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Preventive effects of cannabis on neurotoxic and hepatotoxic activities of malathion in rat

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2018年第4期11卷 272-279页

作者： omar m.e.abdel-salam Amany A Sleem eman R Youness Fatma A.morsy Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa extract on the development of neuroand hepato-toxicity caused by malathion injection in rats. methods: The extract of Cannabis sativa was obtained from the plant resin by chloroform treatment. Δ~9-Tetrahydrocannabinol content of the extract(20%) was quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The doses of cannabis extract were expressed as Δ~9-tetrahydrocannabinol content of 10 or 20 mg/kg. malathion(150 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered followed after 30 min by the cannabis extract(10 or 20 mg/kg, subcutaneously). Rats were euthanized 4 h later. malondialdehyde(mDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) activity were determined in brain and liver. Brain 5-lipoxygenase and butyrylcholinesterase(BChe) activity were measured as well. Histopathological examination of brain and liver tissue was also performed. Results: Compared to controls, malathion resulted in increased oxidative stress in brain and liver. mDA and nitric oxide concentrations were significantly increased(Pecreased with respect to control levels(Pmalathion also significantly inhibited PON-1 and BChe activities but had no effect on brain 5-lipoxygenase. Brain mDA concentrations were not altered by cannabis treatment. Cannabis at 20 mg/kg, however, caused significant increase in nitric oxide and restored the GSH and PON-1 activity. Brain BChe activity significantly decreased by 26.1%(Per treatment with 10 mg/kg cannabis. Cannabis showed no effect on brain 5-lipoxygenase. On the other hand, rats treated with cannabis exhibited significantly higher levels of liver mDA, nitric oxide and PON-1 activity compared with the malathion control group. Rats treated with only malathion exhibited spongiform changes, neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and degeneration of some Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. There were also hepatic vacuolar degeneration and dilated an

关键词： Cannabis sativa malathion Liver damage Brain damage Oxidative stress Paraoxonase 5-Lipoxygenase

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Neuroprotection by misoprostol against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2018年第1期11卷 40-47页

作者： omar m.e.abdel-salam Amany A Sleem eman R Youness Nadia A mohammed enayat A omara Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of the prostaglandin e1 analogue misoprostol on oxidative stress and neurodegeration caused by subcutaneous rotenone administration in rats. methods:Rotenone was administered in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Starting from the 1 st day of rotenone injection, rats were subcutaneously treated with misoprostol at doses of10, 100 or 1 000 μg/kg. Rats were evaluated for brain lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde:mDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide(NO) levels, and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) *** concentrations of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell/lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) were determined in the striatum. Histopathologic examination and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the cerebral cortex and striatum were also performed. Results: Compared with the vehicle-treated group, rotenone caused a significant increase in brain lipid proxidation(mDA)by 61%(Pmpanied by an increase in NO by 73.1%(Pecrease in GSH concentration by 29.4%(Pecreased by63.0%(Pecreased by 27.9%(Pespect to the corresponding control value. Brain sections from rotenone treated rats showed extensive dark pyknotic and apoptotic nuclei in neurons, shrunken cytoplasm and perineuronal *** also caused pronounced expression of iNOS in the cerebral cortex and *** with misoprostol at doses of 100 and 1 000 μg/kg resulted in decreased brain mDA(by 16.5%-23.0%)(Pevels(by 37.1%-40.7%)(Peased GSH concentrations(by 18.8%-30.1%)(Peased by80.0%-114.8%(Pmisoprostol at 100 and 1 000 μg/kg, respectively. In addition,misoprostol treatment restored striatal Bcl-2 concentrations to its normal value. misoprostol treatment resulted in markedly reduced brain injury and decreased iNOS expression in the cereb

关键词： misoprostol Rotenone Brain oxidative stress B cell/lymphoma-2 Paraoxonase

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Acetylcholinesterase,butyrylcholinesterase and paraoxonase 1 activities in rats treated with cannabis,tramadol or both

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第11期9卷 1066-1071页

作者： omar m.e.abdel-salam eman R.Youness Yasser A.Khadrawy Amany A.Sleem Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Cairo Department of medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Cairo Department of Physiology National Research Centre Cairo Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Cairo

Objective:To investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa resin and/or tramadol,two commonly drugs of abuse on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities as a possible cholinergic biomarkers of neurotoxicity induced by these ***:rats were treated with cannabis resin(5,10 or 20 mg/kg)(equivalent to the active constituent A'-tetrahydrocannabinol),tramadol(5,10 and 20 mg/kg) or tramadol(10 mg/kg)combined with cannabis resin(5,10 and 20 mg/kg) subcutaneously daily for 6 ***(AChe) and butyrylcholinesterase(BChe) activities were measured in brain and *** also measured the activity of paraoxonase-1(PONl) in serum of rats treated with these ***:(i) AChe activity in brain increased after 10-20 mg/kg cannabis resin(by 16.3%-36.5%).AChe activity in brain did not change after treatment with 5-20 mg/kg *** administration of both cannabis resin(5,10 or 20 mg/kg) and tramadol(10 mg/kg) resulted in decreased brain AChe activity by 14.1%,12.9%and 13.6%,respectively;(ii) BChe activity in serum was markedly and dose-dependenlly inhibited by cannabis resin(by 60.9%-76.9%).BChe activity also decreased by 17.6%-36.5%by 10-20mg/kg tramadol and by 57.2%-63.9%by the cannabis resin/tramadol combined treatment;(iii)Cannabis resin at dose of 20 mg/kg increased serum PONl activity by 25.7%.In contrast,tramadol given at 5,10 and 20 mg/kg resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in serum PON1 activity by 19%,36.7%,and 46.1%,***,treatment with cannabis resin plus tramadol resulted in 40.2%,35.8%,30.7%inhibition of PONl activity compared to the saline ***:these data suggest that cannabis resin exerts different effects on AChe and BChe activities which could contribute to the memory problems and the decline in cognitive function in chronic users.

关键词： Cannabis sativa Tramadol Cholinesterases memory Cognitive decline

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Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers extract protects against the rotenone-induced toxicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2017年第5期10卷 457-466页

作者： omar m.e.abdel-salam eman R.Youness Nadia A.Ahmed Sayed A.el-Toumy Ahmed m.A.Souleman Nermeen Shaffie Dalia m.Abouelfadl Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of medical Biochemistry National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Chemistry of Tannins National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematic National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Pathology National Research CentreCairoEgypt

Objective:To investigate the effect of two extracts of Bougainvillea spectabilis(B. spectabilis) flowers with yellow and pink/purple on brain oxidative stress and neuronal damage caused in rats by systemic rotenone injection. methods:Rotenone 1.5 mg/kg was given three times per week alone or in combination with B. spectabilis flowers extracts(25 mg or 50 mg) via the subcutaneous route for 2 weeks. Brain concentrations of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde(mDA),reduced glutathione,nitric oxide(nitrite),the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta(Il-1β) as well as butyrylcholinesterase,and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) activities,were determined. Histopathology and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry were also performed. Results:Rotenone resulted in significant increases of brain mDA(the product of lipid peroxidation),and nitric oxide content along with decreased brain reduced glutathione. There were also marked and significant inhibition of brain PON-1 and BCh e activities and increased Il-1β in brain of rotenone-treated rats. B. spectabilis flowers extract itself resulted in brain oxidative stress increasing both lipid peroxidation and nitrite content whilst inhibiting PON-1 activity. The yellow flowers extract inhibited BCh e activity and increased brain Il-1β. When given to rotenone-treated rats,B. spectabilis extracts,however,decreased lipid peroxidation while their low administered doses increased brain GSH. Brain nitrite decreased by the pink extract but showed further increase by the yellow extract. either extract,however,caused further inhibition of PON-1 activity while the yellow extract resulted in further inhibition of BChe activity. Histopathological studies indicated that both extracts protected against brain,liver and kidney damage caused by the toxicant. Conclusions:These data indicate that B. spectabilis flowers extracts exert protective effect against the toxic effects of rotenone on brain,liver and kidney. B. spectabilis flowers extracts decreased

关键词： Bougainvillea spectabilis Flowers extract Rotenone Oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease

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Novel neuroprotective and hepatoprorective effects of citric acid in acute malathion intoxication

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第12期9卷 1157-1169页

作者： omar m.e.abdel-salam eman R.Youness Nadia A.mohammed Noha N.Yassen Yasser A.Khadrawy Safinaz ebrahim el-Toukhy Amany A.Sleem Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Pathology National Research Centre Physiology National Research Centre Pharmacology National Research Centre

Objective: To study the effect of citric acid given alone or combined with atropine on brain oxidative stress, neuronal injury, liver damage, and DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced in the rat by acute malathion exposure. methods: Rats were received intraperitoneal(i.p.) injection of malathion 150 mg/kg along with citric acid(200 or 400 mg/kg, orally), atropine(1 mg/kg, i.p.) or citric acid 200 mg/kg+atropine 1 mg/kg and euthanized 4 h later. Results: malathion resulted in increased lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde) and nitric oxide concentrations accompanied with a decrease in brain reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activity, total antioxidant capacity(TAC) and glucose concentrations. Paraoxonase-1, acetylcholinesterase(ACh e) and butyrylcholinesterase activities decreased in brain as well. Liver aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were raised. The Comet assay showed increased DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Histological damage and increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS) were observed in brain and liver. Citric acid resulted in decreased brain lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide. meanwhile, glutathione, GPx activity, TAC capacity and brain glucose level increased. Brain ACh e increased but PON1 and butyrylcholinesterase activities decreased by citric acid. Liver enzymes, the percentage of damaged blood lymphocytes, histopathological alterations and i NOS expression in brain and liver was decreased by citric acid. meanwhile, rats treated with atropine showed decreased brain mDA, nitrite but increased GPx activity, TAC, ACh e and glucose. The drug also decreased DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes, histopathological alterations and i NOS expression in brain and liver. Conclusions: The study demonstrates a beneficial effect for citric acid upon brain oxidative stress, neuronal injury, liver and DNA damage due to acute malathion exposure.

关键词： Citric acid malathion Oxidative stress Paraoxonase 1 Cholinesterase Comet assay

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Gastric acid inhibitory and gastric protective effects of cannabis and cannabinoids

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2016年第5期9卷 401-408页

作者： omar abdel-salam Department of Toxicology and Narcotics Medical Division National Research Centre

Cannabis sativa has long been known for its psychotropic effect. Only recently with the discovery of the cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous legends and the enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation, the role of this ‘endocannabinoid system’ in different pathophysiologic processes is beginning to be delineated. There is evidence that CB1 receptor stimulation with synthetic cannabinoids or Cannabis sativa extracts rich in ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans and in experimental animals. This is specially seen when gastric acid secretion is stimulated by pentagastrin, carbachol or 2 deoxy-D-glucose. Cannabis and/or cannabinoids protect the gastric mucosa against noxious challenge with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ethanol as well as against stress induced mucosal damage. Cannabis/cannabinoids might protect the gastric mucosa by virtue of its antisecretory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilator properties.

关键词： Cannabis sativa Gastric mucosa Gastric acid

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GReeN SYNTHeSIS OF ANTIBACTeRIAL CHITOSAN FILmS LOADeD WITH SILVeR NANOPARTICLeS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第7期31卷 984-993页

作者： Neama A. Reiad omar e. abdel salam ehab F. Abadir Farid A. Harraz Sanitary & environmental engineering Department Housing & Building National Research Center Department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringCairo University Advanced materials Technology Department Central Metallurgical R & D Institute

An eco-friendly chemical reduction method was successfully used for the preparation of chitosan （CTS） composite films loaded with silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） by self assembly method using poly（ethylene glycol） as both reducing and stabilizing agent. UV-Vis spectra of the prepared chitosan loaded silver nanoparticles （CTSLAg） films reveal that full reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles takes place at 90 ℃. The effect of reaction conditions on the silver nanoparticles formation was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The morphology of the films was tested by scanning electron microscopy （Sem）. The DSC curves showed that the CTSLAg film had a favorable compatibility and heat stability. AgNPs were confirmed by XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The Tem findings revealed that the silver nanoparticles synthesized were spherical in shape with uniform dispersal, and by increasing CTS：PeG ratio larger silver nanoparticles could be obtained. The results of antibacterial study reveal that the prepared nanoeomposite films exhibited potential inhibition.

关键词： Chitosan Silver nanoparticles Antibacterial activity.

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Adsorptive removal of iron and manganese ions from aqueous solutions with microporous chitosan/polyethylene glycol blend membrane

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第8期24卷 1425-1432页

作者： Neama A.Reiad omar e.abdel salam ehab F.Abadir Farid A.Harraz Sanitary&environmental Department Housing&Building National Research Center87 el Tahrir st.DokkiEgypt Department of Chemical engineering Faculty of EngineeringCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Advanced materials Technology Department Central Metallurgical R&D InstituteHelwanEgypt

microporous chitosan （CS） membranes were directly prepared by extraction of poly（ethylene glycol）（PeG） from CS/PeG blend membrane and were examined for iron and manganese ions removal from aqueous solutions. The different variables affecting the adsorption capacity of the membranes such as contact time, pH of the sorption medium, and initial metal ion concentration in the feed solution were investigated on a batch adsorption basis. The affinity of CS/PeG blend membrane to adsorb Fe（II） ions is higher than that of mn（II） ions, with adsorption equilibrium achieved after 60 min for Fe（II） and mn（II） ions. By increasing CS]PeG ratio in the blend membrane the adsorption capacity of metal ions increased. Among all parameters, pH has the most significant effect on the adsorption capacity, particularly in the range of 2.9-5.9. The increase in CS/PeG ratio was found to enhance the adsorption capacity of the membranes. The effects of initial concentration of metal ions on the extent of metal ions removal were investigated in detail. The experimental data were better fitted to Freundlich equation than Langmuir. In addition, it was found that the iron and manganese ions adsorbed on the membranes can be effectively desorbed in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution （up to 98% desorption efficiency） and the blend membranes can be reused almost without loss of the adsorption capacity for iron and manganese ions.

关键词： chitosan blend membrane iron and manganese ions adsorption

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Structural, electronic, and optical studies of chalcogenides stannite Cu2CdSnX4（X=S, Se, and Te）: insights from the DFT study

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 69-76页

作者： Jamal GUeRROUm mohamed AL-HATTAB Lhoucine mOUDOU Khalid RAHmANI Youssef LACHTIOUI omar BAJJOU Laboratory of engineering in Chemistry and Physics of matter Faculty of Sciences and Technics Sultan Moulay Slimane University ecole Normale Supérieure Mohammed V University in Rabat College of Graduate Studies University of South Africa

In this paper,we have calculated the structural,electronic,and optical properties of chalcogenide stannite Cu2CdSnX4（X=S,Se,Te） *** calculations are based on the density functional theory （DFT） method and are performed using the Cambridge sequential total energy package （CASTeP） code included in the Biovia material Studio 20 *** optical properties have been studied in a domain that extends energetically from 10 meV to 40 *** results show that Cu2CdSnX4（X=S,Se,Te） stannite exhibits absorption in the visible region,the refractive index decreases with increasing energy,and the refractive index values are n=3.2,3.73 and 3.75 for Cu2CdSnS4,Cu2CdSnSe4and Cu2CdSnTe4,*** show also high conductivity,which implies that this material is promising for solar *** results argue in favor of the use of these materials in various potential *** density of state,band structures,and structural properties of Cu2CdSnX4（X=S,Se,and Te） stannite are also studied in this work.

关键词： Refractive index

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multifunction Battery energy Storage System for Distribution Networks

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energy engineering 2022年第2期119卷 569-589页

作者： omar H.Abdalla Gamal abdel-salam Azza A.A.mostafa Department of electrical Power&machines Helwan UniversityCairoEgypt Technical Affairs Sectors South Cairo Electricity Distribution CompanyCairoEgypt Department of energy efficiency and Renewables Egyptian Electric Utility and Customer Protection Regulatory AgencyCairoEgypt

Battery energy Storage System(BeSS)is one of the potential solutions to increase energy system flexibility,as BeSS is well suited to solve many challenges in transmission and distribution *** of distribution network’s challenges,which affect network performance,are:(i)Load disconnection or technical constraints violation,which may happen during reconfiguration after fault,(ii)Unpredictable power generation change due to Photovoltaic(PV)penetration,(iii)Undesirable PV reverse power,and(iv)Low Load Factor(LF)which may affect electricity *** this paper,the BeSS is used to support distribution networks in reconfiguration after a fault,increasing Photovoltaic(PV)penetration,cutting peak load,and loading valley *** paper presents a methodology for BeSS optimal locations and sizing considering technical constraints during reconfiguration after a fault and PV power generation *** determining themaximumpower generation change due to PV,actual power registration of connected PV plants in South Cairo electricity Distribution Company(SCeDC)was considered for a *** addition,the paper provides a procedure for distribution network operator to employ the proposed BeSS to perform multi functions such as:the ability to absorb PV power surplus,cut peak load and fill load valley for improving network’s *** methodology is applied to a modified Ieee 37-node and a real network part consisting of 158 nodes in SCeDC *** simulation studies are performed using the DIgSILeNT PowerFactory software andDPL programming *** mixed Integer Linear Programming optimization technique(mILP)in mATLAB is employed to choose the best locations and sizing of BeSS.

关键词： Battery energy storage system photovoltaic penetration peak load reduction valley filling mILP optimization

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