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多种族民族个体的积极心理调适:种族歧视、社会支持和希望的预测作用

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多种族民族个体的积极心理调适:种族歧视、社会支持和希望的预测...

第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者：方圆程凯琳 Mingqi li olivia D.Chang Abigael G.lucas Jerin lee K.Malulani Castro Savannah Pham Yena S.Purmasir Grace Y.Cho Jameson K.Hirsch Elizabeth l.Jeglic Edward C.Chang 北京师范大学心理学部 Department of Psychology University of Michigan Department of Psychology DePaul University Department of Psychology University of Maryland Department of Psychology Stanford University NYU langone Medical Center Department of Psychology Harvard University Department of Psychology Southern Methodist University John Jay College of Criminal Justice

希望(hope)是积极心理调适(positive psychological adjustment)的有力预测因子,希望具有希望效能(hope agency)和希望路径(hope pathways)两种结构。前人研究显示,两种希望结构对积极心理调适具有不同的效果。本研究关注希望对多种族民... 详细信息

希望(hope)是积极心理调适(positive psychological adjustment)的有力预测因子,希望具有希望效能(hope agency)和希望路径(hope pathways)两种结构。前人研究显示,两种希望结构对积极心理调适具有不同的效果。本研究关注希望对多种族民族(multiethnoracial)个体积极心理调适的预测效果。多种族民族个体因为多重文化身份而经历着种族歧视(ethnoracial discrimination)和社会孤独,从而面临着更多的积极心理调适问题。研究通过对203个(女:164)多种族民族身份美国大学生进行量表研究,探讨希望对于积极心理调适的预测作用,并检验在控制了种族歧视和社会支持(social support)后,希望是否仍可以单独预测积极心理调适,且两种希望结构是否起到不同的效果。使用一般性种族歧视量表(GEDS)测量种族歧视,社会网络量表(SNl)中的两个问题测量社会支持(家人&朋友),希望量表(HS)测量希望的两个结构(希望效能&希望路径),主观活力量表(SVS)和生活满意度量表(SWlS)测量活力和生活满意度。结果显示,希望效能和希望路径与活力和生活满意度呈现显著正相关。层次回归结果显示:a.种族歧视单独负向预测生活满意度,无法预测活力;b.社会支持单独正向预测活力和生活满意度;c.控制了社会人口学变量、种族歧视和社会支持后,希望仍能单独正向预测活力和生活满意度;d.希望效能是活力的有力正向预测因子,而希望路径则更能有力正向预测生活满意度。本研究是首个强调希望对于多种族民族个体的重要作用的研究,结果可为对多种族民族个体进行积极心理调适的干预提供经验,即与消除种族歧视和增加社会支持相比,建立希望对多种族民族个体来说是更为现实易行的方法。

关键词：种族歧视社会支持希望心理调适多种族民族个体

Socio-Demographic Determinant of Yellow Fever Patient: A Retrospective Study (2020), Federal Medical Center, Asaba

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 225-238页

作者： Ngozi Esther Ezunu Joy Ifeyinwa Egeonu Ajiri Henry Osihro Uyi-Oghosa Onyemushani Said Abdulkareem Omole Clementina Oyakhire Onyema Edith Wayemeru Chidera olivia Okey-Ezufo Chikadibia Eze-Otulaka Faith Inegbejie Clever Ajiri Oghale Diana Chinenye Ofomata Grace Nnenna Onubogu Orhomuromo Paul Okpomo Eguolo Unique Okorhi Onobhase Theresa Agbele Anastacia Okwudili Ojimba Adesuwa Queen Aigbokhaode Francis Chinedu Ugoeze Victor Azubike Osiatuma Emmanuel Okechukwu Ezunu Obianuju Nkemjika Jisieike Erhinyaye Omoyibo Efe Department of Nursing Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria CCDRC Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Radiology Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Health Information Management Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Pediatrics Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria

Background: Yellow fever is transmitted primarily to humans and non-human primates through the bite of an infected female mosquito Aedes Spp. It is prevented mainly by vaccination. Method: This retrospective observational study at the Center for Communicable Disease Control and Research (CCDCR) Federal Medical Center Asaba (F.M.C) was conducted on all patients diagnosed and managed with yellow fever in the year 2020. We studied a total number of 57 patients’ case files seen within the period. A chi-square test was done to test the null and alternative hypotheses. Result: About 48 (84.2%) males and female 9 (15.8%) females were mostly affected and gender was significant with a chi-squared value of 26.6 and p-value of 0.00. Conclusion: To eradicate this virus, vaccination and health promotions should be encouraged by the health care workers supported by the government. This is to ensure that a greater proportion of the affected community can be immunized.

关键词： Yellow Fever Socio-Demograpic Determinants Asaba

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期抗生素在呼吸道感染中的合理使用

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英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第6期24卷 350-354页

作者： Jerome A leis Karen B Born Guylene Theriault olivia Ostrow Allan Grill K Brian Johnston 唐晓(译) Division of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Medicine University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Institute of Health Policy Management&EvaluationDalla Lana School of Public HealthFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Family Medicine McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Pediatrics University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Centre for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Family Medicine Markham Stouffville HospitalMarkhamOntarioCanada Department of Family&Community Medicine University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Quality of Care Nl/Choosing Wisely Nl Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John′sNewfoundlandCanada 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸与危重症医学科

一名68岁的老年女性,既往有慢性高血压、2型糖尿病病史,因"咳痰、发热3天"致电家庭医生。她起初预约了一次虚拟就诊,医生认为她没有严重的不适或气短,考虑她可能存在病毒性支气管炎。

关键词：呼吸道感染流行期家庭医生老年女性肺炎抗生素 2型糖尿病

Association of Serum Antioxidant Enzymes and Nervous Tissue Markers in Hypertensive Patients

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 160-168页

作者： Marisol Pena-Sanchez Sergio Gonzalez-Garcia Gretel Riveron-Forment Otman Fernandez-Concepcion olivia Martinez-Bonne Gisselle lemus-Molina Isabel Fernandez-Almirall Maria de la Caridad Menendez-Sainz Alina Gonzalez-Quevedo Janis TEells Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery HavanaCuba National Genetic Center HavanaCuba College of Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeUSA

Background and Purpose: Hypertension has serious effects on cerebral blood vessels. Oxidative stress seems to be implicated in blood pressure elevation, through increased reactive oxygen species and/or decreased antioxidant capacity. Recently blood markers indicating damage to the central nervous system were reported to be increased in hypertensive patients. However, it is unknown whether antioxidant capacity is related to these changes. This study was designed to explore if the concentration of blood markers for nervous tissue damage was associated to antioxidant capacity in hypertensive patients. Methods: Twenty hypertensive patients and 23 healthy controls were studied. They were paired by age, sex, ethnicity, or risk factors. Serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) were measured as nervous tissue damage markers, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and gamma-glutamyltransferase). Results: Serum neuronal specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) concentrations determined by immunoassay were significantly increased in patients vs. controls. The activities of antioxidant enzymes measured by spectrophotometry showed that plasmatic catalase and erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased in patients, but erythocytic catalase was decreased. Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was significantly correlated with S100B in hypertensive patients, while erythrocytic catalase activity was decreased in subjects with higher NSE levels. Conclusion: This preliminary investigation suggested that antioxidant status might be modulated through changes in antioxidant enzymatic activity in hypertensive patients. The association of some of these changes with peripheral markers of damage to the central nervous system could indicate that the increased levels of these proteins in hypertension are partly related to oxidative stress.

关键词： Hypertension Gamma-glutamyltransferase Catalase Neuron Specific Enolase S100 Calcium Binding Protein B

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创意天才的蝴蝶思考术

严重意识障碍患者声源定位的评估:唤名与铃声的比较

作者： (美)奥利维娅·福克斯·卡巴恩(olivia Fox Cabane)，朱达·波拉克(Judah Pollack)

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严重意识障碍患者声源定位的评估:唤名与铃声的比较

首届全国脑外伤治疗与康复学术大会

作者：程丽娟应丽美 olivia Gosseries 王付言张瑛喻森明胡晓华余丹李景琦高鸿兴何敏慧 Caroline Schnakers 狄海波杭州师范大学国际植物状态和意识科学研究所

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The Moderating Effect of Team Orientation Over the Relationship Between TMT Strategic Decision Speed and Firm Performance

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Chinese Business Review 2011年第9期10卷 790-795页

作者： Claudia Ramos-Garza olivia Villalba-Moreno leticia Ramos-Garza EGADE Business School Monterrey Tecnologico de Monterrey Mexico School of Business Social Science and Humanities Tecnologico de Monterrey Mexico

Due to the fast changing competitive environment faced by organizations, companies are forced to find ways to quickly adapt to technological innovations, changing demands of customers, and strategic actions taken by competitors. The purpose of the paper is to further the relationship between top management team (TMT) strategic decision speed and firm performance, considering the team processes when making strategic decisions in the face of complex environments. Measures of TMT strategic decision speed, firm performance, team orientation, and environmental complexity were collected from 29 top management teams of Mexican companies, which represented a total of 118 questionnaires. Pearson correlations among the variables and moderated regression analyses were performed, to test the hypotheses included in the study. Results show a positive relation between environmental complexity and TMT strategic decision speed and between team orientation and speed. Furthermore, results show that there is a positive relation between TMT strategic decision speed and firm performance in the presence of team orientation. In other words, team orientation moderates the relationship between TMT strategic speed and firm performance. Among the implications for managers is that they must ensure effective team processes (e. g., building consensus, active participation, and trust among team members) when making strategic decisions in order for the firm to perform better.

关键词：决策速度 TMT 调节作用绩效企业正相关关系竞争环境导向

蓝莓干预对认知表现和情绪的影响——基于随机对照试验的系统综述

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蓝莓干预对认知表现和情绪的影响——基于随机对照试验的系统综述

作者： Nikolaj Travica Nathan M D’Cunha Nenad Naumovski Katherine Kent Duane D Mellor Joseph Firth Ekavi N Georgousopoulou olivia M.Dean Amy loughman Felice Jacka Wolfgang Marx 胡友春

蓝莓富含多酚,对改善认知能力和调节情绪都有好处。本系统综述基于随机对照试验,评估蓝莓和蓝莓产品对认知和情绪的影响。11篇文章(包括12项研究)被纳入本研究,有9项研究使用冻干蓝莓做干预物、2项研究使用全蓝莓、1项研究使用蓝莓浓缩... 详细信息

蓝莓富含多酚,对改善认知能力和调节情绪都有好处。本系统综述基于随机对照试验,评估蓝莓和蓝莓产品对认知和情绪的影响。11篇文章(包括12项研究)被纳入本研究,有9项研究使用冻干蓝莓做干预物、2项研究使用全蓝莓、1项研究使用蓝莓浓缩物进行干预研究。这些研究分别在儿童(n=5)、年轻人(n=1)和没有认知障碍(n=4)或有认知障碍(n=2)的老年人群中进行。八项研究报告了通过食用或补充不同剂量的蓝莓及不同干预时间对认知改善的能力,特别是对短、长期记忆和空间记忆的改善作用。在情绪方面,一项研究报告显示,在两组间干预,蓝莓产品展现了情绪显著改善的积极影响;而另外四项研究报告蓝莓干预对情绪没有改善。被纳入的所有研究均是低偏倚风险。基于目前的证据,蓝莓干预超过六个月可提高一些认知能力指标。然而,鉴于研究设计、剂量和花青素含量的巨大差异,阻碍了研究间的比较。在未来的试验中,推荐使用标准化的蓝莓干预措施,考虑安慰剂配方,使用一致的认知表现工具进行研究。

关键词：蓝莓花青素黄酮类多酚认知情绪营养食品干预人体