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Nonlinear maternal effects on personality in a rodent species with fluctuating densities

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 1-9页

作者： Bram vanden BROECKE Aurelia BONGERS Ladslaus MNYONE Erik MATTHYSEN Herwig LEIRS Evolutionary Ecology Group Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Pest Management Centre Sokoine University of AgricultureP.0.Box 3110 Chuo KikuuMorogoroTanzania

Consistent among individual variation in behavior,or animal personality,is present in a wide variety of *** behavioral variation is maintained by both genetic and environmental *** effects are a special case of environmental variation and are expected to evolve in populations experiencing large fluctuations in their *** represent a non-genetic pathway by which parents can transmit information to their offspring,by modulating their *** it is expected that parental effects contribute to the observed personality variation,this has rarely been studied in wild *** used the multimammate mouse Mastomys natalensis as a model system to investigate the potential effects of maternal personality on offspring *** did this by repeatedly recording the behavior of individually housed juveniles which were born and raised in the lab from wild caught females.A linear correlation,between mother and offspring in behavior,would be expected when the personality is only affected by additive genetic variation,while a more complex relationship would suggests the presence of maternal *** found that the personality of the mother predicted the behavior of their offspring in a non-linear *** behavior of mother and offspring was positively correlated,but only for slow and average exploring mothers,while this correlation became negative for fast exploring *** may suggests that early maternal effects could affect personality in juvenile ***,potentially due to density-dependent and negative frequency-dependent mechanisms,and therefore contribute to the maintenance of personality variation.

关键词： animal personality exploration Mastomys natalensis maternal effects multimammate mice

Developmental- and food-dependent foraging transcript levels in the desert locust

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Insect Science 2013年第6期20卷 679-688页

作者： Julie Tobback Heleen Verlinden Kristel Vuerinckx Rut Vleugels Jozef vanden Broeck Roger Huybrechts Department of Biology K.U.Leuven Naamsestraat 59 3000 Leuven Belgium

Drastic changes in the environment during a lifetime require developmental and physiological flexibility to ensure animal survival. Desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria, live in an extremely changeable environment, which alternates between periods of rainfall and abundant food and periods of drought and starvation. In order to survive, locusts display an extreme form ofphenotypic plasticity that allows them to rapidly cope with these changing conditions by converting from a cryptic solitarious phase to a swarming, voracious gregarious phase. To accomplish this, locusts possess different conserved mediators of phenotypic plasticity. Recently, attention has been drawn to the possible roles of protein kinases in this process. In addition to cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase （PKA）, also cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase （PKG）, which was shown to be involved in changes of food-related behavior in a variety of insects, has been associated with locust phenotypic plasticity. In this article, we study the transcript levels of the S. gregaria orthologue of the foraging gene that encodes a PKG in different food-related, developmental and crowding conditions. Transcript levels of the S. gregariaforaging orthologue are highest in different parts of the gut and differ between isolated and crowd-reared locusts. They change when the availability of food is altered, display a distinct pattern with higher levels after a moult and decrease with age during postembryonic development.

关键词： cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase feeding neuronal plasticity nutri- tional state Schistocerca gregaria

Heterogeneous Multiscale Methods: A Review

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Communications in Computational Physics 2007年第3期2卷 367-450页

作者： Weinan E Bjorn Engquist Xiantao Li Weiqing Ren Eric vanden-Eijnden Department of Mathematics and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Mathematics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Mathematics Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Mathematics Courant Institute of Mathematical SciencesNew York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA.

This paper gives a systematic introduction to HMM,the heterogeneous multiscale methods,including the fundamental design principles behind the HMM philosophy and the main obstacles that have to be overcome when using HMM for a particular *** is illustrated by examples from several application areas,including complex fluids,micro-fluidics,solids,interface problems,stochastic problems,and statistically self-similar *** is given to the technical tools,such as the various constrained molecular dynamics,that have been developed,in order to apply HMM to these *** of mathematical results on the error analysis of HMM are *** review ends with a discussion on some of the problems that have to be solved in order to make HMM a more powerful tool.

关键词： Multi-scale modeling heterogeneous multi-scale method multi-physics models constrained micro-scale solver data estimation.

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Hope and history

Hope and history

作者： William J. vanden Heuvel.

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地理空间约束的业务流程建模方法

软件学报 2015年第3期26卷 584-599页

作者：朱鑫伟朱国宾 Seppe vanden BROUCKE 武汉大学国际软件学院湖北武汉430079 Research Center for Management Informatics KU Leuven

明晰了受地理空间约束的业务流程的两个基本概念:地理位置与地理空间信息.首先,提出了地理空间约束思想,分析了地理空间约束的内涵,并在工作流元模型的知识基础上构建了地理空间约束的UML语义框架;其次,以形式化的方式提出了地理空间约... 详细信息

明晰了受地理空间约束的业务流程的两个基本概念:地理位置与地理空间信息.首先,提出了地理空间约束思想,分析了地理空间约束的内涵,并在工作流元模型的知识基础上构建了地理空间约束的UML语义框架;其次,以形式化的方式提出了地理空间约束的业务流程建模方法(LAWF-net),并描述了LAWF-net模型转化为CPN可执行模型的规则,探讨了地理空间约束对流程建模的影响;最后,通过案例结合GIS系统来扩展CPN Tools,不仅验证了LAWF-net建模方法的可行性,而且实现了地理空间约束的业务流程的可视化.

关键词：地理空间信息业务流程建模地理空间约束 LAWF-net

维普期刊数据库

Does exploratory behavior or activity in a wild mouse explain susceptibility to virus infection？

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 585-592页

作者： Bram vanden BROECKE Benny BORREMANS Joachim MARIEN Rhodes H. MAKUNDI Apia W. MASSAWE Herwig LEIRS Nelika K. HUGHES Evolutionary Ecology Group Department of Biology University of Antwerp Antwerp 2610 Belgium Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA and Pest Management Center Sokoine University of Agriculture Chuo Kikuu Morogoro 3110 Tanzania

Exploration and activity are often described as trade-offs between the fitness benefits of gathering information and resources, and the potential costs of increasing exposure to predators and para- sites. More exploratory individuals are predicted to have higher rates of parasitism, but this relationship has rarely been examined for virus infections in wild populations. Here, we used the multimammate mouse Mastomys natalensis to investigate the relationship between exploration, activity, and infection with Morogoro virus （MORV）. We characterized individual exploratory behav- ior （open field and novel object tests） and activity （trap diversity）, and quantified the relationship between these traits and infection status using linear regression. We found that M. natalensis expresses consistent individual differences, or personality types, in exploratory behavior （repeat- ability of 0.30, 95% CI： 0.21-0.36）. In addition, we found a significant contrasting effect of age on ex- ploration and activity where juveniles display higher exploration levels than adults, but lower field- activity. There was however no statistical evidence for a behavioral syndrome between these 2 traits. Contrary to our expectations, we found no correlation between MORV infection status and exploratory behavior or activity, which suggests that these behaviors may not increase exposure probability to MORV infection. This would further imply that variation in viral infection between individuals is not affected by between-individual variation in exploration and activity.

关键词： animal personality arenavirus disease ecology exploration Mastomys natalensis Morogoro virus.

Routing impact of architecture and damage in programmable photonic meshes

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Photonics Research 2024年第9期12卷 1999-2011页

作者： FERRE vanden KERCHOVE DIDIER COLLE WOUTER TAVERNIER WIM BOGAERTS MARIO PICKAVET IDLab Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imec9052 GhentBelgium Photonics Research Group Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imec9052 GhentBelgium Center of Nano-and Biophotonics Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium

Programmable photonic integrated circuits(PPICs)emerge as a novel technology with an enormous potential for ground-breaking *** architectures are currently being considered that dictate how waveguides should be connected to realize a broadly usable *** focus on the effect of varying connectivity architectures on the routing of *** types of uniform meshes are studied,and we introduce a newly developed mesh that is called ring-connected straight *** provide an analytical formula to calculate exact distances in these meshes and introduce several metrics relating to routing to compare these *** show that hexagonal tiles are the most promising,but the ring-connected straight lines architecture has a use case as *** this,the effect of defect couplers is also *** find that the effects of these failures vary greatly by type and severity on the routability of the mesh.

关键词： straight damage architecture

维普期刊数据库

Characterization of the Bacillus subtilis Penicillin-Binding Protein PBP4

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第3期9卷 164-176页

作者： Arnaud vanden Broeck Eric Sauvage Bernard Joris Colette Duez Institut de Chimie Centre for Protein Engineering University of Liège Liège Belgium Institut de Physique Centre for Protein Engineering University of Liège Liège Belgium

Purpose: The PBP4* is a Penicillin Binding Protein belonging to the class C of AmpH type whose function remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the biophysical and enzymatic properties of the Bacillus subtilis PBP4* to gain insights into its role in the context of bacterial cell wall recycling. Methods: To characterize the PBP4*, the full-length PBP4* and its N-terminal penicillin-binding domain have been produced in Escherichia coli and purified. Results: A comparison of biophysical properties has shown that both recombinant proteins are monomeric in solution and retain the same thermal stability. On the other hand, the D-alanine methyl esterase activity detected with the full-length PBP4* is impeded by the cleavage of the 92 amino acid C-terminal domain. The esterase activity of the full-length PBP4* strates a clear D-stereospecificity. The PBP4* is also active on B. subtilis cell walls bearing teichoic acids, compounds commonly substituted with D-alanine residues. Conclusions: Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis that PBP4* could play a role in recycling cell wall components, as previously suggested.

关键词： B. subtilis PBP4* Class-C PBP D-Stereospecific Esterase

Infrared lasers as a way for selective chemistry and isotope separation

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激光 1980年第Z1期 55-55页

作者： Dr.H.vanden bergh Institute de Chimie Physique Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Switzerland

Unimolecular reactions induced by the absorption of multiple quanta of monochro-matic infrared radiation (hereafter URIMIR) are a new focal point in chemical dyna-mics. Whereas much of the effort in this field is directed toward the unravelling of thedetails of the mechanism by which a single molecule can absorb many tens of infraredphotons, applications in the areas of isotope separation, selective chemical reactions, andchemical kinetics are rapidly developing.

关键词： Infrared lasers as a way for selective chemistry and isotope separation