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Global geoepidemiology of gastrointestinal surgery rates in Crohn’s disease

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1835-1844页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton Bangolo Vignesh K Nagesh Htat Aung Midhun Mathew Lino Garcia Shiva A Chandar praveena Karamthoti Harinder Bawa Aseel Alshimari Yabets Kejela Nazish Mehdi Chrishanti A Joseph Athri Kodali Rohan Kumar priya Goyal Sanya Satheesha Fnu Nivedita Nicole Tesoro Tanni Sethi Gurpreet Singh Areej Belal Alina Intisar Hirra Khalid Samuel Cornwell Suchith B Suresh Kareem Ahmed Karabo K Marole om p anand Rahat B Reshi Tej I Mehta Sameh Elias Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21218United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

BACKGROUND Data regarding the worldwide gastrointestinal surgery rates in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)remains *** To systematically review the global variation in the rates of surgery in *** A comprehensive search analysis was performed using multiple electronic databases from inception through July 1,2020,to identify all full text,randomized controlled trials and cohort studies pertaining to gastrointestinal surgery rates in adult patients with *** included continent based demographic data,CD surgery rates over time,as well as the geoepidemiologic variation in CD surgery *** analyses were conducted using *** Twenty-three studies spanning four continents were *** median proportion of persons with CD who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in studies from North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania were 30%(range:1.7%-62.0%),40%(range:0.6%-74.0%),17%(range:16.0%-43.0%),and 38%*** clear association was found regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time in North America(R^(2)=0.035)and Europe(R^(2)=0.100).A moderate,negative association was seen regarding the proportion of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery over time(R^(2)=0.520)in *** There appears to be significant inter-continental variation regarding surgery rates in *** evidencebased guidelines accounting for the geographic differences in managing patients with CD is ***,as a paucity of data on surgery rates in CD exists outside the North American and European continents,future studies,particularly in less studied locales,are warranted.

关键词： Gastrointestinal surgery Crohn’s disease Geoepidemiology Inflammatory bowel disease prevalence

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Numerical Analysis of phase Change and Container Materials for Thermal Energy Storage in the Storage Tank of Solar Water Heating System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 408-421页

作者： SINGH Shailendra anand Abhishek SHUKLA Amritanshu SHARMA Atul Non-Conventional Energy Laboratory Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum TechnologyJais Amethi229304India

This study evaluates the effectiveness of phase change materials(pCMs) inside a storage tank of warm water for solar water heating(SWH) system through the theoretical simulation based on the experimental model of *** et *** model is explained by five fundamental equations for the calculation of various parameters like the effectiveness of pCMs,the mass of hot water,total heat content,and duration of *** study simulated eleven pCMs to analyze their effectiveness like Sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate(SHpD),om 37,N-Eicosane(NE),Lauric acid(LA),paraffin wax(pW),om 48,paraffin wax C_(20-33)(pW-C20-33),Sodium acetate trihydrate(SAT),palmitic acid(pA),Myristic acid(MA),and Stearic acid(SA).Among all pCMs,the SHpD has found the highest value of effectiveness factor of ***,it is the most recommended pCM for the storage tank of the SWH *** study also includes the melt fraction analysis of all enumerated pCMs corresponding to container materials of stainless steel,glass,aluminum mixed,tin,aluminum,and *** melt fraction analysis is performed by making a coding program in the FORTRAN programming *** the analysis,copper container material is found to have high melting rate for all pCMs so it is superior to other container materials.

关键词： theoretical model solar water heating system phase change material effectiveness factor melt fraction

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Substitution of pb with (Li_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)) in pbZrO_(3)-based antiferroelectric ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2024年第1期14卷 74-81页

作者： Binzhi Liu anand p.S.Gaur Jun Cui Xiaoli Tan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA 50011USA

pbZrO_(3)-based antiferroelectric(AFE)ceramics are promising dielectrics for high-energy-density capacitors due to their reversible phase transitions during charge-discharge *** this work,a new composition series,[pb_(0.93-x)La_(0.02)(Li_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))_(x)Sr_(0.04)][Zr_(0.57)Sn_(0.34)Ti_(0.09)]O_(3),with Li^(+)and Bi^(3+)substitution of pb^(2+)at x=0,0.04,0.08,0.12,0.16 is investigated for the microstructure evolution,ferroelectric(FE)and dielectric *** is found that Li^(+) and Bi^(3+) substitution can significantly reduce the sintering temperature and simultaneously enhance the dielectric breakdown *** ultrahigh energy efficiency(94.0%)and a large energy density(3.22 J/cm^(3))are achieved in the composition of x=0.12 with a low sintering temperature(1075℃).

关键词： pbZrO_(3)-based antiferroelectrics LiþBi substitution energy storage energy efficiency

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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 572-586,I0059-I0061页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder SINGH Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEDI pranab Kumar MANDAL Milan Kumar LAL prakash Kumar JHA p.V.Vara pRASAD Anjali anand Division of plant physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)New Delhi 110012India Division of Environment Science ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India Division of Genetics ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India ICAR-National Institute for plant Biotechnology New Delhi 110012India Division of Crop physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research InstituteCuttack 753006India Department of plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762USA Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

关键词： high night temperature inferior grain pasting property radiolabeled sugar superior grain

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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice Science 2024年第5期 572-589页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder SINGH Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEDI pranab Kumar MANDAL Milan Kumar LAL prakash Kumar JHA p.V.Vara pRASAD Anjali anand Division of plant physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI) Division of Environment Science ICAR-IARI Division of Genetics ICAR-IARI ICAR-National Institute for plant Biotechnology Division of Crop physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Department of plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State University Department of Agronomy Kansas State University

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures（HNT） could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana（HNT-sensitive） and Nagina 22（HNT-tolerant）, were exposed to HNT（4 ℃ above the control） from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source（flag leaf） and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks（superior and inferior spikelets）. Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of14C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

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Endoscopic full-thickness plication along with argon plasma coagulation for treatment of proton pump inhibitor dependent gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第5期16卷 250-258页

作者： Yogesh Harwani Shreya Butala Balaji More Varun Shukla anand patel Department of Gastroenterology Nobel Gastro HospitalAhmedabad 408409GujaratIndia Department of Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia Department of pharmacology Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research InstitutePuducherry 607402PuducherryIndia Department of Gastroenterology Noble Institute of GastroenterologyAhmedabad 380009GujratIndia

BACKGROUND Most endoscopic anti-reflux interventions for gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)management are technically challenging to practice with inadequate data to support it ***,this study was carried to evaluate the effectiveness and safety newer endoscopic full-thickness fundoplication(EFTp)device along with Argon plasma Coagulation to treat individuals with *** To evaluate the effectiveness and safety newer EFTp device along with Argon plasma Coagulation to treat individuals with *** This study was a single-center comparative analysis conducted on patients treated at a Noble Institute of Gastroenterology,Ahmedabad,hospital between 2020 and *** research aimed to retrospectively analyze patient data on GERD symptoms and proton pump inhibitor(ppI)dependence who underwent EFTp using the GERD-X system along with argon plasma coagulation(ApC).The primary endpoint was the mean change in the total gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life(GERD-HRQL)score compared to the baseline measurement at the 3-month *** endpoints encompassed enhancements in the overall GERD-HRQL score,improvements in GERD symptom scores at the 3 and changes in ppI usage at the 3 and 12-month time *** In this study,patients most were in Hill Class II,and over half had ineffective esophageal *** the EFTp procedure,there were significant improvements in heartburn and regurgitation scores,as well as GERDHRQL scores(pppI use significantly decreased,with 82.6%not needing ppIs or prokinetics at end of 1 *** significant adverse events related to the procedures were observed in either *** The EFTp along with ApC procedure shows promise in addressing GERD symptoms and improving patients'quality of life,particularly for suitable ***,the application of a lone clip with ApC yielded superior outcomes and exhibited greater cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Endoscopy Quality of life Endoscopic antireflux interventions Retrospective data analysis Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptom scores proton pump inhibitor

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of pKM supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel anand p.Sharda Mackenzie M.Lieberman Caitlin M.James Shivana M.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew M.Intlekofer Richard M.Higashi Teresa W.M.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin p.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and pathogenesis program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA present address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA present address:Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the M1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of pKM2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,pKM alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven pI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 pKM2

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Fault Detection for Microgrid Feeders Using Features Based on Superimposed positive-sequence power

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1948-1958页

作者： Salauddin Ansari om Hari Gupta om p.Malik Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur 831014India IEEE Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary Alberta T2N 1N4Canada

With the integration of distributed generation(DG) into a microgrid, fault detection has become a major task to accomplish. A scheme for microgrid feeder protection based on a newly proposed feature, ΔRp, defined as the ratio of the sum of positive-sequence real power(pSRp) at the two ends of the feeder to the larger of the pSRps among the two ends, is proposed. If ΔRp is larger than a threshold, an internal fault is detected;otherwise, the fault is external or there is no fault. The proposed scheme is tested in various scenarios, including fault type, fault resistance, fault location, fault inception angle, varying DG penetration levels, and simultaneous, evolving, and composite faults. In addition to this, the proposed scheme offers a robust performance when subjected to noise, synchronization error, changes in sampling frequency, and changes in the topology of a microgrid. The dominancy of the proposed scheme is proven by a comprehensive comparative study with various available recent schemes. Test results on the IEEE 13-bus network indicate the viability of the proposed protection scheme for a microgrid. Finally, the proposed scheme has been validated on a real-time simulator.

关键词： Fault detection distributed generation microgrid protection superimposed power

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Solitary kinetic Alfvén waves in a dense electron–positron–ion plasma with degenerate electrons and positrons

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plasma Science and Technology 2017年第12期19卷 42-49页

作者： Monzurul K AHMED om p SAH Depatment of physics Birjhora MahavidyalayaBongaigaon-783380AssamIndia

Through the use of a reductive perturbation technique, solitary kinetic Alfvén waves（KAWs） are investigated in a low but finite b（particle-to-magnetic pressure ratio） dense electron–positron–ion plasma where electrons and positrons are degenerate. The degenerate plasma model considered here permits the existence of sub-Alfvénic compressive solitary KAWs. The influence of r（equilibrium positron-to-ion density ratio）, sF（electron-to-positron Fermi temperature ratio）, b and obliqueness parameter lzon various characteristics of solitary KAWs are examined through numerical plots. We have shown that there exists a critical value of lzat which a soliton width attains its maximum value which decreases with an increase in r and *** is also found that solitons with a higher energy propagate more obliquely in the direction of an ambient magnetic field. The results of the present investigation may be useful for understanding low frequency nonlinear electromagnetic wave propagation in magnetized electron–positron–ion plasmas in dense stars. Specifically, the relevance of our investigation to a pulsar magnetosphere is emphasized.

关键词： kinetic Alfvén waves solitons electron–positron–ion plasma degenerate plasma Thomas–Fermi approximation

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Solitary kinetic Alfven waves in dense plasmas with relativistic degenerate electrons and positrons

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plasma Science and Technology 2019年第4期21卷 85-93页

作者： Monzurul K AHMED om p SAH Department of physics Biijhora MahavidyalayaBongaigaon-783380AssamIndia

propagation of solitary kinetic Alfven waves(KAWs)is investigated in small but finite/3(particle-to-magnetic pressure ratio)collisionless dense plasma whose constituents are non degenerate wann ions,and relativistic degenerate electrons and *** the use of reductive perturbation technique,Kortweg-de Vries equation is derived to obtain small amplitude localized wave solution of *** effects of plasma 0,positron concentration,electron relativistic degeneracy parameter,ion thermal temperature and obliqueness parameter on solitary KAWs are *** results of this theoretical investigation are aimed at elucidating characteristics of kinetic Alfven solitary waves in relativistic degenerate e-p-i plasmas found in dense astrophysical objects specifically neutron stars and white dwarfs.

关键词： solitary kinetic Alfven waves dense plasmas electron-positron-ion plasma,relativistic degenerate plasma reductive perturbation technique

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