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Transmission dynamics of onchocerciasis with two classes of infection and saturated treatment function

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International journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2020年第5期11卷 184-207页

作者： Amos Sesan idowu Oluwatayo Michael Ogunmiloro Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical Science University of IlorinIlorinKwara StateNigeria Department of MathematicsFaculty of Science Ekiti State UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Oluwatayo Michael

A mathematical model describing the epidemic interactions between humans and blackflies in the transmission of onchocerciasis is *** this model,the onchocerciasis infected human individuals are divided into two classes of infected humans with high and low microfilarial output incorporating saturated treatment function,which caters for high saturation of onchocerciasis *** analyze the model feasible region and obtain the basic reproduction number(R_(hb))using the next generation matrix ***,we obtain the onchocerciasis-free and onchocerciasis endemic equilibrium solutions and show that if R_(hb) is less than unity,the onchocerciasis-free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically ***,we employed a Lyapunov function to analyze the global asymptotic stability of the onchocerciasis—endemic equilibrium whenever Rhb is greater than *** addition,data on mass drug distribution of ivermectin drug to combat onchocerciasis prevalence in Ekiti state of Nigeria were fitted to the *** results reveal that consistent annual or bi-annual distribution of ivermectin drug in the region is effective in reducing the disease *** simulations also show that public health control measures are needed to minimize infectious contact between humans and blackflies which leads to onchocerciasis infections and visual blindness.

关键词： Onchocerciasis saturated treatment function basic reproduction number stability analysis

Chrysobalanus icaco:A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第1期19卷 13-19页

作者： Hammed Ayantola Onilude Mutiu idowu Kazeem Oluwatosin Benedict Adu Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceLagos State UniversityOjoLagos 102101Nigeria

The genus Chrysobalanus is one of the classes of medicinal plants used in the treatment and management of several *** study is aimed at providing up-to-date information on the phytochemical composition and pharmacological uses of Chrysobalanus *** literature on the Chrysobalanus species was obtained by searching electronic databases such as Pub Med,Google Scholar and Web of *** the species in this genus,four have been reported in the literature,but only one(***)has been extensively *** is rich in several minerals,including potassium,magnesium,calcium and *** plant also contains a host of phytochemicals,such as flavonoids,diterpenes and triterpenes,which have been shown to have pharmacological *** can be concluded that *** is a good source of phytochemicals that contribute to its therapeutic ***,bioassay-guided isolation of its bioactive compounds is necessary for promoting the development of drugs from this medicinal plant.

关键词： Chrysobalanaceae Cocoplum Diabetes mellitus Triterpenes Fruit

An extended sparsemax-linearmoving model with application to high-frequency financial data

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2017年第1期1卷 92-111页

作者： Timothy idowu Zhengjun Zhang Department of Statistics University ofWisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

There continues to be unfading interest in developing parametric max-stable processes for modelling tail dependencies and clustered extremes in time series ***,this comes with some difficulties mainly due to the lack of models that fit data directly without transforming the data and the barriers in estimating a significant number of parameters in the existing *** thiswork,we study the use of the sparsemaxima ofmovingmaxima(M3)*** introducing random effects and hidden Fréchet type shocks into the process,we get an extended maxlinear *** extended model then enables us to model cases of tail dependence or independence depending on parameter *** present some unique properties including mirroring the dependence structure in real data,dealing with the undesirable signature patterns found in most parametricmax-stable processes,and being directly applicable to real *** inference approach is developed for the proposed model,and it is applied to simulated and real data.

关键词： Extreme value theory max-stable processes time series Bayesian inference max-linear models high-frequency financial data

Antioxidant, antibacterial and phytochemical properties of two medicinal plants against the wound infecting bacteria

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 817-825页

作者： idowu jonas Sagbo Anthony jide Afolayan Graeme Bradley Department of Botany University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant, antibacterial and phytochemical properties of ethanol extracts of Brachylaena elliptica and Brachylaena ilicifolia against wound infecting bacteria normally found in diabetic ***: The in vitro antioxidant activity of the two plants extracts were investigated spectrophotometrically using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) and ferric reducing power. The antibacterial assay and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined using the agar dilution method against five bacteria strains using amoxycillin and ciprofloxacin as positive control. The phytochemical analyses(tannins,total phenol, flavonoids, flavonols, proanthocyanidin, alkaloids and saponins) were assessed using standard ***: The ethanol extract of both plants exhibited strong antioxidant activities in some cases when compared to the standards(vitamin C and BHT). The antibacterial activity of both plants showed an appreciable broad spectrum activity against these wound pathogens with MIC value ranges between 0.3 mg/m L and 5 mg/m L. Tannins,phenols, flavanols, proanthocyanidins and alkaloids content of B. ilicifolia were significantly higher than those in B. elliptica. However, there were no significant differences in the flavanoid content of both plants ***: These results indicated that the ethanol leaf extracts of these plants have antioxidant and antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria possibly due to the presence of bioactive compounds and therefore could be used as alternative therapy against wound infection caused by these bacteria in diabetic patients.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Antioxidant Phytochemical Brachylaena elliptica Brachylaena ilicifolia Wound

ZnCl2 Enhanced Acid Hydrolysis of Pretreated Corncob for Glucose Production:Kinetics,Thermodynamics and Optimization Analysis

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journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2019年第3期4卷 15-24页

作者： A I ADEOGUN B E AGBOOLA M A idowu T A SHITTU Department of Chemistry Federal University of AgricultureAbeokuta Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of AgricultureAbeokuta

The biomass of agricultural wastes as a source of fermentable sugars for biofuels production will address the food security and environmental preservation *** wastes are rich in lignocellulosic materials which can be hydrolyzed into fermentable ***,low sugar yield and high energy consumption are some of the challenges faced in the process of *** study investigated the low-cost corncob substrate for glucose production by dilute sulphuric acid hydrolysis in the presence of ZnCl_(2) at temperatures below 100℃after pretreatment with 10%*** dependent hydrolysis data were analyzed by Saeman model,thermodynamic parameters were obtained using Erying and Arrhenius equations while Box-Behnken model(Design Expert 6.0 version)was used for experimental *** the substrate concentration increased from 50 mg/L to 150 mg/L,glucose yield increased from 10.4 mg/g to 14.6 mg/g for pretreated corncob while an increase from 3.4 mg/g to 8.6 mg/g was noted for untreated *** hydrolysis rate constant was two orders of magnitude higher than the degradation rate *** parameters revealed endothermic process with positive Gibb’s free energy of hydrolysis having average values of 84.76 kj/mol and 79.87 kj/mol for pretreated and untreated samples *** optimum yield from the model was found to be 177.44 mg/g with 3.94%H_(2)SO_(4) and 0.43 mol/L ZnCl_(2) for 200 g/L compared with optimum yield of 46.37 mg/g obtainable without ZnCl_(2).The results of this study showed that the alkaline pretreatment of corncob increased the accessibility of cellulose from the solid fraction and increase glucose production.

关键词： hydrolysis Saeman’s model Erying equation Box Behnken model design expert alkaline pretreatment

Upper arm composition and nutritional status of school children and adolescents in Abeokuta,Southwest Nigeria

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World journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 336-342页

作者： idowu Odunayo Senbanjo Kazeem Adeola Oshikoya Olisamedua Fidelis Njokanma Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagos State 100001Nigeria Pharmacology Department Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagosNigeria Academic Division of Child Health Medical SchoolUniversity of NottinghamDerbyshire Children's HospitalUttoxeter RoadDerby DE223DTUK

Background:Upper arm composition is a reflection of body protein and calorie ***,there is a paucity of data on upper arm composition of children from African countries,including *** study aimed to determine the composition of upper arm and nutritional status of school children in Abeokuta,Nigeria and to compare with international reference *** sensitivity and specifi city of upper arm muscle area by height(UAMAH)as a nutritional assessment tool was also ***:Five hundred and seventy children aged 5 to 19 years were selected from seven schools using multistage random ***,height,mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)and triceps skin fold thickness(TSF)were *** mass index,upper arm muscle area(UAMA),upper arm fat area(UAFA),fat percentage and UAMAH were ***:The TSF,UAFA and fat percentage were significantly higher in females than males at each age *** and UAMA were significantly higher in female children aged 10-14 years,whereas UAMA was significantly higher in male children aged 15-19 *** and UAFA of the children were lower than those of Americans but similar to those of Zimbabweans,and higher than those of *** sensitivity and specifi city of UAMAH for detecting wasting were 80.8%and 63.9%,respectively,whereas the corresponding values for stunting were 32.2%and 58.2%,***:The school children studied have a combination of poor calorie and protein *** may be a valuable tool for complete evaluation of the nutritional status of school children.

关键词： nutritional status school children upper arm fat upper arm muscle

A review on the consumption of vended fruits: microbial assessment, risk, and its control

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Food Quality and Safety 2020年第2期4卷 77-81页

作者： Oluwakemi Osarumwense Igiehon Ademola Ezekiel Adekoya Anthony Temitope idowu Department of Microbiology Faculty of Life ScienceUniversity of BeninEdo StateNigeria Department of Thai Traditional Medicine Prince of Songkla UniversitySongkhla Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro-IndustryPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand

Fruits are very beneficial to health and their consumption has been recommended in daily ***,when fresh fruits are harvested and processed into sliced ready-to-eat or vended forms for sale,hygienic procedures are ***,they are easily infested by *** addition,uneducated vendors who sell these fruits often display or hawk them on the streets in contaminated containers,utensils,or dirty *** poses a great threat to the health of *** the light of this realization,some microbial assessments have been carried out to ascertain the safety of these vended fruits,thus making it a necessity to exploit the outcomes of some of these microbial assessments on vended fruits in order to sensitize the consumers on the effect of their consumption and mitigate risk by improving their *** will assist to lower certain health concerns,an outbreak of diseases,and death.

关键词： vended fruits microbial assessment risk control and consumption

Social Factors Affecting Wetlands Utilization for Agriculture in Nigeria: A case study of sawah rice production

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Rice science 2008年第2期15卷 150-152页

作者： OLADELE Oladimeji idowu Toshiyuki WAKATSUKI Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development University of Ibadan Faculty of Agriculture Kinki University

Wetlands have immense poverty-fighting potentials and in Nigeria, more and more people are dependent on wetlands for their livelihoods. To examine the social factors affecting the current status of the wetlands utilization for agriculture in Nigeda, a simple random sampling technique was used to select 200 farmers cultivating wetlands and a structured questionnaire was applied to elicit the information on the social factors. Data collected were described using frequency and percentage and a multiple regression analysis was used to identify significant variables that are determinants of wetland utilization. The results of the analysis showed that significant variables included crop preferences, farming system, culture, taste, land tenure, knowledge of wetland cultivation, perceived suitability, farmers＇ tribe, location of wetland, and farmers＇ age. it was concluded with suggestions for the right combination of policies, public awareness, and appropriate farming methods in order to improve wetland utilization in Nigeria.

关键词： social factors current status wetlands utilization agriculture sawah rice production

Hate speech detection in Twitter using hybrid embeddings and improved cuckoo search-based neural networks

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International journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第4期13卷 485-525页

作者： Femi Emmanuel Ayo Olusegun Folorunso Friday Thomas Ibharalu idowu Ademola Osinuga Computer Science College of Natural and Applied SciencesMcPherson UniversitySeriki SotayoNigeria Computer Science College of Natural SciencesFederal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria Computer Science Federal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria Mathematics Federal University of Agriculture AbeokutaAbeokutaNigeria

Purpose-Hate speech is an expression of intense *** has become a popular analytical tool for the prediction and monitoring of abusive *** speech detection with social media data has witnessed special research attention in recent studies,hence,the need to design a generic metadata architecture and efficient feature extraction technique to enhance hate speech ***/methodology/approach-This study proposes a hybrid embeddings enhanced with a topic inference method and an improved cuckoo search neural network for hate speech detection in Twitter *** proposed method uses a hybrid embeddings technique that includes Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)for word-level feature extraction and Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)which is a variant of recurrent neural networks architecture for sentence-level feature *** extracted features from the hybrid embeddings then serve as input into the improved cuckoo search neural network for the prediction of a tweet as hate speech,offensive language or ***-The proposed method showed better results when tested on the collected Twitter datasets compared to other related *** order to validate the performances of the proposed method,t-test and post hoc multiple comparisons were used to compare the significance and means of the proposed method with other related methods for hate speech ***,Paired Sample t-Test was also conducted to validate the performances of the proposed method with other related *** limitations/implications-Finally,the evaluation results showed that the proposed method outperforms other related methods with mean F1-score of ***/value-The main novelty of this study is the use of an automatic topic spotting measure based on na€ıve Bayes model to improve features representation.

关键词： Twitter Hate speech detection Embeddings Cuckoo search Neural networks