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Probing atomic-scale symmetry breaking by rotationally invariant machine learning of multidimensional electron scattering

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 595-600页

作者： Mark P.Oxley Maxim Ziatdinov ondrej Dyck Andrew R.Lupini Rama Vasudevan Sergei V.Kalinin Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

The 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)method maps the structure and functionality of solids on the atomic scale,yielding information-rich data sets describing the interatomic electric and magnetic fields,structural and electronic order parameters,and other symmetry breaking distortions.A critical bottleneck is the dearth of analytical tools that can reduce complex 4D-STEM data to physically relevant descriptors.We propose an approach for the systematic exploration of 4D-STEM data using rotationally invariant variational autoencoders(rrVAE),which disentangle the general rotation of the object from other latent representations.The implementation of purely rotational rrVAE is discussed as are applications to simulated data for graphene and zincblende structures.The rrVAE analysis of experimental 4D-STEM data of defects in graphene is illustrated and compared to the classical center-of-mass analysis.This approach is universal for probing symmetry-breaking phenomena in complex systems and can be implemented for a broad range of diffraction methods.

关键词： symmetry breaking rotational

Vacuole Integrity Maintained by DUF300 Proteins Is Required for Brassinosteroid Signaling Regulation

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Molecular Plant 2018年第4期11卷 553-567页

作者： Qinsong Liu Thomas Vain Corrado Viotti Siamsa M, Doyle Danuse Tarkowska ondrej Novak Cyril Zipfel Folke Sitbon Stephanie Robert Daniel Hofius Department of Plant Biology Uppsala BioCenter Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) and Linnean Center for Plant Biology PO Box 7080 750 07 Uppsala Sweden Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Umea Plant Science Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) 90183 Umea Sweden Umea Plant Science Centre Umea University 90187 Umea Sweden Institute of Biochemistry and Biology Plant Physiology University of Potsdam 14476 Potsdam Germany Laboratory of Growth Regulators Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research institute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacky University 783 71 Olomouc Czech Republic The Sainsbury Laboratory Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK These authors contributed equally to this article. Present addresses: Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) College of Life Science China West Normal University Nanchong 637009 Sichuan China Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes du CNRS IBMP-CNRS UPR2357 12 rue du General Zimmer 67084 Strasbourg France

Brassinosteroid （BR） hormone signaling controls multiple processes during plant growth and development and is initiated at the plasma membrane through the receptor kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 （BRI1） together with co-receptors such as BRI1-ASSOClATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 （BAK1）. BRI1 abun- dance is regulated by endosomal recycling and vacuolar targeting, but the role of vacuole-related proteins in BR receptor dynamics and BR responses remains elusive. Here, we show that the absence of two DUF300 domain-containing tonoplast proteins, LAZARUS1 （LAZl） and LAZl HOMOLOG1 （LAZlH1）, causes vacuole morphology defects, growth inhibition, and constitutive activation of BR signaling. Intriguingly, tonoplast accumulation of BAK1 was substantially increased and appeared causally linked to enhanced BRI1 trafficking and degradation in lazl lazlhl plants. Since unrelated vacuole mutants exhibited normal BR responses, our findings indicate that DUF300 proteins play distinct roles in the regulation of BR signaling by maintaining vacuole integrity required to balance subcellular BAK1 pools and BR receptor distribution.

关键词： brassinosteroid signaling vacuole integrity DUF300 proteins tonoplast Arabidopsis

Improving energy efficiency of apple production by reduced application of pesticides

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 93-102页

作者： Aleksandar Sedlar ondrej Ponjican Ferenc Kiss Rajko Bugarin Vladimir Visacki Milivoj Radojcin Krstan Keselj University of Novi Sad Faculty of AgricultureTrg Dositeja Obradovića 821000 Novi SadSerbia University of Novi Sad Faculty of TechnologyBlv.Cara Lazara 121000 Novi SadSerbia

A large number of apple orchards are treated over 20 times during the vegetation period with high application rates(over 1000 L/hm^(2))or medium application rates(500-1000 L/hm^(2))of pesticides which require significant energy input.Experimental research was carried out in the Serbian region of Vojvodina with the aim to show the possibilities to reduce energy usage in apple production by reducing pesticide application rates(200-500 L/hm^(2))and smaller controlled number of treatments with pesticides while maintaining the biological efficiency of apple chemical protection.Research results showed that the cumulative life cycle energy demand of apple production in Vojvodina,assuming a typical 22 annual treatments and relatively high pesticide application rate(1150 L/hm^(2)),was 48 GJ/hm^(2)and energy output was 94 GJ/hm^(2).Reduced number of treatments and lower pesticide application rates have a favorable impact on energy inputs associated with diesel fuel,machinery,chemicals,water and electricity consumption and usage,whereas other energy inputs remain unchanged.The energy input for 12 treatments with pesticide application rates of 381 L/hm^(2)was 36 GJ/hm^(2),which is a 25%reduction in comparison to 22 treatments with a pesticide application rate of 1150 L/hm^(2).Reduced number of treatments and pesticide application rate increased the energy use efficiency from 1.96 to 2.61,energy productivity from 0.82 kg/MJ to 1.09 kg/MJ,and net energy from 46 GJ/hm^(2)to 58 GJ/hm^(2).Results also suggest that applying the correct IPM approach can easily lead to a strong reduction in the number of treatments and a major energy saving.

关键词： apple production energy flow pesticide application rates total energy input energy balancing

The Leaf Reticulate Mutant dovl Is Impaired in the First Step of Purine Metabolism

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1227-1241页

作者： Christian Rosar Kerstin Kanonenberg Arun M. Nanda Michael Mielewczik Andrea Brautigam ondrej Novake Miroslav Strnad Achim Walter Andreas RM. Weber Institute for Plant Biochemistry Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Universitatsstrasse 1 D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany Present address: Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Julich D-52425 Julich Germany Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-2: Plant Sciences Forschungszentrum Julich D-52425 Julich Germany Present address: Institute of Agricultural Sciences Universitatstrasse 2 ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Laboratory of Growth Regulators Palacky University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR Slechtitelu 11 CZ-78371 Olomouc Czech Republic

A series of reticulated Arabidopsis thaliana mutants were previously described. All mutants show a reticulate leaf pattern, namely green veins on a pale leaf lamina. They have an aberrant mesophyll structure but an intact layer of bundle sheath cells around the veins. Here, we unravel the function of the previously described reticulated EMS-mutant dovl （differential development of vascular associated cells 1）. By positional cloning, we identified the mutated gene, which encodes glutamine phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate aminotransferase 2 （ATase2）, an enzyme catalyzing the first step of purine nucleotide biosynthesis, dovl is allelic to the previously characterized cial-2 mutant that was isolated in a screen for mutants with impaired chloroplast protein import. We show that purine-derived total cytokinins are lowered in clovl and crosses with phytohormone reporter lines revealed differential reporter activity patterns in dovl. Metabolite profiling unraveled that amino acids that are involved in purine biosynthesis are increased in dovl. This study identified the mo- lecular basis of an established mutant line, which has the potential for further investigation of the interaction between metabolism and leaf development.

关键词： leaf development reticulated mutants cytokinin growth kinetics purine metabolism.

Computational Studies of Bacterial Colony Model

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2013年第2期3卷 147-157页

作者： ondrej Partl Department of Mathematics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic

Microbiological experiments show that the colonies of the bacterium bacillus subtilis placed on a dish filled with an agar medium and nutrient form varied spatial patterns while the individual cells grow, reproduce and migrate on the dish in clumps. In this paper, we discuss a system of reaction-diffusion equations that can be used with a view to modelling this phenomenon and we solve it numerically by means of the method of lines. For the spatial discretization, we use the finite difference method and Galerkin finite element method. We present how the spatial patterns obtained depend on the spatial discretization employed and we measure the experimental order of convergence of the numerical schemes used. Further, we present the numerical results obtained by solving the model in a cubic domain.

关键词： Bacterial Colony Model Reaction-Diffusion Equations Method of Lines Galerkin Finite Element Method

Differences between young architects'and non-architects'aesthetic evaluation of buildings

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第2期8卷 229-237页

作者： Katarína Safárová Martin Pírko Vojtěch Jurík Tomás Pavlica ondrej Németh Institute of Social Sciences Brno University of TechnologyZizkova 17Brno 602 00Czech Republic Department of Psychology Masaryk UniversityArne Nováka 1Brno 602 00Czech Republic Institute of Architecture Brno University of TechnologyVeverí 331/95Brno 602 00Czech Republic

Previous studies showed significant differences between expert architects and laypeople in aesthetic evaluations of buildings.However,studies exploring the aesthetic preferences of architecture students are lacking.The present study focused on a population of students and young architects to explore the aesthetic opinion shift within architectural careers.This study was intended to be a conceptual replication of the study of Brown and Gifford(2001)in a Central European context.A total of 109 participants(21-28 years old)evaluated 40 randomized pictures of houses to detect whether non-architecture undergraduates and fresh graduates of architecture would express different aesthetic preferences compared with their peers from the general population.The study also examined whether laypersons can predict the preferences of architects,and vice versa.Results show a trend that is contrary to the original research,that is,young architects and laypeople did not significantly differ in their aesthetic evaluations of the given stimuli.Analyses revealed high prediction ability in young architects and their non-architect peers.Moreover,the existing professional experience of young architects had no influence on the accuracy of their estimations.Findings suggest that the professional shift in architects'expertise is obscured at an early career stage,as revealed in their aesthetic preferences.

关键词： Environmental aesthetics Aesthetic preferences Building aesthetics Environmental apperception Professional opinion shift

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实验室用数字图像处理进行三维表面轮廓诊断

Journal of Central South University 2020年第3期27卷 811-823页

作者： Robert FRISCHER ondrej KREJCAR Ali SELAMAT Kamil KUCA Center for Basic and Applied Research Faculty of Informatics and ManagementUniversity of Hradec KraloveRokitanskeho 62Hradec Kralove 50003Czech Republic Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology(MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala LumpurJalan Sultan Yahya PetraKuala Lumpur 54100Malaysia Media and Games Center of Excellence(MagicX) Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310Malaysia School of Computing Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Skudai 81310Malaysia

表面质量和轮廓精度的测量难是许多工业行业中存在的主要问题,半成品的表面质量直接影响到后续的生产步骤。虽然有许多方法可以获得所需的数据,但根据问题的复杂性所需要的测量硬件,比如二维或三维扫描仪,都比较昂贵。因此,本文提出一... 详细信息

表面质量和轮廓精度的测量难是许多工业行业中存在的主要问题,半成品的表面质量直接影响到后续的生产步骤。虽然有许多方法可以获得所需的数据,但根据问题的复杂性所需要的测量硬件,比如二维或三维扫描仪,都比较昂贵。因此,本文提出一种新颖的算法,并在简单的三维扫描仪模型上,以0.1 mm的分辨率的图像处理进行了验证。扫描表面轮廓的方法有很多,但图像处理是目前工业自动化中最热门的课题。最重要的是,为了获得表面图像,使用标准的高分辨率反射相机,以MatLab为软件环境实现后处理。因此,这种解决方案可以替代昂贵的扫描仪,利用单一用途设备的额外功能扩展来实现。

关键词：剖面诊断图像处理三维曲面 MatLab 测量

Design of a kJ-class HiLASE laser as a driver for inertial fusion energy

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 1-10页

作者： Antonio Lucianetti Magdalena Sawicka ondrej Slezak Martin Divoky Jan Pilar Venkatesan Jambunathan Stefano Bonora Roman Antipenkov Tomas Mocek HiLASE Project Institute of Physics AS CR Na Slovance 2 18221 Prague Czech Republic CNR-IFN Via Trasea 7 35131 Padova Italy ELI Beamlines Project Institute of Physics AS CR Na Slovance 2 18221 Prague Czech Republic

We present the results of performance modeling of a diode-pumped solid-state HiLASE laser designed for use in inertial fusion energy power plants. The main amplifier concept is based on a He-gas-cooled multi-slab architecture similar to that employed in Mercury laser system. Our modeling quantifies the reduction of thermally induced phase aberrations and average depolarization in Yb3+:YAG slabs by a combination of helium cryogenic cooling and properly designed(doping/width) cladding materials.

关键词： ASE birefringence cryogenic cooling slab lasers thermooptic effects

Evaluation of SNPs in miR-196-a2, miR-27a and miR-146a as risk factors of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第22期18卷 2827-2831页

作者： Renata Hezova Alena Kovarikova Julie Bienertova-Vasku Milana Sachlova Martina Redova Anna Vasku Marek Svoboda Lenka Radova Igor Kiss Rostislav Vyzula ondrej Slaby Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Zluty kopec 7 656 53 Brno Czech Department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Laboratory of Experimental Medicine Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University and Palacky University Affiliated Hospital Olomouc 775 15 Olomouc Czech

AIM: To investigate whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-196a2, miR-27a and miR146a genes are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: In order to investigate the effect of these SNPs in CRC, we performed a case-control study of 197 cases of sporadic CRC and 212 cancer-free controls originating from the Central-European Caucasian population using TaqMan Real-Time polymerase chain reaction and allelic discrimination analysis. RESULTS: The genotype and allele frequencies of SNPs were compared between the cases and the controls. None of the performed analysis showed any statistically significant results. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a lack of association between rs11614913, rs895819 and rs2910164 and colorectal cancer risk in the Central-European Caucasian population, a population with an extremely high incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer.

关键词：单核苷酸多态性危险因素大肠癌等位基因频率评价 SNPs TaqMan 浓度控制