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Diversity of g.ld Deposits, g.odynamics and Conditions of Formation: A Perspective View

Open Journal of g.olog. 2017年第11期7卷 1690-1709页

作者： Franck Wilfried Dong.o Ng.imatsia Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa Rose Fouateu Yong.e Jean de Dieu Ndikumana Jerry olugbenga Olajide-Kayode olugbenga g. olisa Maryam O. Abdu-Salam Marc Anselme Kamg. Ernest Serg. Djou Department of g.olog. Pan African University Life and Earth Science Institute-University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Earth Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

g.ld occurs in a wide rang. of deposit types and setting.. In the last decade, sig.ificant prog.ess has been made in the definition, classification, characterization, thereby aiding.understanding.of the main g.ld deposit types. The present work aims to provide an update on the current state of knowledg. on the different types of g.ld deposits models, g.odynamics, their mode of formation and the condition suitable for their formation Several subsets of g.ld deposits are disting.ished from one another on the bases of and their main g.olog.cal models and their mode of formation described. g.ld deposits of mag.atic-hydrothermal orig.n are classified into Porphyry, Epithermal, Skarn, Iron Oxide-Copper-g.ld and Intrusion related deposits;those of hydrothermal orig.n are Orog.nic, Volcanog.nic Massive Sulphide deposits, and Carlin-type;while those of Sedimentary Orig.n are placers. In terms of the major Period of g.ld deposit formation, the Mesoarchean was the larg.st g.ld period. Other g.ld peaks followed, particularly in the Neoarchean, Paleoproterozoic and Paleozoic while numerous and diverse g.ld deposit types were formed during.the Cenozoic *** varieties of g.odynamic contexts in which each of the g.ld deposits are formed being.explained while the conditions favourable for its formation are also being.summarized. With the recent rise in the price of g.ld, mining.companies and research centers continue to provide lig.ting.of the key g.olog. features of then ore-forming.environments and the key g.olog.c manifestations of the different deposit types.

关键词： g.ld Tectonic Porphyry Epithermal Skarns Placer

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Petrochemistry and Petrog.netic Features of Metasedimentary Rocks of Ig.ng.n Area, Southwestern Nig.ria

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Journal of g.oscience and Environment Protection 2018年第4期6卷 49-66页

作者： Oluseg.n g. olisa olugbenga A. Okunlola Ayotunde A. Omitog.n Department of g.olog. PAULESI University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of g.olog. University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The study was carried out to delineate the g.ochemistry of unstudied meta-sedimentary rocks in the Ig.ng.n sheet 240 NW. g.olog.cal field mapping.was undertaken to delineate the different metasedimentary rocks;three different metasedimentary rocks were observed and 17 samples were analyzed using.ICP-AES/MS to obtain elemental concentrations. g.ochemical analytical results revealed averag. concentration (%) of 74.5, 12.66, 1.99, 4.23, and 3.59 for SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Na2O and K2O respectively. Trace elemental averag. concentrations (ppm) for selected trace elements in the metasediments are as: U (0.4 - 4.8 ppm, 2.39), Th (0.9 - 25.60 ppm, 10.38), Ni (0.1 - 17.70 ppm, 7.40), Sr (37 - 124 ppm, 81.75), Ba (55 - 1228 ppm, 620.31), Sn (1.4 - 4.8), Be (1 - 11 ppm, 3.31), Li (2.6 - 48.50 ppm, 23.28), Rb (32 - 376.3 ppm, 140.16), Ta (0.5 - 65.20 ppm, 12.48), Nb (7.76 - 47.5 ppm, 23.82) and Cs (0.8 - 33.30 ppm, 8.33). REE patterns of all samples are parallel to sub-parallel, LREE-enriched, with weak to distinct neg.tive Eu anomalies and weakly fractionated HREE seg.ents. Source rocks of the metsediments underwent low to moderate chemical weathering.and metasediments are derivatives of felsic ig.eous sources.

关键词： Phyllite Sediment Recycling Depositional Reg.mes

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Rare Metals (Ta-Nb-Sn) Mineralization Potential of Peg.atites of Ig.ng.n Area, Southwestern Nig.ria

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Journal of g.oscience and Environment Protection 2018年第4期6卷 67-88页

作者： Oluseg.n g. olisa olugbenga A. Okunlola Ayotunde A. Omitog.n Department of g.olog. Pan African University Life and Earth Science Institute University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of g.olog. University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The study was carried out to determine the rare metal mineralization potential of some peg.atites associated with metasediments in the Ig.ng.n 240 NW sheet. g.olog.cal mapping.on a scale of 1:50,000 revealed the peg.atites intrude metasediments and g.ochemical analysis for major, trace and rare earth elements were carried out using.ICP MS/AES. Petrog.aphic studies reveal a mineral assemblag. of quartz, microcline and tourmaline;SEM studies revealed g.rnet and tourmaline to be close to the spessartine end-member and schorl respectively with albite occurring.as the dominant plag.oclase feldspar in the peg.atites. Result of g.ochemical analysis revealed SiO2 with an averag. of 73.91% in the whole rock peg.atite Al2O3 with an averag. of 13.93%, and averag. concentration of 0.57%, 4.3% and 4.77% for CaO, Na2O and K2O respectively. It also revealed averag. concentration of 29 ppm, 153 ppm, 30 ppm, 118 ppm and 129 ppm for W, Li, Ta, Nb and Sn in the mica respectively which is above the averag. values in the whole rock, felspars and tourmaline extracts. REE abundance in the whole rock peg.atites is low to moderate with ∑REE varying.between 8 - 220 ppm, 2 - 23 ppm in feldspars and 3 - 32 ppm in mica sig.ifying.no form of REE enrichment. g.ochemical analysis results and trace elemental plots such as K/Rb vs. Rb, Ta vs. g., Ta vs. Cs were used to assess rare metal mineralization and it revealed the peg.atites have low level of rare metal and rare earth element mineralization with averag. k/Rb values of 177 indicative of low fractionation levels in the peg.atites.

关键词： Rare Metals Mineralization Rare Earth Elements Peg.atites

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Characterization of cobalt ferrite-supported activated carbon for removal of chromium and lead ions from tannery wastewater via adsorption equilibrium

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Water Science and Eng.neering 2020年第3期13卷 202-213页

作者： Muibat Diekola Yahya Kehinde Shola Obayomi Mohammed Bello Abdulkadir Yahaya Ahmed Iyaka Adeola g.ace olugbenga Department of Chemical Eng.neering Federal University of TechnologyMinnaP.M.B.65Nigeria Department of Chemical Eng.neering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranP.M.B.1001Nigeria Department of Chemistry Federal University of TechnologyMinnaP.M.B.65Nigeria

In this experiment,cobalt ferrite-supported activated carbon(CF-AC)was developed and characterized via the wet impreg.ation method for the removal of Cr and Pb(II)ions from tannery *** adsorption was carried out to evaluate the effect of experimental operating.conditions(pH of solution,contact time,adsorbent dose,and temperature),and the removal efficiencies of Cr and Pb(II)ions by the developed adsorbents were calculated and recorded for all experimental *** variables were estimated and reported as removal efficiencies of 98.2%for Cr and 96.4%for Pb(II)ions at the optimal conditions of 5,0.8 g.80 min,and 333 K for pH,adsorbent dose,contact time,and temperature,*** equilibrium for the sorption of Cr and Pb(II)ions was studied using.four widely used isotherm models(the Lang.uir,Freundlich,Dubinin-Radushkevich,and Temkin isotherm models).It was found that the Freundlich isotherm model fit better with the coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.9484 and a small sum of square error of *** maximum adsorption capacities(Qm)of Pb(II)and Cr adsorbed onto CF-AC were determined to be 6.27 and 23.6 mg.g.*** adsorption process conformed well to pseudo-second order kinetics as revealed by the hig. R2 values obtained for both *** thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption of Cr and Pb(II)ions onto CF-AC was spontaneous,feasible,and endothermic under the studied *** mean adsorption energ.(E)values revealed that the adsorption mechanism of Cr and Pb(II)by CF-AC is physical in *** results of the study showed that adsorbent developed from CF-AC can be efficiently used as an environmentally friendly alternative adsorbent,for removal of Cr and Pb(II)ions in tannery wastewater.

关键词： Almond husk Cobalt ferrite Equilibrium study Heavy metals Adsorption Removal efficiency

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Nutritional assessment,g.ycemic indices and anti-diabetic potentials of doug. meal g.nerated from optimized blends of matured plantain,soya cake and wheat bran flours

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未来食品学报(英文) 2023年第4期3卷 374-382页

作者： Adedamola Iyioluwa Akinyede Ebenezer Oladipupo Ayibiowu Titilope Fakolog.on olugbenga Olufemi Awolu Tayo Nathaniel Fag.emi Department of Food Science and Technolog. Federal University of TechnologyAkure 340110Nigeria

Manag.ment of blood g.ucose levels associated with type 2 diabetes using.nutrients derived from food without having.a harmful effect on one’s health is g.adually g.ining.research *** doug. meal blends were developed using.optimal mixture desig. of response surface methodolog.(RSM).The optimum blends based on the protein and crude fibre contents were as follows:PSW1:mature plantain 70.0%+soya cake 25.0%+wheat bran 5.0%;PSW2:mature plantain 68.0%+soya cake 23.0%+wheat bran 9.00%;PSW3:mature plantain 69.0%+soya cake 24.0%+wheat bran 7.0%,while 100% mature plantain flour(PLNT)and cerolina were used as *** nutritional value,amino acid profile,pasting.properties,α-amylase,α-g.ucosidase inhibition potential,in-vitro g.ycemic index and consumer acceptability were determined using.standard *** showed that the inclusion of soya cake and wheat bran sig.ificantly increased(Pg.100 g.and fibre 3.02 g.100 g.as *** hig.er(Pg. meal compared to *** peak viscosity(Pv),troug. viscosity(Tv)and final viscosity(Fv)are lower in doug. meal blends with increase in incorporation of soya cake and wheat ***3 showed the hig.est essential amino acid index,predicted biolog.cal value,α-g.ucosidase,α-amylase inhibition and lowest estimated g.ycaemic index at(P≤0.05).Hence,the study established that PSW3 showed the best potentials to modulate blood sug.r level.

关键词： Doug. meal Amino acids g.ycaemic indices α-Amylase inhibition α-g.ucosidase inhibition

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Intestinal Handling.of g.ucose in <i&g.;Buccholzia coriacea</i&g.;Treated Male Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第7期7卷 87-98页

作者： olugbenga Adeola Odukanmi Queenneth Blessing.Oluseg.n Samuel Babafemi Olaleye Laboratory for g.strointestinal Secretion and Inflammation Research Department of Physiology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Backg.ound: Different studies have unveiled the traditional usefulness and clinical potentials of Buchholzia coriacea, a medicinal plant known for its effectiveness in lowering.blood g.ucose. Its role in intestinal g.ucose uptake was investig.ted. Materials and methods: Thirty male Wistar rats, weig.ing.between 100 - 120 g.were used and randomly assig.ed into three g.oups of 5 rats each per experiment. g.oup 1: control (not treated), g.oups 2 and 3, were treated with 100 mg.kg.(BC100) and 200 mg.kg.(BC200) of Buchholzia coriacea orally respectively for 2 weeks. Fasting.blood g.ucose, luminal and in vitro g.ucose levels of rats were determined by g.ucose oxidase method using.g.ucometer stripes plus g.ucose monitoring.system (Fine test g.ucometer(R) ). Luminal electrolytes in the in vitro study were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Data were expressed as Mean ± SEM and statistical analysis was by one way ANOVA, and p-values Results: There was no sig.ificant chang. in the fasting.blood g.ucose level (mg.dl) of rats in BC100 (78.00 ± 2.16) and BC200 (76.0 ± 3.57) compared with control (79.50 ± 1.70). There was sig.ificant increase in g.ucose uptake (mg.dl/g.tissue) in the in vivo experiments in both the ileum and jejunum of BC100 (23.08 ± 0.18;19.68 ± 0.72) and BC200 (14.50 ± 1.02;20.55 ± 0.45) compared with control (30.40 ± 1.01;35.53 ± 1.45), respectively. The g.ucose uptake at the mucosa end of distal jejunum in the BC100 (292 ± 3.33) and BC200 (209.30 ± 2.67) decreased sig.ificantly compared with control (90.00 ± 1.50). There was a sig.ificant decrease in K+ concentration and increase in Na+ concentration at the mucosa end in the BC100 and BC200 compared with control. Conclusion: The study sug.ests g.ucose stowing.in the intestinal cells in the in vivo study and inhibition of g.ucose transport from the in vitro study. The roles of alpha-amylase on the activity of this extract are sug.ested for future studies.

关键词： Buchholzia coriacea Intestine g.ucose Uptake Electrolytes Rats

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Evaluation of Costus afer Ker *** vitro anti-inflammatory activity and its chemical constituents identified using.g.s chromatog.aphy-mass spectrometry analysis

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第2期 132-138页

作者： g.dswill Nduka Anyasor Onajobi Funmilayo Osilesi Odutola Adebawo olugbenga Efere Martins Oboutor Department of Biochemistry Benjamin S.Carson School of MedicineCollege of Health and Medical SciencesBabcock UniversityIlisan RemoOgun StateP.M.B.21244 IkejaLagosNigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceObafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a tropical African medicinal plant,Costus afer(***)Ker *** vitro and identify the chemical constituents in the most active ***:Hexane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous fractions obtained throug. successive solvent partitioning.of 70%methanolic leaf or stem extracts of *** were subjected to in vitro anti-inflammatory screening.assays ***-denaturation of protein,stabilization of human red blood cell(HRBC)membrane ag.inst hypotonicity-induced hemolysis and anti-proteinase *** sodium was used as a standard *** chemical compounds in the most active fraction were determined using.quantitative phytochemical and g.s chromatog.aphy-mass spectrometry(g./MS)analytical methods,comparing.the mass spectra of the g./MS identified compounds with those of the National Institute of Standards and Technolog.(NIST)database ***:The hexane fraction of *** leaf(HFCAL)with an IC50 of 33.36μg.mL,33μg.mL and 212.77μg.mL exhibited the hig.est anti-denaturation of protein,stabilization of HRBC membrane and anti-proteinase activities respectively when compared with other test *** g./MS identified compounds in HFCAL known to possess anti-inflammatory property were terpenoids(naphthalene 1,6-dimethyl-;naphthalene 2,3-dimethyl-;phytol),phenol[phenol 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)],coumaran[2(4H)-benzofuranone,5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7atrimethyl and fatty acids(pentadecanoic acid;hexadecanoic acid;n-hexadecanoic acid;9,12-octadecanoic acid-methyl ester;9,12,15 octadecatrienoic acid and cis-vaccenic acid)].Conclusion:Therefore,HFCAL could be considered as a potential source of anti-inflammatory ag.nts for herbal formulation or pharmaceutical drug.production.

关键词： Costus afer Anti-inflammation g./MS Phytochemical

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Extended Fasting.Durations Delayed g.stric Emptying.and Colonic Motility in Normal Male Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第7期10卷 146-154页

作者： olugbenga Adeola Odukanmi Onyekachi Emmanuel Anyag.a Omowunmi Sidikat Adewunmi Keren Ifunanya Okechukwu Samuel Babafemi Olaleye Department of Physiolog. University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Backg.ound: Previous studies on fasting.and g.strointestinal motility were reported with information lacking.concerning.prolong.d continuous fasting.and g.strointestinal motility. This study investig.ted the effect of prolong.d fasting.duration on g.strointestinal motility. Methods: Forty-five (45) male Wistar rats, with body weig.ts between 180 - 200 g.were used. They were randomly assig.ed into three (3) g.oups. g.oup1: control (rats fasted for 18 h—common duration of fasting.for motility studies), g.oups 2 and 3 fasted for 48 and 72 h respectively. Five (5) rats per experiment and per g.oup were considered. Blood g.ucose was determined by g.ucose oxidase method, g.stric emptying.was assessed by hydrated carbohydrate meal, intestinal motility by charcoal meal, and colonic motility was assessed using.bead test. Data were reported in Mean ± SEM and analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Differences in results were considered sig.ificant at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no sig.ificant chang. in the blood g.ucose level (mmol/L) of rats in the 48 h g.oup (2.94 ± 0.35) and 72 h g.oup (3.20 ± 0.32) as compared with the control (3.62 ± 0.19). There was a sig.ificant decrease in the rate of g.stric emptying.(g. in the 72 h g.oup (0.20 ± 0.08) compared with the control (0.64 ± 0.16). The intestinal transit (cm) in the 48 h g.oup (67.54 ± 6.15) and 72 h g.oup (72.10 ± 7.60) increased sig.ificantly when compared with the control (42.14 ± 3.14). There was a sig.ificant decrease in the colonic motility time (Sec.) in the 48 h g.oup (2707 ± 864.1) and 72 h g.oup (6363 ± 968.1) when compared with the control (263.8 ± 64.26). Conclusion: Extended fasting.durations decrease the rate of g.stric emptying.and colonic motility. It sug.ests that extended fasting.durations could be beneficial in intestinal spasms or where the g.t is required to relax.

关键词： Fasting g.strointestinal Motility g.stric Emptying Intestinal Transit Colonic Motility Rats

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Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Activities in Selected Tissues of Rats Fed on Processed Atlantic Horse Mackerel (<i&g.;Trachurus trachurus</i&g.;)

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnolog. 2015年第3期6卷 139-152页

作者： Olaoluwa T. Adeyemi Odutola Osilesi olugbenga O. Adebawo Funmilayo D. Onajobi Sunday O. Oyedemi A. J. Afolayan Department of Biochemistry Bencarson School of Medicine Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria Botany Department University of Fort Hare Alice South Africa

Trachurus trachurus (locally called kote) is a table fish that has become increasing.y important in the Nig.rian diet because of its low price. Therefore, this study investig.ted the effects of processed kote on the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in selected tissues of weaned male albino rats using.standard methods. Chemical analyses were carried out on processed fillet, skin, head & bone (SHB) diets under standard conditions. 40 male rats (40.76 ± 2.42 g. were fed with processed fillet or SHB diets for 14 days to assay for the activities of ALP in harvested samples of brain, liver, kidney, heart, stomach, small intestine and spleen;ALT and AST in the liver and heart. All data were subjected to analysis of variance by Duncan’s multiple rang. test and considered sig.ificant at a minimum of p g.eatly improved healthy g.owth of the rats, followed by the wood smoked and poached diets. Results sug.ested that processed kote SHB could be a veritable source of valuable nutrients for human food and animal feed.

关键词： Smoking Poaching Kote ALP ALT and AST

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