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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian olivier tresca.la.ra.va.sura.oswa.d.willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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Bioinspired supramolecular macrocycle hybrid membranes with enhanced proton conductivity

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 797-805页

作者： Pengfei Yang Linlin Xu Panagiotis Trogadas Marc-olivier Coppens Yang lan Centre for Nature Inspired Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

Enhancing the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes(PEMs)is essential to expand the applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Inspired by the proton conduction mechanism of bacteriorhodopsin,cucurbit[n]urils(CB[n],where n is the number of glycoluril units,n=6,7,or 8)are introduced into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)(SPEEK)matrix to fabricate hybrid PEMs,employing a nature-inspired chemical engineering(NICE)*** carbonyl groups of CB[n]act as proton-conducting sites,while the host–guest interaction between CB[n]and water molecules offers extra protonconducting ***,the molecular size of CB[n]aids in their dispersion within the SPEEK matrix,effectively bridging the unconnected proton-conducting sulfonic group domains within the SPEEK ***,all hybrid membranes exhibit significantly enhanced proton ***,the SPEEK membrane incorporating 1 wt.%CB[8](CB[8]/SPEEK-1%)demonstrates the highest proton conductivity of 198.0 mS·cm^(−1) at 60°C and 100%relative humidity(RH),which is 228%greater than that of the pure SPEEK membrane under the same ***,hybrid membranes exhibit superior fuel cell *** CB[8]/SPEEK-1%membrane achieves a maximum power density of 214 mW·cm^(−2),representing a 140%improvement over the pure SPEEK membrane(89 mW·cm^(−2))at 50°C and 100%*** findings serve as a foundation for constructing continuous proton-conducting pathways within membranes by utilizing supramolecular macrocycles as fuel cell electrolytes and in other applications.

关键词： supramolecular macrocycle proton conductivity cucurbit[n]uril proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Small holes,big impact:Stomata in plant–pathogen–climate epic trifecta

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 26-49页

作者： Shuguo Hou olivier Rodrigues Zunyong Liu Libo Shan Ping He Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in WeifangWeifangShandong 261325China School of Municipal&Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong 250101China Unitéde Recherche Physiologie Pathologie et Génétique VégétalesUniversitéde Toulouse Midi-PyrénéesINP-PURPAN31076 ToulouseFrance department of Molecular Cellularand Developmental BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

The regulation of stomatal aperture opening and closure represents an evolutionary battle between plants and pathogens,characterized by adaptive strategies that influence both plant resistance and pathogen *** ongoing climate change introduces further complexity,affecting pathogen invasion and host *** review delves into recent advances on our understanding of the mechanisms governing immunity-related stomatal movement and patterning with an emphasis on the regulation of stomatal opening and closure dynamics by pathogen patterns and host *** addition,the review explores how climate changes impact plant–pathogen interactions by modulating stomatal *** light of the pressing challenges associated with food security and the unpredictable nature of climate changes,future research in this field,which includes the investigation of spatiotemporal regulation and engineering of stomatal immunity,emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing crop resilience and contributing to climate control strategies.

关键词： stomatal movement stomatal patterning plant resistance pathogen virulence apoplastic immunity and climate change

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Prognosis of operated hepatocellular carcinoma developed on non-cirrhotic liver

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 736-738页

作者： Morgan vandermeulen Maxime dewulf olivier detry department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation CHU LiegeLiegeBelgium Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement du département de Chirurgie(CREdEC) GIGA MetabolismUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Center(MUMC+)MaastrichtThe Netherlands

The incidence of primary liver cancers,and particularly hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),is increasing throughout the *** vast majority of HCCs develop on cirrhotic livers(CLs)(CL HCC)or livers chronically infected by hepatotropic viruses,mainly hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)(1).As HCC occurring on non-HBV non-HCV non-CL(NCL)HCC occurs much less frequently,its management is less established than for CL ***,many clinicians might confuse the prognosis and management of NCL HCC with the one of CL *** is however demonstrated that NCL HCCs behave differently than CL *** prognostic factors and sensibility to systemic therapy are different,added to the fact that NCLs can undergo major resections allowing curative surgical management or even systemic therapies that are not even possible in CL HCCs due to the failing function of the *** established criteria for liver transplantation of CL HCCs,including the famous Milan criteria,have no role in NCL HCC management(2-4).The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation also concerns only CL HCCs;and should not be used for NCL HCCs(5).

关键词： Cancer surgery transplantation recurrence

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Impact of Transition Metal layer vacancy on the Structure and Performance of P2 Type layered Sodium Cathode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 340-358页

作者： Orynbay Zhanadilov Sourav Baiju Natalia Voronina Jun Ho Yu A.-Yeon Kim Hun‑Gi Jung Kyuwook Ihm olivier Guillon Payam Kaghazchi Seung‑Taek Myung department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and Sejong Battery Institute Hybrid Materials Research CenterSejong University98 Gunja‑DongGwangjin‑GuSeoul 05006South Korea Institute of Energy and Climate Research‑Materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK‑1) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Center for Energy Storage Research Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792South Korea KIST‑SKKU Carbon‑Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Pohang Accelerator laboratory 80 Jigokro‑127‑BeongilNam‑GuPohangGyeongbuk 37673South Korea MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente7500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode *** incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling,increases the operation voltage,and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox,respectively,in Na_(0.7)[Ni_(0.2)V_(Ni0.1)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(V-NRM)*** analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy,X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy,operando X-ray diffraction,and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural *** results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81%after 100 ***,the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation,leading to a widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O_(2) *** findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： layered oxide Oxygen evolution Sodium battery vacancy Cathode

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Watson-Jones Anatomical Approach for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Proximal Femoral Fractures without Image Intensifier in a Low-Resource Setting

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第4期14卷 173-186页

作者： Loïc Fonkoue Gaspary Fodjeu Kennedy olivier Muluem olivier Ngongang Theophile Nana Marie Ange Ngo Yamben désiréAkaba Urich Tambekou daniel Eone Handy department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Yaound&#233 General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon. department of Surgery and Specialities University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Yaound&#233 Emergency Center Yaound&#233 Cameroon department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Yaound&#233 Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Standard procedures for surgical fixation of proximal femoral fractures (PFF) require an image intensifier which in developing countries remains a luxury. We hypothesized that, with a well-codified technique, the Watson Jones approach (WJA) without image intensifier nor traction table, can allow open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of PFF using dynamic hip screw (dHS), with satisfactory outcome. Patients and methods: Forty one consecutive patients (mean age 59.5 ± 21.6 years, 61% males) who were followed in a Teaching Hospital for PFF treated by ORIF using the WJA and dHS from January 2016 to december 2020 were reassessed. The outcome measures were the quality of the reduction, the positioning of the implants, the tip-apex distance (TAd), the rate and delay of consolidation, the functional results using Postel Merle d’Aubigné (PMA) score, the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) and the overall mortality. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with mechanical failure. Results: The mean follow-up period was 33.8 ± 15.0 months. Fracture reduction was good in 31 (75.6%) cases and acceptable in 8(19.5%) cases. Implant position was fair to good in 37 (90.2%) patients. The mean TAd was 26.1 ± 3.9 mm. Three patients developed SSI. Consolidation was achieved in 38 (92.6%) patients. The functional results were good to excellent in 80.5% of patients. The overall mortality rate was 7.3%. There were an association between mechanical failure and osteoporosis (p = 0.04), fracture reduction (p = 0.003), and TAd (p = 0.025). In multivariate logistic regression, no independent factors were predictive of mechanical failure. Conclusion: This study shows that ORIF using dHS for PFF via the Watson-Jones approach without an image intensifier can give satisfactory anatomical and functional outcomes in low-resource settings. It provides and validates a reliable and reproducible technique that deserves to be diffused to surgeons in austere areas o

关键词： Proximal Femoral Fracture Watson-Jones Approach dynamic Hip Screw Low Resource Setting

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olivier Hervet:艺术周为行业营造了积极、正向的氛围

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艺术市场 2024年第7期 21-23页

作者：屈婷 olivier Hervet 不详 HdM画廊

HdM画廊被定位为“一家具有强大中国dNA的国际画廊”,自2009年成立就专注于当代艺术。初识该画廊是在10年前,那时的画廊合伙人olivier Hervet还很年轻,他在圈内有一个谦虚的中文名:小欧。实际上,olivier Hervet毕业于英国牛津大学,自Hd... 详细信息

HdM画廊被定位为“一家具有强大中国dNA的国际画廊”,自2009年成立就专注于当代艺术。初识该画廊是在10年前,那时的画廊合伙人olivier Hervet还很年轻,他在圈内有一个谦虚的中文名:小欧。实际上,olivier Hervet毕业于英国牛津大学,自HdM画廊成立起即工作于此。

关键词：英国牛津大学当代艺术画廊中文名合伙人

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印度Haritalyangar地区晚中新世猪类化石新材料

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古脊椎动物学报（中英文） 2024年第1期62卷 69-84页

作者： Anek R.SANKHYAN olivier CHAvaSSEAU 古生物研究会古马尔温174021印度喜马偕尔邦法国普瓦蒂埃大学法国国家科学研究中心UMR 7262普瓦蒂埃市86073

描述了印度北部比拉斯布尔区喜马偕尔邦Haritalyangar地区中西瓦利克的猪类化石上、下颌及牙齿材料。Haritalyangar地区以晚中新世动物群、古人类和其他灵长类动物的多样性而闻名。研究材料为作者之一(ARS)在该地区多次野外季采集的猪... 详细信息

描述了印度北部比拉斯布尔区喜马偕尔邦Haritalyangar地区中西瓦利克的猪类化石上、下颌及牙齿材料。Haritalyangar地区以晚中新世动物群、古人类和其他灵长类动物的多样性而闻名。研究材料为作者之一(ARS)在该地区多次野外季采集的猪类化石;猪类化石地点和最近报道的长鼻类化石地点(含古猿化石地点)均被绘制在地图上。这些化石地点广泛分布于Makkan Khad到Sir Khad区域内的“Lower Alternations”层和“Upper Alternations”层。猪类化石被鉴定为3个属:原河猪属Propotamochoerus(***)、河马齿河猪属Hippopotamodon(***)和云南猪属Yunnanochoerus(***)。Propotamochoerus hysudricus为中西瓦利克最常见的化石猪类,新发现的Yunnanochoerus dangari进一步证明这种古猪类化石仅在Haritalyangar地区有少量遗存。Haritalyangar地区新发现的猪类化石组成与巴基斯坦的Nagri动物群相近。基于猪类化石进行的Potwar高原年代地层学对比表明,Haritalyangar地区的“Lower Alternations”层的年龄范围为~10–9 Ma,与最新的磁极性地层学年代范围很接近。

关键词：中西瓦利克晚中新世猪超科云南猪属原河猪属河马齿河猪属

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幽门螺杆菌不同感染状态下饮酒摄入对胃癌的影响分析

幽门螺杆菌不同感染状态下饮酒摄入对胃癌的影响分析

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作者： BILEMBI MBOTE olivier 甘肃中医药大学

学位级别：硕士

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Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 574-586页

作者： olivier Kerdiles Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-mba Katherine Coulombe Cyntia Tremblay VincentÉmond Martine Saint-Pierre Clémence Rouxel Line Berthiaume Pierre Julien Francesca Cicchetti Frédéric Calon Facultéde pharmacie UniversitéLaval1050 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecQCCanada Axe Neuroscience Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval(Pavillon CHUL)2705 Boulevard LaurierQuebecQCCanada Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods QuebecQCCanada Optinutribrain International Associated laboratory(NutriNeuro FranceINAFCanada)QuebecQCCanada Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada département de Médecine Facultéde MédecineUniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Facultéde MédecineQuebecQCCanada

There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after *** that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic ***,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal *** weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 *** this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or *** acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars ***,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned *** to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal dOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned *** present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine dopamine dopamine transporter exercise neurorestoration Parkinson’s disease polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3

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