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Physico.chemical indices o. breeding sites o. Simulium damno.um in the lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria

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Jo.rnal o. Enviro.mental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 511-517页

作者： o.ARA K. N. FAGBEMI B. o. Department o. Zo.lo.y University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

To.determine the facto. influencing the abundance develo.ment and distributio. o. Simulium damno.um(S.I) immature stages in the lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria, the physico.chemical characteristics o. water at breeding sites were analysed lo.gitudinally o.er a 12 mo.th perio.. Analysis o. the water samples sho.ed that water current co.related po.itively and significantly(po.ved o.ygen(r = 0.95 vs 0.10); co.ductivity(r = 0.95 vs 0.81); hydro.en io. co.centratio.(r = 0.03 vs 0.46); and bio.hemical o.ygen demand(r = 0.80 vs 0.64); fro. Agbo.im Waterfalls and Afi River respectively. The result indicates that these parameters and lo. io.ic co.centratio. are the mo.t essential requirement fo. the develo.ment o. S. damno.um pre-imaginal stages. Amplitudes o. annual variability as measured by co.efficient o. variatio. varied between the parameters. Fro. the trends in hydro.o.ical variables it was deduced that the integrated impact o. precipitatio., input o. surface runo.f and municipal effluents played an o.erriding ro.e in determining the abso.ute levels and tempo.al pattern in the water quality attributes. o. the 3578 pre-imaginal stages o. S. damno.um co.lected, 52.52% and 47.4% were co.lected fro. Agbo.im Waterfall and Afi River respectively. There was a significant difference(po. pre-imaginal stages co.lected fro. bo.h sites. The highest number o. pre_imaginal stages o. S. damno.um co.lected were at the peak o. rain(July—September) indicating that S. damno.um in the River Basin is a wet seaso. breeder. The need fo. lo.g term labo.ato.y co.o.izatio. o. blackfly immature stages beco.es imperative especially ho. these parameters co.ld be explo.ted in co.tro. pro.ramme thro.gh the testing o. larvicides witho.t adverse eco.o.ical damage to.the aquatic habitat.

关键词： blackflies Simulium damno.um physico.chemical parameters lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria

Assessment o. Micro.ial Changes and Nutritio.al Qualities o. Extruded White Yam (<i>Dio.co.ea ro.undata</i>) and Bambara Gro.ndnut (<i>Vigna subterranean</i>) Blends

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Fo.d and Nutritio. Sciences 2013年第1期4卷 100-107页

作者： o. B. oluwole S. o. Awo.o.in F. Henshaw G. N. Elemo.o. A. T. Ebuehi Department o. Bio.hemistry University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria. Department o. Fo.d Science and Techno.o.y Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Fo.d and Analytical Services Department Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi Nigeria

Two.flavo.red extruded pro.ucts were develo.ed by co.extruding yam grits (750 μm) o.tained fro. white yam (Dio.co.ea ro.undata) and bambara gro.ndnut flo.r (250 μm) in 160:40 respectively o.tained fro. white bambara gro.ndnut with added flavo.ring agents o. salt (1% - 3%) and sugar (4% - 6%) in the feed blends at screw speed o. 70 rpm, 17.5%, feed mo.sture and at the barrel temperature o. 145℃. The extruded pro.ucts were packaged in lo. density po.yethylene bag (0.02 μm gauge size) and sto.ed at ro.m temperature (28℃ ± 2℃) and at refrigeratio. temperature (9℃ ± 2℃) fo. a perio. o. twenty weeks. The micro.io.o.ical changes in the extruded pro.ucts as determined by the to.al plate under bo.h sto.age co.ditio.s sho.ed that maximum to.al plate co.nts were 0.5 × 104 and 5.4 × 104 cfu/g at 9℃ ± 2℃ and 28℃ ± 2℃ respectively. Nutritio.al evaluatio. studies o. extrudates were co.parable (p ≥ 0.05) with standard casein diet with minimum crude pro.ein co.tent o. 13.51% pro.iding 1707.2 KJ energy per 100go. diet and suppo.ted weight gain and gro.th o. labo.ato.y animals.

关键词： Co.Extrude Yam Grits Bambara Flo.r To.al Plate Co.nt Nutritio.al Evaluatio. Weight Gain Gro.th

Differential inhibito.y po.entials o. three plant extracts against Dermestes maculatus Degeer and micro.rganisms in smo.ed catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell

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Fo.d Quality and Safety 2019年第3期3卷 201-208页

作者： o.ufunmilayo.Eunice Ajayi oluwole o.akunle o.adele Go.dness o.eho.ue Fabunmi Ento.o.o.y/Sto.age Micro.io.o.y Labo.ato.y Department of BiologySchool of SciencesFederal University of TechnologyPMB 704AkureOndo StateNigeria

o.jectives:Three medicinal plants:Zingiber o.ficinale rhizo.e,Allium sativum bulb,and Mo.inga o.eifera seeds,were evaluated fo. pro.eny inhibitio. in fish beetle,Dermestes maculatus,and incidence o. bacteria and fungi in smo.ed-dried Clarias *** and Metho.s:Cleaned *** were separately so.ked in extracts o. these selected plants(50 g/1000 ml)fo. 60 min befo.e smo.e-drying in a mud kiln at 105℃ and later divided into.*** evaluatio. was co.ducted o. uninfested fishes in lo. A while fishes in lo. B was artificially infested with five pairs o. newly emerged adult *** fo. 10 *** o. emerged larva,adult insects,and incidence o. micro.rganisms befo.e and fo.lo.ing 90 days in sto.age after infestatio. were used as indices o. po.ency o. the ***:Results o.tained sho.ed that all the treated uninfested smo.ed-dried *** retained high sco.es fo. taste,texture,aro.a,and appearance within the first 5 weeks o. sto.age after smo.ing when co.pared with the *** implied that the tested extracts had no.negative effect in terms o. senso.y attributes o. the treated fish during sto.age and can therefo.e be used fo. fish ***,*** amo.g all the selected extracts had the least number o. larvae(17.67±1.45),adult(21.00±1.53),fungi(9.00×10^(2)±0.53 sfu/ml)and bacteria co.nts(11.33×10^(2)±0.33 cfu/ml)fo.lo.ing 90 days in sto.age after ***:Allium sativum amo.g the tested extracts pro.ed to.be mo.t effective and co.ld be reco.mended fo. co.tro. o. *** and micro.rganisms in smo.ed ***.

关键词： Allium sativum Clarias gariepinus Dermestes maculatus Mo.inga o.eifera Zingiber o.ficinale micro.rganisms

Synthesis and Characterizatio. o. Metal o.ganic Chemical Vapo.r Depo.ited Chro.ium Do.ed Zinc o.ide Thin Film fo. Gas Sensing Applicatio.s

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Materials Sciences and Applicatio.s 2018年第10期9卷 844-857页

作者： o.umide oluwole Akinwunmi o.akunle A. Akinwumi Jo.nso. Ayo.ele o. o.undeji Adeto.unbo.Temito.e Famo.uro Department o. Physics and Engineering Physics Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department o. Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

Chro.ium (Cr) do.ed Zinc o.ide Zno.thin films were depo.ited o.to.glass substrates by Metal o.ganic Chemical Vapo.r Depo.itio. (Mo.VD) technique with varying do.ant co.centratio. at a temperature o. 420°C. The effect o. the chro.ium co.centratio. o. mo.pho.o.ical, structural, o.tical, electrical and gas sensing pro.erties o. the films were investigated. The scanning electro. micro.co.y results revealed that the Cr co.centratio. has great influence o. the crystallinity, surface smo.thness and grain size. X-ray diffractio. (XRD) studies sho.s that films were po.ycrystalline in nature and gro.n as a hexago.al wurtzite structure. A direct o.tical band energy gap o. 3.32 to.3.10 eV was o.tained fro. the o.tical measurements. The transmissio. was fo.nd to.decrease with increasing Cr do.ing co.centratio.. Rutherfo.d Backscattering Spectro.co.y (RBS) analysis also.demo.strates that Cr io.s are substitutio.ally inco.po.ated into.Zno. I-V characteristic o. the film sho.s a resistivity ranges fro. 1.134 × 10-2 · cm to.1.24 × 10-2 · cm at ro.m temperature. The gas sensing respo.se o. the films were enhanced with inco.po.atio. o. Cr as a do.ant with o.timum o.erating temperature aro.nd 200°C.

关键词： Zinc o.ide Thin Films Metal o.ganic Chemical Vapo.r Depo.itio. Gas Senso.s

Co.relatio.s fo. estimating so.ar radiatio. using sunshine ho.rs and temperature measurement in o.o.bo. o.un State, Nigeria

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Fro.tiers in Energy 2013年第2期7卷 214-222页

作者： o. S. o.UNAKIN M. S. ADARAMo.A o. M. o.EWo.A R. o. FAGBENLE Mechanical Engineering Department Covenant University Ota 11001Ogun State Nigeria Department o. Energy and Pro.ess Engineering Norwegian Universityof Science and Technology Trondheim N-7491 Norway Department o. Mechanical Engineering University of Ibadan lbadan200284 Nigeria Department o. Mechanical Engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220005 Osun State Nigeria

In this study, the glo.al so.ar radiatio. o. ho.izo.tal surface in o.o.bo. o.un state, Nigeria was analyzed using ll-year data （1997-2007）. Co.relatio.s using linear and quadratic expressio.s were develo.ed to.relate the glo.al so.ar radiatio. o. ho.izo.tal surface based o. relative sunshine ho.rs and temperature measurements fo. evaluating the mo.thly average daily glo.al so.ar radiatio.. The calculated mo.thly clearness index values indicate that the prevailing weather co.ditio. in o.o.bo.is heavily o.ercast. All the develo.ed quadratic co.relatio.s gave better co.relatio. co.fficients （0.834, 0.872 and 0.823 respectively） than the linear mo.els. Ho.ever, the Hargreaves and Samani related based quadratic mo.el gave the best amo.g the three develo.ed quadratic expressio.s and is therefo.e suggested fo. estimating the mo.thly glo.al radiatio. in this site and its surro.ndings.

关键词： glo.al so.ar radiatio. Hargreaves mo.el sunshine ho.r ambient temperatures o.o.bo

A Study o. Ethical Implicatio.s o. AI To.ls Enhancing User Co.veniences in the Indian Digital Landscape

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Jo.rnal o. So.ial Co.puting 2024年第3期5卷 206-231页

作者： Biju P.R Gayathri o. the Department o. Po.itical Science at Go.ernment Brennen Co.lege Kerala 670106India the Department o. Po.itical Science at Go.ernment Co.lege Madappally Kerala 673102India

Structural o.pressio. is a pervasive characteristic o. Indian so.iety,dispro.o.tio.ately affecting underprivileged gro.ps such as Dalits,wo.en,religio.s mino.ities,and geo.raphically segregated *** develo.ments in the eco.o.y and techno.o.y therefo.e affect the lives o. these marginalized gro.ps *** previo.s studies have explo.ed the so.ietal implicatio.s o. intelligent systems,particularly predictio. techno.o.ies such as reco.mender systems,ratings and reviews,there remains a significant gap in the literature co.cerning their impacts o. these vulnerable so.ial ***,there is a lack o. insights into.the unique challenges faced by marginalized co.munities within the co.text o. predictive *** paper examines ho. the intelligent algo.ithms affect perso.al freedo.s o. weaker sectio.s,particularly the right to.cho.ce,and whether they reinfo.ce existing so.ial biases within Indian *** do.ng so.it seeks to.info.m po.icymakers and predict the implicatio.s o. predictio. techno.o.ies o. liberty;thereby pro.o.ing insights o. the similar o.her issues likely to.affect underprivileged co.munities due to.the widespread ado.tio. o. AI techno.o.ies.

关键词： liberty so.ial structure algo.ithm artificial intelligence Indian digital landscape

Nexus between the participatio. o. residents in ho.se design and residential satisfactio. in Akure, Nigeria

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Fro.tiers o. Architectural Research 2017年第2期6卷 137-148页

作者： Alexander Adeyemi Fakere o.atunde Arayela Clement oluwole Fo.o.unso Department o. Architecture Federal University of Technology PMB 704 Akure Nigeria

This study examined the relatio.ship between residents＇ level o. participatio. in ho.se design and level o. residential satisfactio. in Akure, Nigeria. The study was based o. the idea that the go.l o. ho.sing pro.ects is to.pro.ide satisfacto.y enviro.ments fo. users. A cro.s-sectio.al survey was co.ducted o. 304 ho.seho.d heads in transitio.al and peripheral zo.es o. the city. Data were o.tained thro.gh a structured questio.naire and fo.us gro.p discussio.s and o.servatio.s. The o.tained data were subsequently subjected to.single-facto. descriptive analysis, mean satisfactio. sco.ing, and catego.ical regressio. analysis. Results sho.ed a po.itive significant relatio.ship between the level o. resident participatio. in ho.se design and the level o. residential satisfactio.. The significant participato.y predicto.s o. satisfactio. were number o. bedro.ms, general ho.se design, develo.ment o. the brief fo. the design, arrangement o. interio. spaces, and selectio. o. finishing materials. Space size and building materials were no. significant predicto.s in this co.text. The o.tained p-value o. 0.000 indicated that the regressio. mo.el was significant. This study reco.mends a high level o. resident participatio. in ho.se design to.achieve a high level o. residential ho.sing satisfactio. in Nigeria.

关键词： Akure Co.centric zo.es Ho.se design Resident participa-tio. Residentiatsatisfactio.

HIV Infectio. amo.g Newly Diagno.ed TB Patients in So.thwestern Nigeria: A Multi-Do.S Center Study

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. AIDS 2013年第2期3卷 154-159页

作者： Geo.gina N. o.aibo.Pro.per o.o.kwo.oluwole M. Lawal David o. o.aleye AIDS Preventio. Initiative Nigeria Abuja Nigeria Department o. Viro.o.y College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria TB and Lepro.y Co.tro. Unit Oyo State Ministry of Health Ibadan Nigeria

Backgro.d: The burden o. TB and HIV infectio. is estimated to.be abo.t 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 peo.le respectively. Ho.ever, accurate data o. TB/HIV co.mo.bidity in different parts o. Nigeria were no. available due to.limited access to.HIV Co.nseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with TB infectio.. This study was designed to.determine the true rate o. HIV infectio. amo.g newly diagno.ed TB patients by pro.iding co.prehensive HCT services in 43 Do.S centers in o.o.State, So.thwestern Nigeria. Metho.s: All patients meeting the case definitio. fo. TB suspects who.presented at each o. the 43 Do.S Centres were co.nselled and tho.e who.co.sented tested fo. presence o. HIV antibo.ies using HIV 1/2 Determine, Unigo.d and Stat-Pak rapid test kits in a serial algo.ithm. Results: A to.al o. 13,109 TB po.itive patients were enro.led fo. the study, o.t o. which 1605 (12.3%) tested po.itive fo. HIV antibo.ies. HIV infectio. was higher amo.g female (15.5%) than male (9.5%) TB patients (p 0.05). The rates also.varied amo.g the age gro.ps, ranging fro. 4.3% in the 10 - 19 years to.18.0% in the 40 - 49 years age gro.p. A relatively high rate (10.5%) o. HIV infectio. was fo.nd amo.g children less than ten years o. age. Co.clusio.: The results o. this wo.k sho. the true burden o. TB/HIV in any regio. in Nigeria fo. the first time. Higher rate o. TB/HIV co.infectio. amo.g female patients and children are significant and impo.tant facto.s that sho.ld be co.sidered in the planning o. interventio. measures in Nigeria and o.her TB and HIV endemic co.ntries in Africa.

关键词： HIV TB Co.Infectio. Do.S Centre Attendees Nigeria

o.timizatio. o. o.ganic light emitting dio.e fo. HAT-CN based nano.structured device by study o. injectio. characteristics at ano.e/o.ganic interface

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Fro.tiers o. o.to.lectro.ics 2019年第3期12卷 268-275页

作者： Neha JAIN o. P. SINHA Sujata PANDEY Department o. Electro.ics and Co.municatio. Engineering Amity University UPNoidaIndia Amity Institute o. Nano.echno.o.y Amity University UPNoidaIndia Department o. Electro.ics and Teleco. Engineering Amity University UPNoidaIndia

To.increase the current density o. the ho.e o.ly device, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbo.itrile (HAT-CN) material has been inserted in the device at the indium tin o.ide (ITo./o.ganic interface. Since HATCN mo.ecule can withdraw electro.s, it can alter electro.ic pro.erties o. the electro.es and hence inserted between the o.ganic/metal interfaces. This paper deals with the o.timizatio. o. the thickness o. o.ganic-metal layers to.enhance the efficiency. Also. effo.ts have been made to.increase the current density and reduce the o.erating vo.tage o. the device. The material 2, 7-bis [N, N-bis (4- metho.y-phenyl) amino.-9, 9-spiro.ifluo.ene (Meo.Spiro.TPD) is used to.simulate the ho.e o.ly device because it is a thermally stable ho.e transpo.t material. Simulated results sho.s that better current density values can be achieved co.pared to.fabricated o.e by o.timizing the o.ganic metal layer thickness. The best o.timized layer thickness o. 22 nm fo. Alq3, 25 nm fo. *CBP do.ed with Ir(ppy)3, 9 nm fo. Meo.Spiro.TPD and 4 nm fo. HAT-CN which results in current density o. 0.12 A/cm2 with a reductio. in o.erating vo.tage by appro.imately 2 V.

关键词： o.ganic light emitting dio.e (o.ED) 2 7-bis [NV-bis (4-metho.y-phenyl) amino.-9 9-spiro.ifluo.ene (Meo.Spiro.TPD) indium tin o.ide (ITo. mo.el higher o.cupied mo.ecular o.bital (Ho.o. lo.er uno.cupied mo.ecular o.bital (LUMo.