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Molecular simulation of Cement-Based Materials and Their Properties

Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 165-178页

作者： Ashraf A.Bahraq Mohammed A.al-Osta omar s.baghabra al-amoudi I.B.Obot Mohammed Maslehuddin Habib-ur-Rehman Ahmed Tawfik A.saleh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Hydrated cement is one of the complex composite systems due to the presence of multi-scale phases with varying morphologies.Calcium silicate hydrate,which is the principal binder phase in the hydrated cement,is responsible for the stiffness,strength,and durability of Portland cement concrete.To understand the mechanical and durability behavior of concrete,it is important to investigate the interactions of hydrated cement phases with other materials at the nanoscale.In this regard,the molecular simulation of cement-based materials is an effective approach to study the properties and interactions of the cement system at the fundamental scale.Recently,many studies have been published regarding atomistic simulations to investigate the cement phases to define/explain the microscopic physical and chemical properties,thereby improving the macroscopic performance of hardened binders.The research in molecular simulation of cementitious systems involves researchers with multidisciplinary backgrounds,mainly in two areas:(1)cement chemistry,where the hydration reactions govern most of the chemical and physical properties at the atomic scale;and(2)computational materials science and engineering,where the bottom-up approach is required.The latter approach is still in its infancy,and as such,a study of the prevailing knowledge is useful,namely through an exhaustive literature review.This state-of-theart report provides a comprehensive survey on studies that were conducted in this area and cites the important findings.

关键词： Atomistic simulation Molecular dynamics Cement phases Hydration products Nanoengineering

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Ipsilateral fractures of the acromion and coracoid processes of the scapula

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 121-124页

作者： Yusuf omar Qalib srinivasa Reddy Medagam sunil Dachepalli Department of Orthopaedics The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai519000GuangdongChina Department of Orthopaedics Yashoda HospitalsSomajigudaHyderabadTelangana500082India

A fracture of the acromion and coracoid processes of scapula is rarely seen in the outpatient clinic,due to the acromion's anatomical position and shape,as well as the strong ligaments and muscles that are attached to it.These fractures are caused by either direct or indirect high-energy trauma injuries to the shoulder joint,leading to severe pain and a grossly restricted range of motion.several acromial classifications were reported,but this type of longitudinal plane fracture of the acromion process in our case is yet to be described in the current literature.We present a rare combination of the coracoid process and unstable acromion bony projection fractures that have not previously been noted for this type of fracture.The closest to this is Kuhn's type III classification.A 51-year-old male presented to our emergency department complaining of the right shoulder pain and difficulty raising his arm following a 2-wheeler accident.The patient was managed by open reduction and internal fixation with 3 cannulated cancellous screws fixation and progressed well with no postoperative complications.He was asymptomatic postoperatively and regained full range of motion after 4 months.

关键词： Acromion scapular fracture Coracoid process

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secure and Reliable Routing in the Internet of Vehicles Network:AODV-RL with BHA Attack Defense

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 633-659页

作者： Nadeem Ahmed Khalid Mohammadani ali Kashif Bashir Marwan omar Angel Jones Fayaz Hassan school of Electronic science Beijing University of Post and TelecommunicationBeijing100086China Department of Computer science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggangChina Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen school of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabad502345India Department of Computer science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoUSA College of Computing Capital Technology UniversityLaurelUSA

Wireless technology is transforming the future of transportation through the development of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV).However,intricate security challenges are intertwinedwith technological progress:Vehicular ad hoc Networks(VANETs),a core component of IoV,face security issues,particularly the Black Hole Attack(BHA).This malicious attack disrupts the seamless flow of data and threatens the network’s overall reliability;also,BHA strategically disrupts communication pathways by dropping data packets from legitimate nodes altogether.Recognizing the importance of this challenge,we have introduced a new solution called ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector-Reputation-based mechanism Local Outlier Factor(AODV-RL).The significance of AODVRL lies in its unique approach:it verifies and confirms the trustworthiness of network components,providing robust protection against BHA.An additional safety layer is established by implementing the Local Outlier Factor(LOF),which detects and addresses abnormal network behaviors.Rigorous testing of our solution has revealed its remarkable ability to enhance communication in VANETs.specifically,Our experimental results achieve message delivery ratios of up to 94.25%andminimal packet loss ratios of just 0.297%.Based on our experimental results,the proposedmechanismsignificantly improves VANET communication reliability and security.These results promise a more secure and dependable future for IoV,capable of transforming transportation safety and efficiency.

关键词： Black hole attack IoV vehicular ad hoc network AODV routing protocol

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Assessing the impact of concurrent high-fructose and highsaturated fat diets on pediatric metabolic syndrome:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 62-79页

作者： Manuel alejandro Vargas-Vargas Marcela González-Montoya Olin Torres-Isidro Claudia Isabel García-Berumen omar Ortiz-Avila Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés Christian Cortés-Rojo Instituto de Investigaciones Químico–Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58030MichoacánMexico Facultad de Enfermería Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58020MichoacánMexico

High-saturated fat(HF)or high-fructose(HFr)consumption in children predispose them to metabolic syndrome(Mets).In rodent models of Mets,diets containing individually HF or HFr lead to a variable degree of Mets.Nevertheless,simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr have synergistic effects,worsening Mets outcomes.In children,the effects of HF or HFr intake usually have been addressed individually.Therefore,we have reviewed the outcomes of HF or HFr diets in children,and we compare them with the effects reported in rodents.In humans,HFr intake causes increased lipogenesis,hypertriglyceridemia,obesity and insulin resistance.On the other hand,HF diets promote low grade-inflammation,obesity,insulin resistance.Despite the deleterious effects of simultaneous HF plus HFr intake on Mets development in rodents,there is little information about the combined effects of HF plus HFr intake in children.The aim of this review is to warn about this issue,as individually addressing the effects produced by HF or HFr may underestimate the severity of the outcomes of Western diet intake in the pediatric population.We consider that this is an alarming issue that needs to be assessed,as the simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr is common on fast food menus.

关键词： Fructose saturated fat Metabolic syndrome Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes Ultra processed foods Children Obesity Dyslipidemia Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Diagnostic accuracy of ePOs score in predicting DNR labeling after ICU admission:A prospective observational study(ePOs-DNR)

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 216-221页

作者： omar E.Ramadan Ahmed F.Mady Mohammed A.al-Odat Ahmed N.Balshi Ahmed W.aletreby Taisy J.stephen sheena R.Diolaso Jennifer Q.Gano Waleed Th.aletreby Department of Critical Care King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Nursing Department King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Background Resuscitation can sometimes be futile and making a do-not-resuscitate(DNR)decision is in the best interest of the patient.The electronic poor outcome screening(ePOs)score was developed to predict 6-month poor outcomes of critically ill patients.We explored the diagnostic accuracy of the ePOs score in predicting DNR decisions in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods This study was conducted at the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in saudi Arabia between March and May 2023.Prospectively,we calculated ePOs scores for all eligible consecutive admissions after 48 h in the ICU and recorded the DNR orders.The ability of the score to predict DNR was explored using logistic regression.Youden's ideal cut-off value was calculated using the DeLong method,and different diagnostic accuracy measures were generated with corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results We enrolled 857 patients,125 received a DNR order and 732 did not.The average ePOs score of DNR and non-DNR patients was 28.2±10.7 and 15.2±9.7,respectively.ePOs score,as a predictor of DNR order,had an area under receiver operator characteristic(AUROC)curve of 81.8%(95%CI:79.0 to 84.3,Ps ideal cut-off value>17 was associated with a sensitivity of 87.2(95%CI:80.0 to 92.5,Pspecificity of 63.9(95%CI:60.3 to 67.4,Psitive predictive value of 29.2(95%CI:24.6 to 33.8,Palue of 96.7(95%CI:95.1 to 98.3,Pstic odds ratio 12.1(95%CI:7.0 to 20.8,Psions In this study,the ePOs score performed well as a diagnostic test for patients who will be labeled as DNR during their ICU stay.A cut-off score>17 may help guide clinical decisions to withhold or commence resuscitative measures.

关键词： Do-not-resuscitate(DNR) Resuscitation Intensive care unit(ICU) Diagnostic accuracy sensitivity specificity

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RPL-Based IoT Networks under Decreased Rank Attack:Performance Analysis in static and Mobile Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 227-247页

作者： Amal Hkiri Mouna Karmani omar Ben Bahri Ahmed Mohammed Murayr Fawaz Hassan alasmari Mohsen Machhout Physic Department Electronics and Micro-Electronics LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences of MonastirMonastir5000Tunisia Department of science and Technology College of RanyahTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

The RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)protocol is essential for efficient communi-cation within the Internet of Things(IoT)ecosystem.Despite its significance,RPL’s susceptibility to attacks remains a concern.This paper presents a comprehensive simulation-based analysis of the RPL protocol’s vulnerability to the decreased rank attack in both static andmobilenetwork environments.We employ the Random Direction Mobility Model(RDM)for mobile scenarios within the Cooja simulator.Our systematic evaluation focuses on critical performance metrics,including Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),Average End to End Delay(AE2ED),throughput,Expected Transmission Count(ETX),and Average Power Consumption(APC).Our findings illuminate the disruptive impact of this attack on the routing hierarchy,resulting in decreased PDR and throughput,increased AE2ED,ETX,and APC.These results underscore the urgent need for robust security measures to protect RPL-based IoT networks.Furthermore,our study emphasizes the exacerbated impact of the attack in mobile scenarios,highlighting the evolving security requirements of IoT networks.

关键词： RPL decreased rank attacks mobility random direction model

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A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaikrishna Balakittnen Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange Daniel F.Wallace Pascal H.G.Duijf alexandre s.Cristino Gunter Hartel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Taheri Liz Kenny sarju Vasani Martin Batstone omar Breik Chamindie Punyadeera saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies Health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia school of Biomedical sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia school of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia school of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

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Finite element analysis and experimental validation of polymer-metal contacts in block-on-ring configuration

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 554-568页

作者： K.Y.Eayal AWWAD Khosro FalLAHNEZHAD B.F.YOUsIF Ahmad MOsTAFA omar alAJARMEH A.sHalWAN Xuesen ZENG Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTafila Technical UniversityTafila 66110Jordan Medical Device Research Institute College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversitySouth Australia 5042Australia Centre for Future Materials University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba 4350Australia Department of Manufacturing Engineering Technology Public Authority for Applied Education and TrainingKuwait 13092Kuwait

The wear profile analysis,obtained by different tribometers,is essential to characterise the wear mechanisms.However,most of the available methods did not take the stress distribution over the wear profile in consideration,which causes inaccurate analysis.In this study,the wear profile of polymer–metal contact,obtained by block-on-ring configuration under dry sliding conditions,was analysed using finite element modelling(FEM)and experimental investigation.Archard’s wear equation was integrated into a developed FORTRAN-UMEsHMOTION code linked with Abaqus software.A varying wear coefficient(k)values covering both running-in and steady state regions,and a range of applied loads involving both mild and severe wear regions were measured and implemented in the FEM.The FEM was in good agreement with the experiments.The model reproduced the stress distribution profiles under variable testing conditions,while their values were affected by the sliding direction and maximum wear depth(hmax).The largest area of the wear profile,exposed to the average contact stresses,is defined as the normal zone.Whereas the critical zones were characterized by high stress concentrations reaching up to 10 times of that at the normal zone.The wear profile was mapped to identify the critical zone where the stress concentration is the key point in this definition.The surface features were examined in different regions using scanning electron microscope(sEM).Ultimately,sEM analysis showed severer damage features in the critical zone than that in the normal zone as proven by FEM.However,the literature data presented and considered the wear features the same at any point of the wear profile.In this study,the normal zone was determined at a stress value of about 0.5 MPa,whereas the critical zone was at about 5.5 MPa.The wear behaviour of these two zones showed totally different features from one another.

关键词： polymer-to-metal contact block-on-ring wear profile wear model

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Improving Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease Using KNN Imputed sMOTE Features and TrioNet Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3513-3534页

作者： Nazik alturki Abdulaziz altamimi Muhammad Umer Oumaima saidani Amal alshardan shtwai alsubai Marwan omar Imran Ashraf Department of Information systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department College of Computer science and Engineering University of Hafr Al-BatinHafarAl-Batin39524Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurP.O.Box 63100BahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 151Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616-3793USA Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is a major health concern today,requiring early and accurate diagnosis.Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for disease detection,and medical professionals are increasingly using ML classifier algorithms to identify CKD early.This study explores the application of advanced machine learning techniques on a CKD dataset obtained from the University of California,UC Irvine Machine Learning repository.The research introduces TrioNet,an ensemble model combining extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and extra tree classifier,which excels in providing highly accurate predictions for CKD.Furthermore,K nearest neighbor(KNN)imputer is utilized to deal withmissing values while synthetic minority oversampling(sMOTE)is used for class-imbalance problems.To ascertain the efficacy of the proposed model,a comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted with various machine learning models.The proposed TrioNet using KNN imputer and sMOTE outperformed other models with 98.97%accuracy for detectingCKD.This in-depth analysis demonstrates the model’s capabilities and underscores its potential as a valuable tool in the diagnosis of CKD.

关键词： Precisionmedicine chronic kidney disease detection sMOTE missing values healthcare KNNimputer ensemble learning

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DNBP-CCA:A Novel Approach to Enhancing Heterogeneous Data Traffic and Reliable Data Transmission for Body Area Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2851-2878页

作者： Abdulwadood alawadhi Mohd.Hasbullah omar Abdullah almogahed Noradila Nordin salman A.alqahtani Atif M.alamri InterNetWorks Research Laboratory School of ComputingUniversiti Utara MalaysiaSintok06010Malaysia Faculty of Computer science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaParit RajaJohor86400Malaysia school of Games&Creative Technology University for the Creative ArtsFarnhamGU97DSUK Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

The increased adoption of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technologies has resulted in the widespread use ofBody Area Networks (BANs) in medical and non-medical domains. However, the performance of IEEE 802.15.4-based BANs is impacted by challenges related to heterogeneous data traffic requirements among nodes, includingcontention during finite backoff periods, association delays, and traffic channel access through clear channelassessment (CCA) algorithms. These challenges lead to increased packet collisions, queuing delays, retransmissions,and the neglect of critical traffic, thereby hindering performance indicators such as throughput, packet deliveryratio, packet drop rate, and packet delay. Therefore, we propose Dynamic Next Backoff Period and Clear ChannelAssessment (DNBP-CCA) schemes to address these issues. The DNBP-CCA schemes leverage a combination ofthe Dynamic Next Backoff Period (DNBP) scheme and the Dynamic Next Clear Channel Assessment (DNCCA)scheme. The DNBP scheme employs a fuzzy Takagi, sugeno, and Kang (TsK) model’s inference system toquantitatively analyze backoff exponent, channel clearance, collision ratio, and data rate as input parameters. Onthe other hand, the DNCCA scheme dynamically adapts the CCA process based on requested data transmission tothe coordinator, considering input parameters such as buffer status ratio and acknowledgement ratio. As a result,simulations demonstrate that our proposed schemes are better than some existing representative approaches andenhance data transmission, reduce node collisions, improve average throughput, and packet delivery ratio, anddecrease average packet drop rate and packet delay.

关键词： Internet of Medical Things body area networks backoff period tsk fuzzy model clear channel assessment media access control

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