 0.07;p = 0.59) or organic matter content (r = 0.12;p = 0.34). Elucidating the interactions between lead, clay minerals, and other soil constituents is crucial for addressing lead-contaminated soils and reducing environmental and health impacts.

关键词： Soil Acidity/Alkalinity Lead Leaching Lead Solubility Health Risks Lead Mobility

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Relationships among Environmental Lead in Playground Soils and Dust and Blood Lead of Children in Muncie, Indiana, USA

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第10期11卷 21-31页

作者： Abdulgadir Elnajdi Adam Berland Carolyn dowling Jessi Haeft Department of Environment Geology and Natural Resources Ball State University Muncie IN USA

The present study was designed to assess lead levels in playground soil and accumulated dust on playground equipment and then correlate those environmental lead measurements with children’s blood lead in the surrounding neighborhoods. Soil lead and surface dust were collected from 14 playgrounds in Muncie, Indiana, and blood lead levels were calculated for nearby children. Correlation analyses revealed a moderate positive association between dust Pb and soil Pb with a correlation coefficient r = 0.46 (p = 0.099). The relationship between settled dust on playground equipment and composite blood lead level also showed a medium positive correlation, indicated by r = 0.36 (p = 0.202). A positive correlation was also observed between soil Pb and composite blood lead values, as evidenced by r = 0.51 (p = 0.061). Furthermore, the assessment of spatial autocorrelation using Moran’s I index indicated no significant spatial clustering for the variables studied (dust Pb, soil Pb, and blood Pb). Correlation analysis showed a connection between lead levels in soil and dust, but no significant links were found between soil lead and blood lead and between dust lead and blood lead. These results suggest that environmental lead in parks has a limited impact on children’s blood lead levels nearby. Spatial autocorrelation analysis also revealed no significant spatial patterns among variables—dust, soil, and blood lead. Given these findings, it is recommended to seek expertise from qualified professionals and further perform comprehensive testing and analysis to investigate potential lead sources in children’s blood. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights into assessing playground environmental lead contamination, contributing to future research priorities in this area. Specifically, future studies could focus on collecting larger sample sizes and characterizing blood lead in children who frequently use playgrounds rather than those who live nearby but may or may not use th

关键词： Heavy Metals Public Health Soil Contamination Urban Parks Health Risk Assessment

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