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Molecular genetics of early-onset colorectal cancer

World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2023年第2期14卷 13-27页

作者： olivia marx Marc Mankarious Gregory Yochum Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033United States Department of Surgery Division of Colon&Rectal SurgeryPennsylvania State University Milton S.Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPA 17033United States Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology&Surgery Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033United States

Early-onset colorectal cancer(EOCRC)has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several *** influences,including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity,contribute to these increased *** the rise in EOCRC is best documented in western countries,it is seen throughout the world,although EOCRC may have distinct genetic mutations in patients of different ethnic *** and molecular characterizations show that EOCRC has a distinct presentation compared with later-onset colorectal cancer(LOCRC).Recent studies have identified DNA,RNA,and protein-level alterations unique to EOCRC,revealing much-needed biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic *** molecular EOCRC studies have been performed with Caucasian and Asian EOCRC cohorts,however,studies of other ethnic backgrounds are *** addition,certain molecular characterizations that have been conducted for LOCRC have not yet been repeated in EOCRC,including high-throughput analyses of histone modifications,mRNA splicing,and proteomics on large *** propose that the complex relationship between cancer and aging should be considered when studying the molecular underpinnings of *** this review,we summarize current EOCRC literature,focusing on sporadic molecular alterations in tumors,and their clinical *** conclude by discussing current challenges and future directions of EOCRC research efforts.

关键词： Early-onset colorectal cancer Later-onset colorectal cancer Mutations oncogenes Molecular characteristics Transcriptomics

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Linking, thinking & fixing:the story about the 2015 Chemistry Nobel Prize and the future of science

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Science Bulletin 2015年第23期60卷 2071-2076页

作者： Huan Meng olivia J.Osborne Department of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Centre for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology University of California Los Angeles

Did you know there are roughly over 10,000 DNA damages in a cell per day?Do not be too alarmed though,thanks to various vital DNA repair mechanisms we are able to continue function normally as an organism and maintain our genome *** is no wonder then why this year prestigious Chemistry Nobel Prize(s)went to *** Lindahl,Aziz Sancar,and Paul Modrich for their

关键词：诺贝尔化学奖诺贝尔奖连接故事科学脱氧核糖核酸修复机制基因组

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The matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-3 cleaves laminin receptor at two distinct sites between the transmembrane domain and laminin binding sequence within the extracellular domain

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Cell Research 2005年第3期15卷 150-159页

作者： Tosikazu AMANO,olivia KWAK,Anastasia MARSHAK Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutesof Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutesof Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutesof Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) stromelysin-3 (ST3) has long been implicated to play an important role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and cell fate determination during normal and pathological processes. However like other MMPs, the molecular basis of ST3 function in vivo remains unclear due to the lack of information on its physiological substrates. Furthermore, ST3 has only weak activities toward all tested ECM proteins. Using thyroid hormone-dependent Xenopus laevis metamorphosis as a model, we demonstrated previously that ST3 is important for apoptosis and tissue morphogenesis during intestinal remodeling. Here, we used yeast two-hybrid screen with mRNAs from metamorphosing tadpoles to identify potential substrate of ST3 during development. We thus isolated the 37 kd laminin receptor precursor (LR). We showed that LR binds to ST3 in vitro and can be cleaved by ST3 at two sites distinct from where other MMPs cleave. Through peptide sequencing, we determined that the two cleavage sites are in the extracellular domain between the transmembrane domain and laminin binding sequence. Furthermore, we demon strated that these cleavage sites are conserved in human LR. These results together with high levels of human LR and ST3 expression in carcinomas suggest that LR is a likely in vivo substrate of ST3 and that its cleavage by ST3 may alter cell-extracellular matrix interaction, thus, playing a role in mediating the effects of ST3 on cell fate and behavior ob- served during development and pathogenesis.

关键词： stromelysin-3 laminin receptor matrix metalloproteinase extracellular matrix Xenopus laevis cell surface substrate.

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Dynamical Tropopause Variability and Potential Vorticity Streamers in the Northern Hemisphere——A Climatological Analysis

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第3期25卷 367-380页

作者： olivia MARTIUS Cornelia SCHWIERZ Michael SPRENGER Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute for Atmospheric Science School of Earth and EnvironmentLeeds UniversityLeeds LS2 9JTUK

This study presents a 44-year climatology of potential vorticity （PV） streamers in the Northern Hemisphere based upon analyses of the ERA-40 reanalysis data set. A comparison to an existing 15-year climatology yields very good agreement in the locations of PV streamer frequency maxima, but some differences are found in the amplitude of frequencies. The climatology is assessed with the focus on links between PV streamer frequencies and the synoptic- and planetary-scale variability of the dynamical tropopause. A comprehensive overview is provided on where （zonally） and when （seasonally） short-term variability throughout the extra-tropical and sub-tropical tropopause is enhanced or reduced. Several key processes that influence this variability are discussed. Baroclinic processes, for example, determine the variability in the storm-track areas in winter, whereas the Asian summer monsoon significantly influences the variability over Asia. The paper also describes links between the frequency of PV streamers in the extra-tropical and subtropical tropopause and three major northern hemisphere teleconnection patterns. The observed changes in the PV streamer frequencies are closely related to concomitant variations of PV and its gradient within the tropopause region. During opposite phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation the location of the streamer frequency maxima shifts significantly in the Atlantic and European region in both the extra-tropics and subtropics. The influence of ENSO on the streamer frequencies is most pronounced in the subtropical Pacific.

关键词： Rossby wave breaking PV streamer Northern Hemisphere teleconnection indices dynamical tropopause

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TRANSCRANIAL NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF SMOKING BRAINS

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第3期2卷 227-234页

作者： olivia PUCCI SANDER STEPANOV VLADISLAV TORONOV Department of Physics Ryerson University 350 Victoria StreetTorontoONCanada M5B 2K3

We used a mobile wireless near-infrared sensor for the noninvasive recording of cerebral hemoglobin concentration changes during cigarette *** measurement included 5 min of rest,5 min of smoking imitation,and 5 min of actual *** observed significant effects of the tobacco smoking on temporal changes in the human brain at time scales ranging from 200 ms to about 1 *** most reproducible effects were an increase of the heartbeat rate and a decrease in the heartbeat power spectral density during *** but highly individual changes due to smoking were observed in temporal patterns of hemodynamic fluctuations in 5–50 s time *** have also found statistically significant slow increases in both oxy-and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations during smoking.

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin brain smoking

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Modeling the optical properties of twisted bilayer photonic crystals

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第9期10卷 1672-1679页

作者： Haoning Tang Fan Du Stephen Carr Clayton DeVault olivia Mello Eric Mazur School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA02138USA Brown Theoretical Physics Center and Department of Physics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA

We demonstrate a photonic analog of twisted bilayer graphene that has ultra-flat photonic bands and exhibits extreme slow-light *** twisted bilayer photonic device,which has an operating wavelength in the C-band of the telecom window,uses two crystalline silicon photonic crystal slabs separated by a methyl methacrylate tunneling *** numerically determine the magic angle using a finite-element method and the corresponding photonic band structure,which exhibits a flat band over the entire Brillouin *** flat band causes the group velocity to approach zero and introduces light localization,which enhances the electromagnetic field at the expense of *** our original plane-wave continuum model,we find that the photonic system has a larger band *** band structure can easily be engineered by adjusting the device geometry,giving significant freedom in the design of *** work provides a fundamental understanding of the photonic properties of twisted bilayer photonic crystals and opens the door to the nanoscale-based enhancement of nonlinear effects.

关键词： twisted properties tunneling

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Standardized bioactive fraction of Phaleria macrocarpa(Proliverenol) prevents ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity via down-regulation of NF-kB-TNFα-caspase-8 pathway

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第8期6卷 686-691页

作者： Guntur Berlian olivia Mayasari Tandrasasmita Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences PT Dexa Medica Industri Selatan V Block PP no.7 Kawasan Industri Jababeka Ⅱ

Objective: To verify that Proliverenol has a potential ability in protecting cells from ethanol-induced ***: Activity of Proliverenol against ethanol-induced apoptosis was evaluated at m RNA and protein levels in Hep G2 cell exposed to Proliverenol for 1 and 3 ***: Proliverenol conferred hepatoprotective activity through increasing cell survival up to 53%–69% via up-regulation of APEX1 DNA repair enzyme for 3.0–4.7 fold and down-regulating of nuclear factor-kB, tumor necrosis factora and caspase-8 expression,allowing them to prevent 4.5–6.9 fold of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) leakage in Hep G2 cells. Our finding revealed that Proliverenol repressed expression of ALT, which is significantly important as possible alternative mechanism for increased blood transaminase activities. In addition, the result also showed that caspase-8 pathway seemed to be involved in the molecular pathway rather than directly inducing mitochondrial ***: The data support our hypothesis that Proliverenol has a potential ability in protecting cells from ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. We propose that Proliverenol provides hepatoprotective activity through up-regulating expression of APEX1 that repress DNA fragmentation, and down-regulating expression of nuclear factor-kB, tumor necrosis factora and caspase-8, which therefore repress ALT leakage and its expression.

关键词： Phaleria macrocarpa Hepatoprotector Liver injury Cirrhosis HepG2

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Medium-Term Results of Balloon Valvuloplasty of Native Pulmonary Valve Stenosis with and without Supravalvular Obstruction in Childhood

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 161-172页

作者： olivia Lenoir Daniel Quandt Oliver Kretschmar Walter Knirsch Pediatric Cardiology Pediatric Heart CenterChildren’s Research CenterUniversity Children’s Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland University of Zurich ZurichSwitzerland

Objectives:Factors influencing results of balloon valvuloplasty(BVP)of pulmonary valve stenosis(PS)in children are ***:BVP has become the standard of care for PS,medium-term results are not uniform and depend on various ***:We analysed the medium-term results of BVP of PS in children in an observational,single centre *** for additional procedure was defined as outcome after initial ***:We included 143 children(83 female)at a median(IQR)age of 2.6(0.26–9.24)months and body weight of 5(3.4–8)kg at BVP with a follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)*** used balloon size of 10(9–14)mm and maximal balloon pressure of 4(3.5–10)atm,resulting in balloon–to–pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.28(1.2–1.4).Systolic pressure gradient of PS was reduced with BVP(43.5 mmHg vs.14.0 mmHg,p<0.001)and confirmed by echocardiography(68.0 mmHg vs.25.0 mmHg,p<0.001)day 1 post *** BVP with associated supravalvular PS resulted in a relevant reduction of systolic pressure gradient in 23 of 31 patients(74.2%).Early additional procedure was necessary in 14 patients(9.8%)after 0.2(0.1–0.7)years due to residual PS(n=13)and infective endocarditis(n=1).Factors for additional procedures were associated supravalvular PS with a higher residual pressure gradient,but not genetic *** further follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)years no further additional procedures were ***:Pulmonary BVP of native pulmonary valve stenosis leads to excellent medium-term results,even in 3 of 4 infants with associated supravalvular obstruction sufficient pressure relief can be obtained.

关键词： Pediatric catheter congenital pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty

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Trombinol,a bioactive fraction of Psidium guajava,stimulates thrombopoietin expression in HepG2 cells

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 437-442页

作者： Guntur Berlian olivia Mayasari Tandrasasmita Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata Section of Molecular Pharmacology Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences Dexa MedicaIndustri Selatan VBlock PP No.7Jababeka Industrial Estate IICikarangWest Java 17550Indonesia

Objective:To study the regulation of trombinol on thrombopoietin,an essential regulator of thrombocyte ***:Effect of trombinol on thrombopoietin regulation was evaluated at the m RNA and protein levels in human hepatoma Hep G2 *** m RNA expressions were revealed by PCR and real-time PCR,while the protein expressions were analyzed using western blotting and human ELISA *** differences between the test were determined by student's t-test with P < 0.05 was considered statistically ***:Trombinol significantly increased the expression of thrombopoietin at the level of m RNA and protein secretion in Hep G2 cell *** with the concentration of15 mg/m L,positively induces 2.5-fold of thrombopoietin ***-regulation of GABP,a transcription factor of thrombopoietin,is suggested to be involved in cellular regulatory mechanisms of ***,our result shows convincing evidence that trombinol affects the thrombopoietin productions in *** molecular explanation of thrombopoietin's stimulating function is in line with the traditional use of Psidium guajava for treatment of diseases involving ***:Thrombopoietin stimulating function of trombinol could be potentially considered as one of alternative treatment for thrombocytopenia-related cases,including post chemotherapy shock,dengue fever and liver failure.

关键词： Trombinol Thrombopoietin Thrombocyte Anti-thrombocytopenia Thrombopoietin stimulating agent

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Species specialization limits movement ability and shapes ecological networks: the case study of 2 forest mammals

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 237-249页

作者： olivia DONDINA Valerio ORIOLI Gianpasquale CHIATANTE Alberto MERIGGI Luciano BANI Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 1 Milano 20126 Italy Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 1 Pavia 27100 Italy

To counteract the negative effects of forest fragmentation on wildlife, it is crucial to maintain functional ecological networks. We identified the ecological networks for 2 mammals with very different degrees of forest specialization, the European badger Meles metes and the Roe deer Capreolus capreolus, by differentiati ng 4 agroforestry eleme nts as either no des or conn ectivity elements, and by defining the distanee that provides the functional connectivity between fragments. Species occurrenee data were collected in a wide agroecosystem in northern Italy. To test the role of hedgerows, traditional poplar cultivations, short rotation coppices, and reforestations as ecological network elements for the 2 species we applied the method of simulated species perceptions of the Iandscape (SSPL), comparing the ability of different SSPLs to explain the observed species distribution. All analyses were repeated considering different seenarios of species movement ability through the matrix. Model outputs seem to show that the specialist and highly mobile Roe deer has the same movement ability throughout the matrix (2 km) as the European badger, a smaller, but generalist species. The ecological network identified for the European badger was widespread throughout the area and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and hedgerows as nodes and short rotation coppices as connectivity elements. Conversely, the ecological network of the Roe deer was mostly limited to the main forest areas and was composed of woodlands, poplar cultivations and ref o restat i ons as no des and short rotation coppices and hedgerows as conn ectivity elements. The degree of forest specialization strongly affects both species perception of habitat and movement ability throughout the matrix, regardless of species size. This has important implications for species conservation.

关键词： Capreolus capreolus connectivity elements forest fragmentation Meles metes nodes wildlife conservation

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