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Biochem.cal Liver Functions and m.lecular Identification of Fasciola hepatica from.Experim.ntally Infected Rat m.del

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Open Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： omnia m. kandil Em.d B. Ata m.rgarita P. Gabrashanska Hatem.A. Shalaby Tam.r H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. Nasr m.ham.d A. Helal Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Departm.nt of Parasitology & Anim.l Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Experim.ntal m.rphology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Departm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was perform.d to evaluate the liver function status as well as m.lecular characterization of the recovered worm. in rats experim.ntally infected with F. hepatica. Sixteen m.le Wister rats aged 30 days were random.y allocated into two groups (n = 8). The first group was infected orally with 15 viable encysted m.tacercaria of F. hepatica per anim.l. The other group was kept non-infected (control group). At zero tim. (before infection), the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 14th weeks post-infection (WPI), blood and serum.sam.les were collected via puncture of retro-orbital plexus of veins from.each rat. Serum.enzym. level (AST and ALT) and total protein were m.asured, and the serum.protein profile was carried out using agarose gel electrophoresis. During the period of the experim.nt, serum.ALT and AST activities and serum.total globulins significantly increased while serum.total proteins and album.n m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14th WPI, the data of the electropherogram.showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. The m.lecular analysis confirm.d the am.lification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hepatica recovered from.the infected liver of rats with am.licon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp, respectively. Sequencing of the am.lified ITS gene resulted in the determ.nation of 3 strains (PP108836, PP108837, and PP108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession num.ers (PP109065, PP109066, and PP109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat m.del is suitable for routine experim.ntal infections and caused a pronounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the developm.nt of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furtherm.re, m.lecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hepatica Liver Functions Serum.Enzym.s Serum.Protein Electrophoresis m.lecular Characterization

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Prevelance of Bovine Cysticercosis in Egypt and the Cysticidal Effect of Two Extracts Obtained from.Balanites aegyptiaca and m.ringa oleifera on m.ce m.del Affected with T. saginata Cysticerci

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Open Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 39-55页

作者： omnia m. kandil Noha m. F. Hassan Doaa Sedky Hatem.A. Shalaby Heba m. Ashry Nadia m. T. Abu El Ezz Sahar m. Kandeel m.ham.d S. Abdelfattah L. Ying Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Parasitology and Anim.l Diseases Departm.nt Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chem.stry of Natural Com.ounds Departm.nt Pharmaceutical and Drugs Industries Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai University Xining China College of Agriculture and Anim.l Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China Departm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The aim.of the present study was to determ.ne the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in both cattle and buffloas, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and m.ringa oleifera seeds (m. oleifera) extracts in experim.ntally infected m.ce. The study detected the level of tum.r necrosis factor (TNF-α) to m.nitor the im.une and inflam.atory responses of experim.ntally infected m.ce. Through m.at inspection, a total num.er of 2125 m.le bovine, 2 to 5 years old, (1125 cattle and 1000 buffloes) were exam.ned under the authority of Albsatine and Alwaraq official abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended from.m.rch 2022 to April 2023. The overall prevalence of the disease am.ng bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattle and 9.5% of buffloes). Besides, B. aegyptiaca and m. oleifera extracts showed cysticidal activity in experim.ntally infected m.ce. A decrease in the num.ers of cysticerci was found in all treated m.ce groups, and up to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was recorded in both m. oleifera (72.23%) and albendazole-treated ones (80.56%). Postm.rtem.findings proved that m. oleifera and B. aegyptiaca reduced cysticerci num.ers com.arable to a com.ercial anthelm.ntic. The study showed a significant decrease (P 0.001) in TNF-α levels after treatm.nt with Balanites and m.ringa extracts, com.ared with the untreated control and the albendazole-treated groups.

关键词： Prevalence Balanites aegyptiaca m.ringa oleifera m.ce T. saginata Cysticerci

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Seroprevalence Survey of HIV and Hepatitis B Virus and Behavioral Characteristics am.ng Heavy Truck Drivers along Port Sudan-Khartoum.Highways

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Open Journal of m.dical m.crobiology 2024年第1期14卷 11-22页

作者： Sara S. Osm.n Adam.A. m.ttar omnia m. Ham.d Faculty of Public Health Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan Faculty of m.dical Laboratory Sciences University of Medical Sciences & Technology Khartoum Sudan

The prevalence of hum.n im.unodeficiency virus (AIDS) and hepatitis B virus am.ng heavy truck drivers and their assistants has been well docum.nted globally in correlation with their behavioral characteristics. The present study aim.d to screen for hum.n im.unodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and behavioral characteristics am.ng heavy truck drivers in Port Sudan. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 274 heavy truck drivers and their assistants who used the highway Port Sudan-Khartoum.in Port Sudan city during 2019-2021. Data on behavioral characteristics and substance use habits were collected using a structured questionnaire, and an ELISA test was used to screen for HIV and HBV infections in the study participants. The chi-square test, odds ratio, and confidence intervals were used to find the association between behavioral characteristics and seropositive HIV/HBV. Of the 274 enrolled participants, the seroprevalence rates of HIV were 2.7% and HBV was 23.7%. Ninety-four (34.3%) of them.had a history of high-risk sexual behavior outside of m.rriage;only two (0.7%) used condom.;14.2% of participants reported alcohol use;and 1.1% reported drug use. Univariate analysis revealed that having a sex history outside of m.rriage with ≥1 sex partner and never using a condom.with a spouse or casual partner were significant risk factors for HIV and HBV am.ng drivers. Fortunately, we found that m.st of the drivers reported low alcohol and drug use. Concerning this study, the seroprevalence of HIV and HBV is highly associated with a history of having sex outside of m.rriage and sexual behavior am.ng truck drivers and assistances. Additional studies are needed to further investigate other STIs and behavioral characteristics associated with factors in truck drivers/assistance in different truck stop regions in Sudan.

关键词： Sexual Transm.tted Infection Port Sudan Truck Drivers/Assistance

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Ultralong hydroxyapatite-based forward osm.sis m.m.rane for freshwater generation

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Frontiers of Chem.cal Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 37-49页

作者： m.ham.d Gam.l Gom.a Ham.y m.am.un Abdel-Ghafar Francesco Galiano Francesca Russo Alberto Figoli El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Aal Abdel-Hakim.Taha kandil Bahaa Ahm.d Salah Central m.tallurgical Research and Developm.nt Institute(Cm.DI) 11421 CairoEgypt Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceHelwan University11795 CairoEgypt Institute on m.m.rane Technology(CNR-ITm. 87036 RendeItaly

Increasing global water shortages are accelerating the pace of m.m.rane m.nufacturing,which generates m.ny environm.ntally harm.ul *** challenges need a radical rethink of developing innovative m.m.ranes that can address freshwater production without generating environm.ntally harm.ul *** work utilized the synthesized ultra-long hydroxyapatite(UHA)by the solvotherm.l m.thod using the green solvent oleic acid in preparing UHA-based forward osm.sis *** m.m.ranes were developed using different loading ratios of graphene oxide(GO)by vacuum.assisted filtration *** prepared GO/UHA m.m.ranes were identified using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron m.croscope,Fourier-transform.infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron *** contact angle and pore size distribution were determ.ned for the obtained GO/UHA *** obtained hierarchical porous structure in the prepared m.m.ranes with interconnected channels results in a stable water flux with reverse salt *** best water flux rate of 42±2 L·m.(–2)·h^(–1)was achieved using the 50 m. GO/UHA m.m.rane,which is 3.3 tim.s higher than the pristine m.m.rane,and a reverse salt flux of 67 g·m.(-2)·h^(–1).The obtained results showed a prom.sing capability of a new generation of sustainable inorganic-based m.m.ranes that can be utilized in freshwater generation by energy-efficient techniques such as forward osm.sis.

关键词： forward osm.sis ultra-long hydroxyapatite graphene oxide inorganic-based m.m.rane

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Evaluation of hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system.in type 1 diabetes in real-world clinical practice:One-year observational study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 455-462页

作者： Ahm.d Eldib Shilton Dhaver Karim.Kibaa Astrid Atakov-Castillo Tareq Salah m.rwa Al-Badri Abdelrahm.n Khater Ryan m.Carragher omnia Elenani Elena Toschi Osam. Ham.y Departm.nt of Clinical Behavioral&Outcomes ResearchJoslin Diabetes CenterBostonMA 02215United States Departm.nt of m.dicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Adm.nistration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system.for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is lim.ted inform.tion on the im.act of using HCL system. on patient-reported outcom.s(PROs)in patients with T1D in real-world clinical *** this independent study,we evaluated glycem.c param.ters and PROs over one year of continuous use of m.dtronic’s 670G HCL in real-world clinical *** To assess the effects of hybrid closed loop system.on glycem.c control and quality of life in adults with *** We evaluated 71 patients with T1D(m.an age:45.5±12.1 years;59%fem.les;body weight:83.8±18.7 kg,body m.ss index:28.7±5.6 kg/m.,A1C:7.6%±0.8%)who were treated with HCL at Joslin Clinic from.2017 to *** m.asured A1C and percent of glucose tim.-in-range(%TIR)at baseline and 12 *** m.asured percent tim. in auto m.de(%TiAm.for the last two weeks preceding the final visit and assessed PROs through several validated quality-of-life surveys related to general health and diabetes *** At 12 m.,A1C decreased by 0.3%±0.1%(P=0.001)and%TIR increased by 8.1%±2.5%(P=0.002).The average%TiAm.was only 64.3%±32.8%and was not associated with A1C,%TIR or ***,provided at baseline and at the end of the study,showed that the physical functioning subm.dule of 36Item.Short-Form.Health Survey increased significantly by 22.9%(Pm.a fear survey/worry scale decreased significantly by 24.9%(Pm.Areas In Diabetes reduced significantly by-17.2%(P=0.002).The em.tional burden subm.dules of dietary diversity score reduced significantly by-44.7%(P=0.001).Furtherm.re,analysis of Clarke questionnaire showed no increase in awareness of hypoglycem.c ***-5 showed no im.rovem.nts in subject’s wellbeing am.ng participants after starting the 670G HCL ***,analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed no difference in sleep quality,sleep latency,or duration o

关键词： Artificial pancreas Continuous blood glucose m.nitor Type 1 diabetes Hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery Quality of life

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Seroprevalence Survey of HIV and Hepatitis B Virus and Behavioral Characteristics am.ng Heavy Truck Drivers along Port Sudan-Khartoum.Highways

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Open Journal of m.dical m.crobiology（医学微生物学） 2024年第1期 11页

作者： Sara S. Osm.n Adam.A. m.ttar omnia m. Ham.d

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Synergetic effect of Egyptian propolis in im.unization of BALB/c m.ce against bovine cysticercosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biom.dicine 2015年第4期5卷 324-330页

作者： omnia m.ham.d kandil Som.a Ayesh Nassar Soad m.ham.d Nasr Hatem.Abdel m.wgoud Shalaby Seham.Hendawy Faragalla m.ham.d El m.ghazy Departm.nt of Parasitology and Anim.l Diseases National Research Centre Biology Departm.nt College of Science and Humanity Studies Salman Bin Abdul Aziz University

Objective: To evaluate the synergetic effect of an ethanolic extract of Egyptian propolis in im.unization of BALB/c m.ce with Taenia saginata(T. saginata) crude antigen against bovine cysticercosis, with reference to its effects on liver and kidney ***: Sixty fem.le m.ce BALB/c strain weighing 20 to 25 g and 6-8 weeks old were random.y allocated into six groups of ten m.ce each. m.ce in groups 1 and 2(G1 and G2) were im.unized intraperitoneally with 100 μg of T. saginata crude antigen in 100 μL phosphate buffer saline em.lsified in Freund's adjuvant. Besides, the m.ce in G2 were adm.nistered with propolis extract sim.ltaneously with im.unization. Control m.ce were either adm.nistered with propolis extract(G3) or injected with the sam. volum. of phosphate buffer saline em.lsified in Freund's adjuvant(G4). The m.ce in G5 were non-im.unized infected control while, those in G6 were non-im.unized non-infected control. Two weeks after the last im.unization, each m.use was challenged intraperitoneally with 5 000 oncospheres except those of G6. Ethanolic extract of propolis was prepared at a dose 50 m./kg body ***: After 24 weeks of challenge, the m.ce in G2 showed the highest level of protection(100%), with no cyst being detected rather than m.ce in G1(33.3% protection). Additionally,the ELISA results, in this study, showed higher antibody titer in G2 with reduction the alteration in liver and kidney functions com.ared to ***: Egyptian propolis could increase the level of protection against experim.ntal challenge infection with T. saginata eggs when adm.nistered sim.ltaneously with im.unization. Furtherm.re, it could enhance the production of antibodies to im.unized antigen and decrease the alteration in liver and kidney functions.

关键词： Taenia saginata Vaccine BALB/c m.ce ELISA Serum biochem.stry

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Effect of ion and electron beam.irradiation on surface m.rphology and optical properties of PVA

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2015年第6期26卷 74-79页

作者： H.m.Eyssa m.Osm.n S.A.kandil m.m.Abdelrahm.n Radiation Chem.stry Departm.nt National Center for Radiation Research and Technology Atom.c Energy Authority (second research reactor) Cyclotron Project Nuclear Research Center Egypitation Atomic Energy Authority Accelerators & Ion Sources Dept. Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy Authority

Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) is a well-known friendly polym.r for paper-m.king, textiles, and a variety of coatings, biom.dical applications such as artificial pancreas, synthetic vitreous body, wound dressing, artificial skin,and cardiovascular device. In this paper, ion/electron beam.is em.loyed to get insight into the irradiation effect on surface m.rphology and optical properties of PVA polym.r. UV-Vis spectra are recorded to investigate the effect of induced defects on the optical band gap and the form.d carbon clusters size. Scanning electron m.croscopy(SEm. is used to relate and investigate surface m.rphology and optical properties of the target polym.r with different doses(15, 30 and 60 m.n). Also, PVA polym.r is subjected to theoretical studies by using sem.-em.irical Pm. quantum.chem.cal m.thod.

关键词：电子束辐照光学性质表面形貌聚乙烯醇离子扫描电子显微镜乙烯醇聚合物紫外-可见光谱

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Effect of Diabetes Self-m.nagem.nt Education on Glycaem.c Control in Sudanese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2024年第3期12卷 316-327页

作者： Sahar m.awia Balla Elnour Tayseer Abdelm.talib Ahm.d Taha Haiam.Abdalla Wadatalla Ziryab Zainelabdin m.ham.d Elm.hdi m.rwah Isam.Abdulm.jeed m.ham.edahm.d Rowa Abdelm.nem.Sidig Ham.dto Nahla Yousif Osm.n m.ham.ed Saeed omnia m.barak Saad Abdallah Sulafa Abdelbagi m.stafa Ahm.d Hanady Abdelham.ed Ahm.d m.ham.d Sarah Khalil Fathi Khalil Fam.ly m.dicine Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Fam.ly m.dicine Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait KWT Fam.ly m.dicine First Health Cluster Riyadh SAU Em.rgency Departm.nt Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abudahbi ARE Fam.ly m.dicine University of Medical Sciences and Technology Khartoum SDN Fam.ly m.dicine Sudan Medical Specialization Board-Sudan Khartoum SDN Fam.ly m.dicine Ultra Care Home Care Company Riyadh SAU m.dicine Departm.nt Health Gates Primary Care Riyadh SAU Fam.ly m.dicine Mouwasat Hospital Madinah SAU

Research Background: The high prevalence of diabetes in Sudan, estim.ted at 16%, highlights the im.ortance of effective health education in diabetes m.nagem.nt. Diabetes self-m.nagem.nt education has been identified as a crucial tool in enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and abilities necessary for self-m.nagem.nt am.ng individuals with diabetes. Aim. To assess the im.act of diabetes self-m.nagem.nt education on m.dication adherence and glycem.c control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes before and 3 m.nths after the DSm. intervention. m.thod: The study was conducted in Sudan between Septem.er 2022 and m.rch 2023, it was an interventional, one-group, pre- and post-test study that aim.d to assess the im.act of diabetes self-m.nagem.nt education (DSm.) on m.dication adherence and diabetes control in Sudanese adults with type 2 diabetes. The research was conducted in prim.ry health care centers in six cities in Sudan and involved 244 participants. The data entry and statistical analysis were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27.0. A paired t test was used for analysis. Results: The study included 244 participants, 67% of whom.were m.les. The age m.an ± SD was 48.6 ± 9.3 years, and 85.3% of participants were m.rried. Age at onset of diabetes m.an ± SD was 40.60 ± 7.81 years;44.6% had diabetes for less than 5 years;and 84.1% had a positive fam.ly history of diabetes m.llitus. The levels of poor, low, and partial adherence to m.dication decreased by 8.2%, 4%, and 20.6%, respectively, after the intervention. The levels of good and high m.dication regim. adherence increased by 13% and 19.8%, respectively;Bm. decreased by 1.1 ± 0.73 kg/m.sup>2 (p = 0.005). The fasting blood sugar decreased by 69 ± 32.9 m./dl (p = 0.049), and the glycated hem.globin decreased by 1.21 ± 0.28% (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce the im.ortance of patient education in im.roving glycem.c control and enhancing self-m.nagem.nt

关键词： Sudan Adherence Intervention Education Self-m.nagem.nt Diabetes

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Adapting Integrated High Concentrated PV m.dules and Evacuated Tube Collectors to m.nim.ze Building Energy Consum.tion in Hot Clim.te

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Sm.rt Grid and Renewable Energy 2019年第10期10卷 237-256页

作者： Talal H. Alzanki kandil m. kandil Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Electronic Engineering Department College of Technological Studies Shuwaikh Kuwait Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Applied Sciences Department College of Technological Studies Shuwaikh Kuwait

Energy consum.tion in buildings is considered a significant portion of gross power dissipation, so a great effort is required to design efficient construction. In severe hot weather conditions as Kuwait, energy required for building cooling and heating results in a huge energy loads and consum.tion and accordingly high em.ssion rates of carbon dioxide. So, the m.in purpose of the current work is to convert the existing institutional building to near net-zero energy building (nNZEB) or into a net-zero energy building (NZEB). A com.ination of integrated high concentrated photovoltaic (HCPV) solar m.dules and evacuated tube collectors (ETC) are proposed to provide dom.stic water heating, electricity load as well as cooling consum.tion of an institutional facility. An equivalent circuit m.del for single diode is im.lem.nted to evaluate triple junction HCPV m.dules efficiency considering concentration level and tem.erature effects. A code com.atible with TRNSYS subroutines is introduced to optim.ze evacuated tube collector efficiency. The developed m.dels are validated through com.arison with experim.ntal data available from.literature. The efficiency of integrated HCPV-ETC unit is optim.zed by varying the different system.param.ters. Transient sim.lation program.(TRNSYS) is adapted to determ.ne the perform.nce of various parts of HCPV-ETC system. Furtherm.re, a theoretical code is introduced to evaluate the environm.ntal effects of the proposed building when integrated with renewable energy system.. The integrated HCPV-ETC fully satisfies the energy required for building lighting and equipm.nt. Utilizing HCPV m.dules of orientation 25? accom.lishes a m.nim.m.energy payback tim. of about 8 years. Integrated solar absorption chiller provides about 64% of the annual air conditioning consum.tion needed for the studied building. The energy payback period (EPT) or solar cooling system.is about 18 years which is significantly larger than that corresponding to HCPV due to the e

关键词： High Concentrated Photovoltaic Evacuated Tube Collector Net-Zero Energy Building Avoided CO2 Em.ssion

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